Discuss about the Readability Assessment of Online Patient Resources.
From the case study there are several factors that lead to the assessment and monitoring of Rainey, who has complications. Rainey shows different types of symptoms ranging from high blood pressure, flu-like symptoms and severe chest pains. Following the above symptoms, it is advisable to take an assessment of cardiovascular disease.
The proposed assessment is supposed to help us determine if Rainey is infected with the cardiovascular disease. This particular case when a patient is experiencing the chest pain and it’s cardiac in nature. The following procedural assessment will be taken in the calm and controlled manner
The sequence is important since the information from the first process is supposed to help in other preceding processes. All the processes should be professional since one process affects the process in the rest of them. The sequence includes questioning, analysis, findings, and evaluation of the result and formulation of a care plan for the patient.
Positioning or provoking factors; the procedure in this assessment seeks to find out factors that lead to the chest pains. It also seeks to know at which position the pain take parts the most. The questions asked in this procedure include;
The change in position should not change the pain if it’s the cardiovascular disease. The change in position only affects disease that is related to the muscles of the body. Therefore this procedure is supposed to help us determine the possible outcome in terms of changing position. In case the position change leads to the change, then we consider dismissing the presence of cardiovascular infection.
The quality is supposed to help us determine the way that it pains:
Pain that is described from the upper part of the chest, middle and the substernal region of the chest is said to be a crushing pain in its quality. Most of the pains related to the cardiovascular disease are from this substernal region. This pain might at times vary according to every patient. Some patients show silent pains while others the classical substernal chest pain.
Radiation. The pain can stay at the chest only or moves from place to place. The movement of such pain is referred to us radiation. Determined by the following question.
Patients with cardiovascular disease have pains radiating from the chest to another body including. The shoulders and arms, the neck and jaw, the anterior part of the chest. Patients with cardiovascular infections are likely to describe their pain around the jaw and feeling like a dull toothache. Some may describe the radiation as a band capturing the ribs.
This procedure seeks to find the extent of which the infection is causing the point to the patient. It also seeks to find any others symptoms that might have been brought through the main symptom. The questions to be asked include;
Accompanying symptoms of the cardiovascular disease, nausea, vomiting, and diaphoresis. The patient may also experience dizziness and a state of feeling scared.
The exact duration of the pains before another factor happens. What is the procedure of the time, either continuous, starting and stopping or rapid?
The questions asked at this stage include;
For the cardiovascular disease, the pain lasts for up to 30 minutes if the factor is relieved. The pain of cardiovascular disease is not usually intermittent.
After the question, the next sequence is to analyze the history of the disease. The analysis is done through analysis and deductions. The history is compared to other previous diseases
From the health history of the case study. Of the disease, I would ask the following question that would help me determine the correspondence in terms of the cardiovascular disease.
When did the pain start? According to Rainey, she had not known the exact time it had taken. According to this, it’s difficult to predict the time the pains usually take. If it was more than thirty minutes we could have predicted the first symptom of the cardiovascular disease that takes more than thirty minutes with continuous pain (Howatson-Jones, Standing and Roberts 2015).
The second question I would ask is where the pain originates from. The pain originates from the chest of Rainey in the case study. This will help me predict where the pain is projected, as normally chest pains are a sign of vascular diseases.
Is there anything that makes the pain better? Would be the next question I ask? The question will help me predict the presence of the respiratory diseases and muscles diseases. Since position change can be caused by muscles. Rainey doesn’t have anything that makes the pain better.
What makes the pain worse? If there are any factors that perhaps make the pain worst will help predict factors that can be used to control the pain in the future. Rainey mostly experiences the pains after strenuous activity.
What were you doing when the pain started? This will enable me as a doctor know the provocation that leads to the chest pains (Venek, Scherer, Morency and Pestian 2017). Provocations that owe to the environment of which the patient was, it’s easy to predict if it is an allergic reaction or an asthmatic attack. If she was taking part in the strenuous activity and has not been doing so before that would be a sign of cardiovascular disease. In the case of Rainey after having picked by the neighbor, she was just lying at the floor. This makes difficult to know the immediate factor.
