The two organochlorine pesticides are already banned on their used. Due to their hazardous effects, the pesticides require proper handling for the treatment, storage and disposal facility. The GHS SDS has clear information for proper handling of these pesticides and safety measures to be taken when handling them (Bingham, Cohrssen and Powell, 2001). The pesticides therefore require proper preparation for their transports and shipping regulations are well provided for according to the hazard class and their descriptions. This paper will analyze the importance of the regulations during transportation of these hazardous materials. In addition, the paper will analyze their chemical properties, uses, ill effects and first aid measures to be taken in case of their contact with transporters or other people. Generally this paper will analyze the details in their SDS and explaining them in preparation of EHS and FS professional access in order to mitigate their hazards to the workplaces during cleanup phases.
According to GHS SDS, aldrin is a toxic and severely irritating substance. In the handling of the pesticide for transportation, one should high avoid contacting and inhaling the materials (In Wexler, 2014). During packaging for transportation, individuals should wear protective clothing to avoid the contact. While collecting it, spark-proof tools should be used as well as explosion-proof equipments. This is because the substance is reactive and may explode when exposed to fire. Moreover, during the transportation, aldrin should be kept in cool dry and well ventilated locations. The containers containing the pesticide should be well closed and away from any ignitions. Moreover, packaging of the pesticide for transportation should be done outdoor or well ventilated area to ensure minimum or zero inhaling of the pesticide (Tel-Or & Forni, 2011). DOT regulations allow registered transporting vehicles to have the relevant GHS hazard symbols. The three designed symbols GHS02, GHS06 and GHS08 which are symbols for highly flammable liquid and vapor, toxic if inhaled and health hazards respectively. The transporting vehicles must be able to bear those symbols to enhance the safety of others.
The DOT regulations are meant to enhance safety of handling and transportation of the pesticides. In addition, the regulations are meant to ensure the public is as well protected against the negative impacts of the hazardous substances. The DOT regulation offers the regulations and packaging mechanisms of the aldrin (Tel-Or & Forni, 2011). The regulation provides the process of packaging and materials condition to be used for packaging. In addition, the regulation helps to provide the environmental safety concerning these hazardous materials.
In case of emergencies, safety measures need to be taken against the harmful effects of the material. The aldrin is highly flammable liquid and vapor therefore any fire substances need to be avoided in case of any emergency. In addition another chemical property of aldrain is that it is toxic in nature. Moreover, adrin is highly chemically compatible with strong oxidizing agents. The pesticide is also decomposed by carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. The pesticide is toxic when it comes into contact with the body or even when inhaled (Muir & Lohmann, 2013). In the past, aldrin was used for control of pests. Due to its harmful nature, the pesticide was banned and it is no longer used in that category. Moreover, when responder reaches the sites of emergencies, irritation can be experienced when they come into contact with the aldrin.
First, the SDS addresses hazard identification of the aldrin. The GHS classification classified the material on singe exposure category 1 according to STOOT classification and category 2 on flammability (Bagchi, Zafra-Stone, Bagchi & Patel, 2012). Moreover, the SDS addresses the first aid measures in case of accident on inhaling, contact with eyes, skin and ingestion. Fresh air and flushing with water are given the main activities incase of contact. In addition, during handling, technical measures and precautions are addressed in the SDS. The SDS also addressed the physical and chemical properties of aldrin. The document also shows the stability and reactivity of the pesticide. It is considered stable under normal conditions. The SDS also provides the toxicological information and the highly affected organs during exposure such as eyes, central nervous system, skin, GI track and respiratory track. Also, the SDS addresses the health effects which can be experienced during exposure. All these information in the SDS helps the EHS and FS professionals to enhance the safety measures when dealing with aldrin. The professionals are able to prepare the handling mechanism and situation and mechanisms to mitigate any hazards.
