Indigenous people have been the victim of several discriminations from last 200 years. Indigenous people are faced with discrimination, prejudices and disadvantages on several platforms even today (Swank, Fahz and Frost 2013). In the contemporary era when each every person is believed to be equal the indigenous people are lacking basic fundamental rights. Poor education, lack of appropriate living conditions, lack of healthcare and general poverty are only some of the problems that is mentioned however the prejudices are more than what can be explained in the essay (Agrawal 2014). The paper aims to discuss the reasons indigenous people are still disadvantaged in Australia in regard to health and community services. There are several policies and laws that are established to protect the fundamental rights of the indigenous people of Australia however the discrimination still continue exists. The strategies to involve indigenous communities are discussed in the paper.
According to an Australian government report that was conducted to analyze the indigenous people’s disadvantages reflects that the country is failing to meet the targets (Young 2013). The targets that the country is failing to meet were set to improve the health, education, social, life expectancy and economic outcomes of aboriginals and Torres Strait Islander citizens. The Closing The Gap report, 2016 has shown that the positive outcomes continue to lag behind from the rest of the community (Beard et al. 2016). It is not only in physical health but also in the mental health where Australia’s effort to fight the disadvantages faced by the indigenous are found declining. According to studies, conducted in the past such as UN Commission on Human rights have detected that it is the indigenous people who tend to remain among the poorest and most marginalized (Fukuda-Parr and Lopes, 2013). There have been adoption and declaration as well on the rights of indigenous people by three main sectors, the government sectors, the private sectors and non-profit organizations.
It is certain that improving the health of indigenous peoples is a critical as well as a complex challenge. Indigenous peoples are uncounted and unrecognized in several in certain regions (Hankivsky 2014). There are existing data that reflects that indigenous people are having poorer health as well as social indicators than others in a similar culture. It is essential to note that unlike various western models of health, according to indigenous people health is a notion that is commonly not individual, however, it involves the entire community’s health along with the health of the ecosystem in which they resides (Langford et al. 2014). Since the perspective of health as per the indigenous peoples to the health problems they have mostly diverse and all-inclusive solutions, they use combination of traditional and allopathic medicine to cure their health problems. Therefore, often it is the medicine and medical knowledge of the indigenous people that offers the foundation of the western pharmaceuticals (Pan et al. 2014)
The absence of vivid definitions of aboriginal in certain regions with a systematic marginalization and segregation of the same peoples. The seclusion of the indigenous people have an important impact on the accessibility of evidence about the well-being as well as health status and demographics of aboriginal peoples, specifically countries with low-income. As a result, there are no specific and accurate demographic data but only different demographic estimates regarding the indigenous peoples (Baum and Fisher 2014). According to the newest ?gures provided by international nongovernmental organizations and academics measure the total estimates of indigenous people are within 257 million and 350 million in the world now (Manor-Binyamini 2014). There is minimal knowledge, and regarding the constituencies with the major estimated indigenous populations, the world knows least. An example for the same, there is a lack of specific demographic as well as health data from the acute indigenous people’s area such as China, Africa, South Asia, and the former Soviet Union. The absence of evidence on indigenous health in these sectors thoroughly impacts the case which can be placed for the native people in policy terms (Jha et al. 2013).
Often due to their physical isolation, for indigenous people the passage to health care is also inadequate. It is for the weak position indigenous people hold within national priority-setting. Moreover, the health services that do appear for the requirements of indigenous peoples are often inappropriate and do not fit their ideas of health. The reason for it is due to the lack of elements that indigenous people have in reality. The health services that reach them are only based on some assumptions that are made by the interaction with few indigenous people (Chambers 2014).
It is essential to ensure greater answerability on funding bodies, state agencies, health or community providers. Since the indigenous health emergency appeals for a holistic conception of health interventions and health research that are more unified and more diverse than an instant, it is likely to make a more significant move for the interests of indigenous people. It is also necessary since health services are acceptable that can be arranged by the integrated vision of health and well-being that indigenous peoples hold. In order to recover the health of indigenous peoples it is an absolute necessity, further research, as well as urgent action, are needed on an international level. In-depth information has to be collected locally to consider the vast variances between aboriginal peoples along with their positions. Another reason it is necessary is due to the serious problem, that is of representation of aboriginals are not simply additional population group with ill health.
