Enviromental Management For Technological Developments

Emissions of Polluting Gases

Describe about the Enviromental Management for Technological Developments?.

The technological developments of the countries have caused a critical negative effect on the environment. Due to the burning of fossil fuels there has been increasing emissions of polluting gases into the atmosphere, which results in deterioration of the quality of life (Schiermeier, 2015). Today the population faces many environmental challenges and one of the challenges to be solved by society is the emission of diesel pollutants in the volumes exhibited in recent years such as VW case.

Transport, by its nature, relates virtually all sectors of the economy. Mobilizing inputs and raw materials required for the production of goods to consumer centers and acts as a major user of the products and services of various economic branches. Benefits of the transformation of labor relations and social incorporating products and similar experiences in those places that are linked to transport networks. Therefore, it influences the location of urban centers and their activities, livelihoods, formation of spaces groups’ urban, modification of land uses and forms of communication and social identification (Okeahialam, 2011).

VW has breached the rules of the EU nations and this has developed into the scandal. The regulators have failed to successful confine the VW case. Major motor companies have overlooked the rules that the diesel emitted from motor vehicles be limited to prevent environmental pollution. The situation is also in other organizations such as Lookers in UK, where they launch new range rover T19 which has the same high volumes of emissions as the VW.

(Oh & Park, 2013)

(Schiermeier, 2015)

Automotive transportation is one of the main sources of emissions of polluting gases from combustion engines, which causes a double harmful effect, because while some of the gaseous components affect human health (CO, NO and HC), others lead to increase in greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4 and N2O), incidents climate change affects Earth.

There are processes that that have been establish to curb the emission of diesel into the environment causing health hazards through pollution. The result of a process that aims to establish, for regulatory purposes, the maximum levels of emissions to the atmosphere generated by mobile sources, to reduce their influence on the marked deterioration of air quality is presented (S. 1265, 2007).

Thus, the proposed limit values ​​for emissions, for both vehicles with petrol engines, such as diesel, are reduced for all indicators and years of manufacturing equipment and are in line with the values ​​that establish various international standards analyzed (Okeahialam, 2011).

Transport and its Impact on Environment

The difficult economic situation in recent years has weighed on the exploitation and improvement of means of transport, and has limited the necessary measures to minimize its environmental impacts actions. However, while the ability to learn and draw lessons from the difficulties is also integral to our process, the idea of ​​sustainability far from weakening has been strengthened because we have gained greater awareness and new skills to develop tools and actions to achieve the transport sustainability.

The approach to the treatment of emissions should be made after considering simultaneously three interdependent variables: quality of fuel used, vehicle technology and conditions of use of the vehicles, which means that a variation in any of these factors, impact of directly in the change in the level of emissions (Oh & Park, 2013).

According to reports and studies, in transport the maximum emission reduction can be achieved by modifying the characteristics of the fuel in the order of 20 to 30%. This translates in the use of gasoline with low sulfur (S), olefins, aromatics, etc., and in the case of diesel cetane high value and low S content, among others.

(Zakiya, 2014)

As for vehicle technology, these are directed primarily to changes in engine design, combustion conditions, and the addition of after treatment technologies and control of evaporative losses. This results in the application, for example, electronic fuel injection, the oxidation catalyst, combustion chamber, and burned fast recirculation of the exhaust gases (“Micro-structure helps control diesel emissions”, 2008.)

Internationally is a practice the development of emission standards in general, covering all vehicles in the categories of light, medium, and heavy, making no distinction based on technological development in the construction of equipment. This situation requires vehicle manufacturers to periodically undertake costly modernization programs that allow the elimination of those teams with technological backwardness and technical wear.

This situation prevents the development of regulations and / or emission standards in general, because while the state transport companies and private owners that have modern vehicles just have to make efforts to meet them, those with means with backward technologies cannot achieve, unless by handling certain investments that the country is not always able to cope (Lapuerta, Armas, & Herreros, 2008).

Because this is that the development of regulations and / or emission standards which, in addition to considering the categories of vehicle taking into account the weight and power, consider the technological features and technical wear of these is necessary, as well as the economic potential of country to achieve certain levels of energy and environmental efficiency (Stepchenkova, 2013).

Volkswagen Scandal

The proposed limit values ​​for gas emissions for both gasoline-powered vehicles, such as diesel, are reduced for all indicators and years of manufacturing equipment.