Chlordane is classified as a chlorinated hydrocarbon which is used as a non-systemic contact insecticide for lawn and crops. It is a complex mixture of isomers and other chlorinated hydrocarbons. The pesticide is used in termite and ant control as well as a protective treatment of underground cables (Randall, 2012). Moreover, the pesticide is irritant and toxic when ingested, inhaled or comes into contact with the skin. Additionally, when exposed to heat it decomposes and emits toxic fumes such as carbon monoxide, chlorine, phosgene and hydrogen chloride. Moreover, chlordane can last in the soils for more than 20 years and therefore more persistent. The pesticide is considered harmful to human beings and therefore it has been banned from use. For transportation, the DOT regulation provides that transporters should wear heavy protective clothing to ensure they are safe against the toxic substances in the pesticide. Moreover, the transporting vehicles must be labels with the correct symbols showing the danger of the substance (Qing et al., 2006). Hazard labels should be provided on the vehicles and containers containing the material. GHS DOT provides the following symbols and labels to the content and vehicles transiting chlordane;
The DOT regulations concerning chlordane are essential to enhance the safety measures when dealing with the pesticide. When transporting, it is essential to notify the public of the material being transported. The DOT regulation on labeling ensures that the public is notified of the dangerous material in transits. During transits, the material is classified as hazardous class 3. In case of an emergency, irritation for the responders can be experienced. When exposed to fire, the material can also explode due to the high flammability characteristic (Tel-Or & Forni, 2011). Open fires and ignitions should be avoided since the liquid is flammable. Some of the key ill effects the responders may experience include headache, nausea, dizziness, blurred vision and nervous system and respiratory depressions.
The ERA SDS has 16 sections which addresses different issues concerning chlordane. These sections are helpful to the EHS and FS professionals when dealing with chlordane and enhance alternative measures to deal with health hazards arising from the material. Hazard identification of the material is first provided in the SDS. This helps the professional to understand the material they are dealing with and the risks involved. This section helps the professionals to understand the conditions under which they can handle the chlordane and what to avoid during its handling. The SDS addresses the first aid measures when the professionals come into contact with the material, inhaling situations and ingestion cases (Chan, Nunavut Steering Committee of the International Polar Year Inuit Health Survey., & Nunavut Tunngavik Incorporated, 2012). In addition, the SDS also addresses the fire-fighting measures involving the pesticide. This helps the professionals to know the mechanisms they can use to handle the pesticides in fire situations. The exposure control and personal section of SDS helps the professionals to have their protective gear when dealing with chlordane. Also, the SDS addresses the stability and reactivity category of the material and this helps the professionals to know how to handle chlordane. Toxicity information is also provided to ensure professionals are aware of the risks involved when dealing with chlordane.
References
Bagchi, M., Zafra-Stone, S., Bagchi, D., & Patel, S. (January 01, 2012). Oxidative stress and chemical toxicity-Chapter 27.
Bingham, E.; Cohrssen, B.; Powell, C.H.; (2001). Patty’s Toxicology Volumes 1-9 5th ed. John Wiley & Sons. New York, N.Y. p. V5 652
Chan, L., Nunavut Steering Committee of the International Polar Year Inuit Health Survey., & Nunavut Tunngavik Incorporated. (2012). Inuit health survey 2007-2008: Contaminant assessment in Nunavut. Iqaluit, Nunavut: Nunavut Tunngavik Incorporated.
In Wexler, P. (2014). Encyclopedia of toxicology.
Muir, D., & Lohmann, R. (May 01, 2013). Water as a new matrix for global assessment of hydrophilic POPs. Trac Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 46, 162-172.
Qing, L. Q., Loganath, A., Seng, C. Y., Tan, J., & Philip, O. J. (January 01, 2006). Persistent Organic Pollutants and Adverse Health Effects in Humans. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Part A, 69, 21, 1987-2005.
Randall, A. P. (2012). The effects of DDT, chlordane, and benzene hexachloride upon germination growth and nodulation of red clover Trifolium Pratense Linn. University of British Columbia.
Tel-Or, E., & Forni, C. (January 01, 2011). Phytoremediation of hazardous toxic metals and organics by photosynthetic aquatic systems. Plant Biosystems – an International Journal Dealing with All Aspects of Plant Biology, 145, 1, 224-235.
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