Factors Impacting Information Systems Implementation And Usage

The Definition of Information Systems

Discuss about the Factors Affecting Implementation of Information Systems.

Information System is a well-organized collection, management; storage space and communication unite of the information or knowledge. Particularly, it is actually the study of the networks which people and the organization use for collecting, filtering, processing and distributing the data (Karim, 2011). Additionally, IS is also a group of elements which links and communicates for producing the information. This also emphasizes on the internal elements as compared to the external ones. IS can be defined as the amalgamation of the hardware, software, data, process of business and the functions that are used to rise up the efficiency and the management of the organization. It can be said that Information System is the expression which is used for describing the automated systems whether it is manual that covers public, machines or organized methods for collecting, processing, transmitting and disseminating the data representing the information for the usage of the customer or the client. Computer information system is a kind of system which is the branch of science that includes people and Computers (Boell, 2015). These computers processes and interprets the information which is seen and understood n the humans. This is the same term which is sometimes used in a restricted way for referring to the software which is used to run a database which is computerized or for referring the computer system.

This refers to the objects that are identifiable and virtual representations in the domain of internet. The equipping of all the elements with machine readable identifier devices can change the lives of people dramatically. Such type of devices, hence, can be used in healthcare, manufacturing and also some other fields like mining etc. The only fear is that the linkages or the networks should be able to present high amount of security threats (Ensou & Alinizi, 2014).

This is a very different and special type of innovation which is displayed by the computers and some other machines. It is an agent which is very flexible that takes its environment and the action needed for succeeding the certain phenomenon. This type of innovation is used when the machines imitate the cognitive operations of the brain of human beings in terms of the learning and solving problems. Because machines are becoming capable day by day, the other amenities are being removed from the definitions (Niu, 2016).

1. Medical Innovation: There are many innovations in the field of medical science which already exits and also are being trailed further. These innovations includes new vaccinations which did not exists in the world before, the trails related to the genomic directed clinics, gene editing with the usage of CRISPR, DNA testing which is cell free, screening of cancer via protein biomarker analysis, remote monitoring which is frictionless and much more. These are all very innovative innovations that are related to the health care(Urhuogo, et al., 2013).
2. Advanced Virtual Reality: This innovation also exists at the very commercial level. Nevertheless, it might become more advanced by becoming more developed in helping and supporting the people to enhance their memories or even wellbeing mentally. There are actually lots of benefits that come from the virtual reality. Void and Virtalis like companies are supporting public in experiencing the new dimensions and things without limits.

There is a very big risk involved in artificial intelligence. It can easily be programmed to do something devastating. Weapons that are autonomous can be programmed to kill someone. If this technology and innovation goes in the hands of the wrong person or a criminal mind then it can prove to be very hazardous to the mass. Additionally, AI arms race can lead to AI wars which also results in the mass casualties (Wei, 2017).

The Risks Involved in Artificial Intelligence

On the other hand, even when AI is automated to do something useful, it can cultivate a damaging way of attaining the objective. This might happen when one fails to completely align the artificial intelligence goals with the mass which is very difficult. In simple terms, the instructions given by the human being can be understood in a very adverse way which can cause damage to the mass.

• The first impact comes on our homes. The smart connected appliance is exactly what public think of when it comes to hearing of IOT. People always imagine the intelligent house which is programmed for saving the energy and makes the life even more convenient.
• IOT would always have a huge impact on the waste management. With the support of amalgamation of light, heat and AC which reacts to humans, lots of money can be saved on the bills that people pay.
• People commute daily for their work etc. For example: if a person has left the home keys at home – then one’s house will tell inform him the same. Then the car of that person will understand the whole approach and open themselves through a sensor in the phones. The detection of the traffic intelligently will allow the device to direct people to the shortest way to work or even home.