(Zakiya, 2014)

In recent decades the recognition of environmental and social issues has increased enormously. Humanity is becoming increasingly aware that the consumption of manufactured goods and services contributes in some way, to the adverse effects on resources and environmental quality. The Life Cycle Assessment Methodology of is being used worldwide in organizations. The diesel emission case can also apply the cycle ensure that positive results instead of getting involved in such scandals they are in. Because of the application of the life cycle assessment to the diesel emission in the environment, it has presented a set of actions for Improve the consumption of the resources and of the environmental impact of the main stations of distributed electric power generation (“IABSE-Symposium: Toward a Better Built Enviroment – Innovation, Sustainability, Information Technology”, 2002).

Methods

The process of life-cycle assessment is used, according to its three stages: Definition of goal and scope, inventory analysis of life cycle impact assessment life cycle analysis and improvement.

All these steps are explained below.

(Wilson, 2010)

Define the objectives and scope Objectives

Inventory build a life cycle in the distributed generation of electricity with fuel oil and diesel to provide the resources consumed (inputs), and emissions and waste generated (outputs) during the process.  Assess and quantify the impacts associated with the process of distributed generation of electricity using fuel oil and diesel (Tüccar, Özgür, & Aydın, 2014).  Compare the environmental profile of the inventories carried out with other sources of electricity generation.  Appreciate the potential improvements that can have the process to reduce impacts, both environmental and economic (Heck, Fisher, & Kubsh, 2001).

(Schiermeier, 2015)

Definition of the limits of the system

The system boundaries are defined according to the information we have and the objectives to be achieved as defined above. Then the limits of the studied system are defined:

Geographic limits.

The life-cycle assessment is limited to the distributed generation of diesel motor cars in the car consuming states of VW.

Time limits.

The analysis time includes the years 2016, 2017, 2018 and the first quarter of 2019.

The system boundaries are well framed as it begins with the initial products for the production of diesel vehicles put in the bars System National Power and analysis of waste derived from this production. Limits on building the infrastructure or transportation of materials or equipment is not included (Wilson, 2010).

(Schiermeier, 2015)

Data Quality The data for this analysis were selected exhaustively Control Centre and Maintenance Group and belonging to the VW companies. Each entered data checked against the same period sent to the regulatory bodies for the measurement and control of the production and environmental development of the plants. In addition to the data, they were tested for goodness of fit for greater statistical confidence by having historical data inputs and outputs of the process (DoÄŸan, 2011).

Inventory Analysis

Collect data

To collect the data involved in the production of VW motor vehicles should describe the interrelated systems that enable stable and reliable generation of motor vehicles. For the study sample is taken as different parts of the VW consuming states being representative in its technology and among all plants in the organization (Zakiya, 2014).

Proposed Limit Values for Emissions

Processing of data obtained With all the data from the different systems of analysis and to comply with the proposed objectives they are included these in the processing tool information Open LCA which may be obtained environmental impacts and environmental profile of distributed generation with fuel oil and diesel (“Disposable filter meets guidelines for diesel particulate emissions”, 2004).

(Oh & Park, 2013)

The work recognizes the difficulty in determining which vehicle means lower consumption and environmental impacts even in the scenario of 2020 (because although it is contemplated then improved battery electric vehicles, also expects an increase in efficiency in gasoline and diesel). Still, it also makes clear that the electric vehicle can provide significant advantages. To this, end recommends advance the development of batteries and in the smarts grids, but especially stresses the need to decarbonize electricity in Europe (Zhang & Balasubramanian, 2014).

(Diesel Emissions Quantifier, 2010).

Primary energy consumption
The model approach is beneficial in that the vehicles consumes less diesel through it and there is easier manufacture at the same time.

Disadvantage: The cars will be slower and this might push away customers and opt for other car models leading to low profit margins.

Climate change
there is fossil fuel depletion in the future and this may lead to expensive fuel prices however, this will be counter by the low diesel consuming vehicles.

The other side is that diesel emissions by itself however small eventually lead to emission of gases that pollutes the environment (“contents of Agriculture, Ecosystems and Enviroment, Volume 96”, 2003).

3. The management, shareholders and the key consumers are some of the stakeholders that have a key say in the organization conservation of the environment. Through these stakeholders, they reduce diesel emissions by using groups and organizations. Alternatively through private funding to reduce diesel emissions in the environment.

Conservation International Organizations
Today international conservation organizations serve as environmental consultants for governments and large corporations interested in reducing pollution, establish protected areas and biodiversity conservation. Some organizations such as the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Conservation International (CI), and the Society for the Conservation of Wildlife (WCS) and World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) act as mediators between politicians, local populations, scientists, and advocacy groups that promote conservation. These organizations undertake and support a wide range of activities related to conservation, from organizing international conferences to establish communities in conservation projects to achieve decrees of parks and reserves activities (“Clean Diesel Technologies’ fuel additive and low cost devices reduce diesel emissions by up to 50%”, 2002). These organizations integrate the latest scientific findings in conservation efforts, taking into account the economic realities.