Can the patient describe the pain or discomfort? The question will help determine the quality of the disease. Rainey describes her chest pain qualitatively as crushing chest pain. This pains can be described as substernal, this will help predict if the chest affects the heart area.
Where else does the pain extend to? When the pain extends from the original place, it separates the asthmatic diseases from the cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular diseases have the habit of moving from the chest point to the jaw. The movement if not then the problem can be a respiratory problem. Rainey has her pains radiating to her jaws and neck region.
Apart from the chest any other symptoms that come with it. Accompanying symptoms like experiencing nausea, vomiting, and diaphoresis. The inquiry of accompanying symptoms help in knowing whether the disease is blood-related or heart-related. Hypotension could be a sign of diabetes rather than the cardiovascular disease (Guazzi et al. 2016). Rainey from the case study as she was being transported to the better health facility.
This question will enable us to know the accurate effects of the disease in relation to time. If it has gotten worse since the time it began or has it lessen the pain. If the pain has taken more than five minutes, then the problem could be cardiovascular rather than respiratory. The time helps us predict the action time of the infection. Rainey admitted that the infection only began recently, not after three months.
Is it continuous? The question helps grade the working system of the disease, for very continuous disease then the problem is therefore not a pathogen or allergic triggered. It, therefore, could be from the heart or blood sugar related. Rainey complained of continuous chest pains that don’t stop.
How old are you? The age help describe the risk factor of the patient getting exposed to the disease. The older persons from age of 35 and above are high risk to get infected than a younger person. Rainey is 64 years old. At this age Rainey could be admitted for cardiovascular disease as her predisposing factor.
Is there any person in the family history that has been infected before? The reason for this question is getting to know the particular diseases that are genetically transmitted. It is then easier to assess the effects of the disease in terms of the genetical risk that can cause it. Rainey both parents died from heart attack. This raises an eyebrow to the disease being genetically transmitted.
The responses from the question in the first sequence will lead to the analyzing the health history, the clinical assessment and relate the findings to the pathophysiology of the suspected disease.
The age of the patient. One of the risk factors for the cardiovascular disease is the age factor. From the database of the government, most people at the age of 35 and above are easily affected by the cardiovascular disease due to reduced cells activities (Lindörfer and Mansmann 2015). The age risk factor increases with the older an individual get. In the case study, Rainey is likely to be affected by the cardiovascular disease since she is 64 years old an age that exposes her to the disease (Watt and Crowe 2018).
The history of the family. If there is a previous family member that has ever been affected by the cardiovascular disease, it’s easier to predict that the disease is genetically transmitted. Especially to people who might have died in the family before the age of 40 from heart attacks, stroke, and many others. The case of Rainey it is likely that she has inherited the disease from one of the parents. Both parents have passed on due to a heart attack as a sign of cardiovascular infection.
Another finding is the presence of chest pain. The chest pain from cardiovascular disease is normally at the front part referred to as retrosternal. The pain can spread to places like the jaw, neck, abdomen, left or right arm and the back. For Rainey in the case study. Complaining of chest pains that extends to her finer jaw and neck. This brings the possibility of cardiovascular infection even nearer.
The next finding is the presence of associated symptoms. The presence of associated symptoms is a sign of the cardiovascular infection. The symptoms include nausea, vomit, and associated cough. The fact that Rainey experienced a vomit on the way to the hospital creates a strong basis for the possibility of the cardiovascular infection.
The last finding from the history is the present is the rating of the chest pain. The chest pains that last for more than 15 minutes and has a rating of 9 out of 10. This kind of quality of pain and the extended duration it takes is the likelihood of cardiovascular infection.
After realizing the possibility of the infection being cardiovascular, an evaluation is done to the patient where a few blood tests are taken to confirm that the infection is present. The test was taken at this process include;
Cholesterol test: blood pressure reading, homocysteine test, electrocardiogram, and echocardiogram. These test evaluations are carried out in no particular order but will eventually give the desired results. For cholesterol, the test is done to the blood. The presence of good cholesterol is HDL. The higher the level of this kind of cholesterol the better (van Til and IJzerman 2014). The second type LDL should be lower to avoid such infections as cardiovascular disease. From the case study. Rainey’s test of cholesterol shows high levels of the LDL and the very low levels of that HDL. This confirms our fear that the patient could be infected with the cardiovascular disease (Huang et al. 2015).