There are several impacts of medical innovations too in terms of the Information Systems. They are:

• Digitalization of the health Records: With the introduction of the EHR’s i.e. electronic health records have been the total game changer for most of the health care professionals. The assistants in the medical field, the medical records and the information of health technicians (MRHIT’s), medical billing and professionals of coding and nurses are some of the major roles of healthcare which are impacted by this type of implementation. 
• Enhanced Patient Care: The electronic health records can automatically give the alert to the physician who is treating the patient about the potential issues like allergies or intolerances for some particular medicines. The EHR’s can be accessed in any of the medical facility that is very useful of the doctors for accessing their medical history.
• Lower Health Care costs: With the help of the electronic health records, the cost of the patient care is reduced by 3%. The amount estimates to approximately $5.13 in savings per patient each month which is a huge difference(Correia, et al., 2013).

Physical Impacts: There is one of the biggest issues with this innovation is the motion sickness. It is really not known to people that to suffer from nausea when they spend certain time with the virtual atmosphere and that is because of the impacts in the change in the insight has on balance.  The balance of the human is disturbed by the changes that occurs in the internal ear and that outcomes in the moods of nausea most frequently when it is experienced by the people when they travel on a ship or any other medium.

Time Constraint: There is yet another issue with the virtual reality is time. It actually takes a lot of time for developing a virtual atmosphere that may not be very good news for any of the commercial enterprise desiring to invest in virtual reality. Time is actually money when it comes to the business world. Most of the virtual reality firms use and adopts new forms of technology from some other sources that means that they are dependent on these (Hussein, 2007).

It was found that organizational factors play vital role in the success of IS. Lu & Wang in the year 1997 used style of management as the measure of the firm context (Rezaei, et al., 2009). Ang and Davis in 2001 found the factors of organization that manipulates or influences the usage of IT as the structure of organization, size of the organization, IT knowledge, support of top management, resources from financial point of view, objectives alignment and budget method.

Some if the researchers in the year 2002 and even before that perceived the usefulness which are connected to the individual effects because they are founded on the few of the concepts to which McLean and DeLone, the researchers, linked the individual impacts like improved individual productivity. There were five constructs which were found as the individual impact on the information systems. They are system quality, information quality, perceived usefulness, user satisfaction and system use (Allahyari, et al., 2013).

Key Impacts of Medical Innovations in Information Systems

There can be some of the management factors too which can impact internally in the success of the information systems. Hospitals are strong info turned firms & pay huge amount of money for the processing and organization of the intelligence. Some of the factors that impact is:

• There is a lack of apt information of the system predictors and the designers on the conventional systems of HR.
• Absence of enough information of supervisors as well as the consumers on the ability of the software systems.
• Conventional approaches to the growth of systems and the absence of sharp details on needs(Stucki, 2009).
• The deficiency of important standards for introduction of the systems.
• Shortage of culture of the usage of the resources(Kaur, 2013).

Some of the technological factors are like involvement of the managers in the system design and also the implementation and the availability of the support in terms of technical factors. The involvement of the manager in the growth and the development of the information systems and technology is a very critical thing for the implementation of any of the systems successfully. The supporting terms of technical includes the availability of the centers for manager help and also the directions. There were studies done which claimed that technological factors are very vital as they affect the attitudes of the manager and the usage of the information systems (Kimiafar, et al., 2015).

In the success of the information systems, environment also plays a very vital role. Globalization is increasing day after day and this can easily impact the technology as well. Environmental factors is very much related to the social factors. It is just like communicating people with the technology and this way technology can bring people closer. As the competition is growing, information technology can be impacted in a negative way too. With lots and lots of competition, one cannot deal with the environment that is filled with the variety of the factors (Buruncuk & Gulser, 2013).

With the implantation perspective of the information systems, the political factors are the ones which are very vital. The government of the country generally restricts the operations of the organization and this thing can have negative impacts on the information systems implementation. At the same time, the policies of the government could create an optimistic environment for the implementation (Goyal, et al., 2010).