Treatment of Emissions

Activists groups
some activist groups such as Action Network Rainforest (RAN), the Fund for Environmental Defense (EDF), the Alliance Rainforest, the Amazon Guardian, Friends of the Earth (FOE), and Club Sierra promote and fund rainforest conservation. These organizations support and undertake projects in communities involving people in conservation. In addition, they monitor development projects that have an impact on the rainforest, and take their message to other organizations, individuals, and governments. These groups promote campaigns against large corporations and governments responsible for deforestation, and encourage consumers to boycott their products. Pressure from environmental organizations against these companies, along with boycotts, often forcing companies to adopt more environmentally friendly methods or not to involve deforestation in production. Although critics assert that successful boycotts in the north produce only diverts investment markets that remain open, their campaigns draw public attention to deforestation and increase the sensitivity of the industry to the problems of the rainforest (“Clean Diesel Technologies’ fuel additive and low cost devices reduce diesel emissions by up to 50%”, 2002).

(Lapuerta, Armas, & Herreros, 2008)

Action Network Rainforest is one of the largest organizations in the world dedicated solely to protect the rainforests of the world. Its headquarters is in San Francisco and has a large number of affiliates around the world. The organization has led a number of campaigns, many of which have been successful. RAN boycotting companies as a means to put pressure on those who are responsible for the destruction of the rainforest.
Private Organizations Funding
In addition to conservation organizations, private corporations have been responsible for funding projects that help preserve the environment. Motorola recently joined efforts for the conservation of the World Wide Fund for Nature, to enhance the communication capabilities of the organization in remote areas. Currently, the WWF has tracking devices first class and excellent media for fieldwork (Diesel Emissions Quantifier, 2010).

The company should start looking for alternative source of energy such as the biofuel motor cars or even electric cars that are less pollutant to the environment.

(Heck, Fisher, & Kubsh, 2001)

There should be implementation of measures within the company why by vehicles produced cannot be deemed worthy to travel until they pass through the hands of the regulators.

There is also the possibility of teaming up with the companies already in the electric and bio companies in car industry and invest heavily in producing similar car models as the diesel ones(Zhang & Balasubramanian, 2014).

Life Cycle Analysis in Organizations

(Diesel Emissions Quantifier, 2010)

The company should aim at customer education and training campaigns on the effects of diesel cars there by helping them to choose the less diesel emitting models.

4. This course has indeed affected my way of thinking since through the various diagrams, my understanding has improved and there even more things I have explored in the course of using them. F or instance the case of VW has really given me a wider perspective on the motor industry and the effects it has on us. The diagrams have gone a great length to assisting me to see the whole universe in the same manner an environmentalist with an agenda to conserve it sees it.

Since the beginning of industrial era until few years ago, the society blindly believed in the doctrine of exponential economic growth (“ANOUNCEMENT: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF ENERGY, WATER AND ENVIROMENT SYSTEMS”, 2003). It was based on the unlimited land to sustain economic growth possibilities. However, today, we know that our planet is not able to withstand the international economic order that natural resources are not unlimited goods. Our solid gaseous liquids and our way of life waste leads to a great risk of health to our planet. Environmental management is complex due to the large number of actor’s involved two central government authorities and local public and private institutions, the productive sectors, trader’s e.g.  This leads to lack of synchronization what makes it impossible for good environmental management. It involves the conservation of endangered species, sport hunting, the fishing industry will forest management, industrial management and even household management.

To minimize our intrusion and diverse ecosystems, maximize; it involves use resources rationally and cost applying criteria of matter and energy mode. The chances of survival of all life forms, is a set of actions that perform a population or community for the conservation, protection, protection and improvement of the environment, both natural and artificial.

The management of those areas protected for its natural value is within what we might define as the purest sense of environmental management. Thus, it is work entrusted to environmental managers the care and preservation of natural areas and their biological and geological resources. Conservation of species love need, the organization uses in natural areas, is targets of this type of environmental management. Alternative fuels, including biofuels, vehicles with low or zero emissions and clean technologies enable substantial reductions in emissions of carbon dioxide and other pollutants. Clean vehicles are those that incorporate the latest combustion technologies and emission control, which operate optimally with low sulfur fuels and unleaded (Bugarski, 2012).

Therefore, I rest my case by saying, ‘Environment is generally everyone responsibility without it there is no economy neither is there peace. Let all join hands organizations, community, governments and any other groups that feel responsible towards the environment and preserve it for our future generations.