The next evaluation is that of blood pressure: The blood pressure of Rainey in the case study reads up to 160/100. The high rates of blood pressure different from the normal of about 100/80 is a sign of infection of the cardiovascular infection. This confirms that our patient might be infected.
The next evaluation is that of the electrocardiogram: This is where the heart is tested for its activity. The evaluation is done while the patient is done is on a treadmill. When the heart activity is slow it’s a sign of infection. When the ECG test shows the ST is elevated like for the case in the study. We, therefore, realize that there is a risk of infection.
From the above evaluation, it is beyond reasonable doubt that, Rainey our patient is suffering from a cardiovascular infection. The evaluation has proven positive in all the essential test, it therefore follows that we give her measures and prescription that will help her heal.
During the period of admission , Rainey should be sent to emergent cardiac catheterization, she is then send for stent thrombosis and the heart will be re-vascularized .a 2 drugs eluting stent will also help maintain the heart activity.
We will then introduce Rainey to work up activities. At this stage antibiotic medications like aspirin, Lisinopril, atenolol, atorvastatin, furosemide, and potassium are administered incorrect quantity. At the time of her discharge, Rainey should be given increased levels of aspirin, clopidogrel, and a change in atenolol dose (Villarroya, Arezes, Díaz-Freijo and Fraga 2016).
Before Rainey’s discharge, I would advise for the following change in lifestyle. She should avoid certain things and endorse others that include.
Avoid use of drugs and substances; smoking weakens the heart making it weak to cardiovascular attack, hence Rainey should avoid provocation that includes alcohol, tobacco and any form of smoking (Kim, Kim and Kim 2014).
Obesity; Acute weight increase may indicate fluid retention that will hinder the activity of the heart. It can even cause heart failure. Rainey should now reduce her sedentary lifestyle to avoid getting obese.
Diet; expose to particular foods can trigger the blood pressure of the body, Rainey should therefore, take low sugar diet.
Exercise, investing in exercise ensures activity of the heart. Therefore Rainey should do frequent exercises, especially in the mornings and evenings. It is best to quantify the exercises as strenuous activities can also lead to provocation. Example walking 50 yards a session.in the mornings and evenings
Occupation; the occupation should not be sedentary, there should be exercise and strength during the work. If it is active, then to what levels? This could also be a trigger if the life is sedentary and has introduced an active type of job (Schroeder et al. 2016).now that Rainey doesn’t have a job she should invest more in her exercises.
Stress and stress levels; stress can be a trigger if not managed properly. Stress can be at times very intense. This will infect the blood pulse rate and therefore affect the blood going to the heart. This can trigger the heart functional system. Therefore they can trigger a heart attack and failure (D’Arco et al. 2017). Since Rainey had seen the parents die through the same, she should avoid that at all cost.
Adherence to drugs: Rainey is given drugs to take during the set medical period. She has to take the drugs. Failure of adherence triggers lipid increase that causes blockage of arteries, this is a trigger to cardiovascular disease.
References
D’Arco, F., O’Hare, P., Dashti, F., Lassaletta, A., Loka, T., Bouffet, E., Tabori, U., Thust, S., Messalli, G., Hales, P. and Laughlin, S., 2017. D2. 1 Volumetric assessment of tumour size changes in paediatric low grade gliomas: comparison with linear measurements and implications for determining response to therapy.
Guazzi, M., Arena, R., Halle, M., Piepoli, M.F., Myers, J. and Lavie, C.J., 2016. 2016 Focused update: clinical recommendations for cardiopulmonary exercise testing data assessment in specific patient populations. Circulation, 133(24), pp.e694-e711.
Howatson-Jones, L., Standing, M. and Roberts, S., 2015. Patient Assessment and Care Planning in Nursing. Learning Matters.