• The firms should focus on just one implementation of the IT at a time. This way the complexity of that particular technology could be focussed on.
• The firms should always focus on the adoption of the technology by people of the organization. If the people in the firm uses that particular technology, then only it could be successful in long term(Robertson, 2018).
• The benefits of the information systems should be visible by the people and they should also be tangible so that it can be changed or moulded at any time.
• The firm should not just focus and change their operations on the basis of the technology rather they should be able to see the needs of the projects.
• There should always be multiple changes being done ion the firms whenever needed so that good decisions could be easily taken when the company needs them the most and this can help the firm in the long term as well in the usage of the technology.
• The leadership in the implementation of the IS should be very strong.
• The firm should always look for the risks beforehand and mitigate them in the process only so that the IS could be effectively used.
• There should always be effective and intense communication in between the employees and the managers.
• The experience of the user counts the most so this should be taken care off.

Conclusion

The implementation of the technology has always been complex and ever changing and has never been easy. There always come the challenges in the agreement of the projects with new approaches in order to succeed. This report focusses on the information systems definition and the factors that impact information systems implementation and the usage as well. There are many factors that are internal and external both when it comes to the impact of the information technology. There are recommendations given in the end of the report that firms can use so that they can use the information systems and implement them effectively. Some of the examples are also given of the information systems which exists in the world and have become very popular in today’s world.

Factors Affecting the Success of Information Systems

References

Allahyari, A., Garabaghi, F. & Ramazani, M., 2013. Examine the Effect of Social Factors on Information Technology Acceptance in Accounting Profession by Using TAM Model. Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 12(11).

Boell, S. K., 2015. What is an Information System? Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.

Buruncuk, G. & Gulser, Z. G., 2013. Factors Affecting Implementation of Information Systems Success and Failure. [Online]
Available at: https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.198.8912&rep=rep1&type=pdf
[Accessed 14 July 2018].

Cag, D., 2018. 11 Amazing Examples of Disruptive Technology. [Online]
Available at: https://richtopia.com/emerging-technologies/11-disruptive-technology-examples
[Accessed 13 July 2018].

Correia, R. B. 2013. The Use of Information Systems in Health Care Facilities: A Brazilian Case. Journal of Technology Management and Innovation, Volume 8.

Ensou, H. S. & Alinizi, T. M., 2014. The impact of management informationsystems(mis) technologies on thequality of servicesprovided at theuniversity of tabuk. International Journal of Network Security & Its Applications, 6(2).

Goyal, E., Purohit, S. & Bhagat, M., 2010. Factors that affect information and communication technology usage: a case study in management education. Journal of Information Technology Management, 21(4), p. 2010.

Hussein, R., 2007. The impact of technological factors on information systems success in the electronic-government context. Business Process Management Journal, 13(5), pp. 613-627.

Karim, A. J., 2011. The significance of management information systems for enhancing strategic and tactical planning. Journal of Information Systems and Technology Management , 8(2), pp. 459-470.

Kaur, B. P., 2013. Exploration of Success Factors of Information System. International Journal of Computer Science Issues, 10(1).

Kimiafar, K., Sarbaz, M., Sheikhtaheri, A. & Azizi, A., 2015. The Impact of Management Factors on the Success and Failure of Health Information Systems. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 8(27).

Niu, J., 2016. Global Research on Artificial Intelligence from 1990–2014: Spatially-Explicit Bibliometric Analysis. International Journal of Geo Information, 5(66).

Rezaei, A., Asadi, A., Rezvanfar, A. & Hassanshahi, H., 2009. The impact of organizational factors on management information system success: An investigation in the Iran’s agricultural extension providers. The International Information & Library Review, Volume 41, pp. 163-172.

Robertson, J., 2018. 10 principles of effective information management. [Online]
Available at: https://www.steptwo.com.au/papers/kmc_effectiveim/
[Accessed 14 July 2018].

Stucki, A., 2009. Internal and External Factors Influencing the Implementation and Diffusion of the Open Innovation Models:. [Online]
Available at: https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/142841/files/PaperGPREN_astucki.pdf
[Accessed 14 July 2018].

Urhuogo, I., Vann, V. & Chandan, H. C., 2013. Global Information Systems Innovation: Healthcare Digital Records. Journal of Business Studies, 4(3).

Wei, X., 2017. The application and development of artificial intelligence in smart clothing. International Conference on Robotics and Mechantronics , Volume 320.