Gastroenteritis is the inflammation of the inner layer of the intestines.
Gastritis is erosion in the inner layer of the stomach.
The reduced skin turgor is caused by black colored stools an indication of gastroenteritis infection.
The blood pressure has lowered from 110/66 which indicates illness.
Severe diarrhea causes dehydration which decreases the blood circulation in the body resulting in low blood pressure.
Diarrhea, vomiting
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease which attacks central nervous systems thus affecting the brain, optic nerves and spinal cord.
Muscle weakness, visual disturbances
Rhabdomyolysis is the death of muscle fibers and releasing it content in the bloodstream.
Statins especially lovastatin medication. Side effects intestinal problems and muscle inflammation.
Take the full dose as prescribed by the doctor.
The term is “melena” meaning dark stools with peculiar dour consisting of digested food.
Emesis means vomiting contents from the stomach.
Hematemesis means vomiting of blood.
The patient vomits brownish blood due to digestion by the stomach acids and turned hemoglobin into the brownish color. (Khan, Khan, Tiwari, Moustafa, Taleb & Khateeb, 2018).
The term is Jaundice. The organ is liver.
Hepatitis, it influences skin color and eyes becoming yellowish.
Pruritus is the medical terminology referring to itchy skin.
Hiatus Hernia happens when the upper part of the stomach pushes up through the diaphragm into the chest region.
Symptom; chest pain, trouble in swallowing.
GORD stands for “Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease”.
Nursing care plans
Diarrhea
The identified problem is abdominal pain.
The goal of diarrhea plan is to regain normal functioning of the patient bowel.
Courses
|
NURSING INTERVENTIONS |
RATIONALE |
|
Establish rapport |
To achieve patient’s trust |
|
Limit solid food consumption |
For bowel to rest |
Acute Pain.
The identified problem is sleep disturbances.
The goal of acute pain is to reduce the pain and ensure relaxation skills.
Courses
|
NURSING INTERVENTIONS |
RATIONALE |
|
Ensure adequate rest |
For reducing pain and promoting comfort |
|
Guide effectiveness in pain medication |
To enhance timely intervention |
Deficient fluid volume
The identified problem is abdominal cramping
The goal of deficient fluid volume is to maintain fluid volume.
Courses
|
NURSING INTERVENTION |
RATIONALE |
|
Provision of frequent oral care |
For preventing dryness |
|
Limit solid food intake |
For ensuring the bowel rest |
What factors would have contributed to her developing osteoarthritis?
The old age
Sex. Osteoarthritis develops more in women
What education would you provide to an individual diagnosed with Osteoarthritis?
Exercise to strengthen the muscle and reduce stress on the knees.
Encourage the patient to lose weight to reduce stress on the joints.
Explain the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease and how it can contribute to falls.
Parkinson’s disease results from loss of cells in the substantia nigra in the brain which produces dopamine. Insufficient of dopamine in the striatum results in an individual failure to control the movements.
Old age, postural severity and insufficient dopamine failing to regulate the movements result to fall. (Steger et al. 2016).
What other symptoms might Carol have about Parkinson’s disease?
Movement difficulties, sleeping problems, loss of smell and tremor.
Besides monitoring the above vital signs what other observations should be conducted? Explain why?
Pain sleeps disorders and cognitive problems.
Observations are nonmotor symptoms not related to movement and are essential when diagnosing Parkinson’s disease.
Carol starts to complain of a headache and is feeling nauseated. What do you think could be happening?
A headache and nausea results from a migraine headache preceded by sensory disturbance.
Parkinson’s disease causes loss of sense of smell contributing to a headache and nausea.
Complete three nursing care plans for Carol. Each plan must identify one patient problem/issue, one goal and two courses of action you would take. The outcome should then be evaluated. Parkinson’s disease
Plan include; impaired swallowing
Ineffective coping
Disturbed thought process
Problem of the patient is ineffective in Airway clearance
Goal to improve functional mobility of the patient.
Courses
|
Nursing intervention |
Rationale |
|
Check respiratory status |
For baseline data |
|
Assess patient around the mouth |
May show hypoxemia |
Osteoarthritis
Nursing plan; Risk injury
Activity intolerance
Chronic pain
Courses
|
Nursing intervention |
Rationale |
|
Ensure adequate rest time |
To reduce fatigue |
|
Using adaptive equipment |
To reduce joint stress |
Nursing care plan for fracture
Acute pain
Trauma risk and Risk of infection
Courses
|
Nursing interventions |
Rationale |
|
Maintain bed rest |
It provides security |
|
Maintain position of traction |
Facilitates union of fractured bone. |
Name an Allied Health Worker that you could include in this individuals care in regard to her allergy and poor appetite. Explain their role.
Dietitian.
Role. to identify nutrition problems and access the nutrition status of patient.
PART C
Supersaturation of the tissue dissolved with gas and subsequent extraction of gas bubbles during diving causes decompression sickness.
The symptoms are dizziness, fatigue, nausea.
Emergency oxygen first aid
The patient made comfortable in the recovery position.
Four hours
Yes.
Risk, developing the high altitude related disease and developing life-threatening symptoms
Symptoms Advice
Mild symptoms have enough rest
Increased breathing rate sleep at the lower altitude
Heat exhaustion is characterized by body cooling itself while increase body temperature describes heat stroke due to scorching temperatures (Ferri, 2015).
Hypothermia is fatal condition after body temperatures reduce below a safe level.
Symptoms are shivering and slow breathing.
To prevent severe bleeding.
Advice, stabilizing the object by taping it in place up to a lower altitude area.
Signs; weakness, drowsiness and confusion
The contact is 131126.
The symptoms are a headache, Nausea and spinning sensation.
Define Blunt trauma
It is an injury caused by an object after hitting the body.
References
Ferri, F. F. (2015). Heat exhaustion and heat stroke. Ferri’s Clinical Advisor.
Steger, M., Tonelli, F., Ito, G., Davies, P., Trost, M., Vetter, M., … & Baptista, M. A. (2016). Phosphoproteomics reveals that Parkinson’s disease kinase LRRK2 regulates a subset of Rab GTPases. Elife, 5.
Khan, M. S., Khan, Z., Tiwari, A., Moustafa, A., Taleb, M., & Khateeb, F. M. (2018). Adult Polycystic Liver Disease: An Unusual Cause of Recurrent Variceal Bleed. In C50. CRITICAL CARE CASE REPORTS: THE LIVER, PANCREAS, AND INTESTINES (pp. A5181-A5181). American Thoracic Society.
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