Huang, G., Fang, C.H., Agarwal, N., Bhagat, N., Eloy, J.A. and Langer, P.D., 2015. Assessment of online patient education materials from major ophthalmologic associations. JAMA ophthalmology, 133(4), pp.449-454.
Kim, L., Kim, J.A. and Kim, S., 2014. A guide for the utilization of health insurance review and assessment service national patient samples. Epidemiology and health, 36.
Landrigan, C.P., Stockwell, D., Toomey, S.L., Loren, S., Tracy, M., Jang, J., Quinn, J.A., Ashrafzadeh, S., Wang, M., Sharek, P.J. and Parry, G., 2016. Performance of the global assessment of pediatric patient safety (GAPPS) tool. Pediatrics, 137(6), p.e20154076.
Lindörfer, D. and Mansmann, U., 2015. A comprehensive assessment tool for patient registry software systems: the CIPROS checklist. Methods Inf Med, 54(5), pp.447-454.
Molony, D.S., Timmins, L.H., Hung, O.Y., Rasoul-Arzrumly, E., Samady, H. and Giddens, D.P., 2015. An assessment of intra-patient variability on observed relationships between wall shear stress and plaque progression in coronary arteries. Biomedical engineering online, 14(1), p.S2.
Morton, P.G., Fontaine, D., Hudak, C.M. and Gallo, B.M., 2017. Critical care nursing: a holistic approach (p. 1056). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Orbai, A.M., Bartlett, S., Duncan, T., de Leon, E., Jones, M. and Bingham, C.O., 2014. AB0741 Multidimensional Health Related Quality of Life Assessment Using PROMIS (Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System) Measures in Psoriatic Arthritis Flares. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 73, p.1048.
Ricci, J.A., Vargas, C.R., Chuang, D.J., Lin, S.J. and Lee, B.T., 2015. Readability assessment of online patient resources for breast augmentation surgery. Plastic and reconstructive surgery, 135(6), pp.1573-1579.
Schroeder, D.L., Hoffman, L.A., Fioravanti, M., Medley, D.P., Zullo, T.G. and Tuite, P.K., 2016. Enhancing nurses’ pain assessment to improve patient satisfaction. Orthopaedic Nursing, 35(2), pp.108-117.
Venek, V., Scherer, S., Morency, L.P. and Pestian, J., 2017. Adolescent suicidal risk assessment in clinician-patient interaction. IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing, 8(2), pp.204-215.
Villarroya, A., Arezes, P., Díaz-Freijo, S. and Fraga, F., 2016. Comparison between five risk assessment methods of patient handling. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 52, pp.100-108.
Watt, S. and Crowe, S.F., 2018. Examining the beneficial effect of neuropsychological assessment on adult patient outcomes: a systematic review. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 32(3), pp.368-390.
Fryearson, J., Edwards, N.C., Doshi, S.N. and Steeds, R.P., 2016. The role of TTE in assessment of the patient before and following TAVI for AS. Echo research and practice, 3(2), pp.R19-R34. van Til, J.A. and IJzerman, M.J., 2014. Why should regulators consider using patient preferences in benefit-risk assessment?.
Essay Writing Service Features
Our Experience
No matter how complex your assignment is, we can find the right professional for your specific task. Contact Essay is an essay writing company that hires only the smartest minds to help you with your projects. Our expertise allows us to provide students with high-quality academic writing, editing & proofreading services.
Free Features
Free revision policy
$10Free bibliography & reference
$8Free title page
$8Free formatting
$8How Our Essay Writing Service Works
First, you will need to complete an order form. It's not difficult but, in case there is anything you find not to be clear, you may always call us so that we can guide you through it. On the order form, you will need to include some basic information concerning your order: subject, topic, number of pages, etc. We also encourage our clients to upload any relevant information or sources that will help.
Complete the order form
Once we have all the information and instructions that we need, we select the most suitable writer for your assignment. While everything seems to be clear, the writer, who has complete knowledge of the subject, may need clarification from you. It is at that point that you would receive a call or email from us.
Writer’s assignment
As soon as the writer has finished, it will be delivered both to the website and to your email address so that you will not miss it. If your deadline is close at hand, we will place a call to you to make sure that you receive the paper on time.
Completing the order and download