There have been well planned researches that have found the problems lying with the system that makes the aboriginal people lack the basic needs and face discrimination. In the similar way well planned strategies will be helpful in encouraging the indigenous people to participate in the common events that rests of the communities participate. The strategies should begin with setting priorities. The issues faced by indigenous people are several however it is necessary to set priority. It is important to include the indigenous people in the decision making, considering their opinion is giving them their fundamental right of right to speech. Appropriate use of laws is a way through which people can raise voice against discrimination against them. However, it should be the non-indigenous people who should be educating and raising voice on behalf of indigenous people against the discrimination against them. This will also encourage the indigenous people and help them build trust on the non-indigenous people. Building public awareness is critical to implementation of indigenous people. It is common for indigenous people to mistrust other communities’ people and this can be helped through the help of public awareness. It is also essential to eliminate the stereotyping and stigma associated with the aboriginal people. Another significant strategy to encourage the indigenous people of the country is to recognize their role in the society. Making the indigenous people feel that they are important for the society and has a role to play will provide them the way to overcome the feeling of getting isolated. State should be fulfilling the wider rights and also should brifge the gap between making the policy and practicing the policy.
Conclusion:
It is seen that indigenous people are faced with discrimination, prejudices and disadvantages on several platforms even today. Along with poor education, lack of appropriate living conditions and general poverty, the one issue that is highly impactful on humanity is he lack of healthcare. Due to several reasons indigenous people are isolated and neglected, if not isolated and neglected they are often the victim of social discrimination. Although there are several laws, polices, rules and regulations for the protection of the indigenous people’s human rights, it is often not in their knowledge or it is not adequate. Therefore, it can be concluded that it is much needed that the society should act as a whole to embrace the culture of indigenous people like any other culture. It is a holistic approach that is needed to be performed by every person in every community.
References:
Agrawal, A., 2014. Indigenous and scientific knowledge: some critical comments. Antropologi Indonesia.
Baum, F. and Fisher, M., 2014. Why behavioural health promotion endures despite its failure to reduce health inequities. Sociology of health & illness, 36(2), pp.213-225.
Beard, J.R., Officer, A., de Carvalho, I.A., Sadana, R., Pot, A.M., Michel, J.P., Lloyd-Sherlock, P., Epping-Jordan, J.E., Peeters, G.G., Mahanani, W.R. and Thiyagarajan, J.A., 2016. The World report on ageing and health: a policy framework for healthy ageing. The Lancet, 387(10033), pp.2145-2154.
Chambers, R., 2014. Rural development: Putting the last first. Routledge. pp.213-225.
Fukuda-Parr, S. and Lopes, C., 2013. Capacity for development: new solutions to old problems. Routledge. pp.145-154
Hankivsky, O., 2014. Intersectionality 101. The Institute for Intersectionality Research & Policy, SFU, pp.1-34.
Jha, V., Garcia-Garcia, G., Iseki, K., Li, Z., Naicker, S., Plattner, B., Saran, R., Wang, A.Y.M. and Yang, C.W., 2013. Chronic kidney disease: global dimension and perspectives. The Lancet, 382(9888), pp.260-272.
Langford, R., Bonell, C.P., Jones, H.E., Pouliou, T., Murphy, S.M., Waters, E., Komro, K.A., Gibbs, L.F., Magnus, D. and Campbell, R., 2014. The WHO Health Promoting School framework for improving the health and well-being of students and their academic achievement. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 4(4), p.CD008958.
Manor-Binyamini, I., 2014. Indigenous Communities and Children with Disabilities in the World: Unique Characteristics of Indigenous Communities and Children with Disabilities. In School-Parent Collaborations in Indigenous Communities (pp. 3-36). Springer, New York, NY.
Pan, S.Y., Litscher, G., Gao, S.H., Zhou, S.F., Yu, Z.L., Chen, H.Q., Zhang, S.F., Tang, M.K., Sun, J.N. and Ko, K.M., 2014. Historical perspective of traditional indigenous medical practices: the current renaissance and conservation of herbal resources. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2014.
Swank, E., Fahs, B. and Frost, D.M., 2013. Region, social identities, and disclosure practices as predictors of heterosexist discrimination against sexual minorities in the United States. Sociological Inquiry, 83(2), pp.238-258.
Young, E., 2013. Third world in the first: development and indigenous peoples. Routledge. pp.245-254.
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