Sustainable Climatic Change Adaptation Plan – A Discussion On Melbourne’s Climate Conditions

Impact of Climate Change on Melbourne’s Climate Conditions

Question:

Discuss About The Sustainable Climatic Change Adaptation Plan?

Climatic change is the critical determinant that ensures the sustainable condition of life. From 1850, the mean global temperature has increased in a systematical manner by the effect of burning fossil fuel and greenhouse gasses. The change in mankind, agriculture, food, behavior, location, cost, preservation, conservation, speed and the relativity of technology all these are critical aspects which are connected with the adaptive change in climatic conditions. The report shed light on the climatic condition of Melbourne, a city of Australia. The zero-emission strategy of their municipality commission has impacted over the global change in the environment in Australia. Climate change is a risk for the sustainable climatic condition thus their focus and commitment has imposed over the progressive nature of adaptation procedure. The industrious revolution, food accessibility, food system all these are changed by the time and that expected change is come because of that weather condition. In this report, the discussion over a change in the climatic conditions in Australia and the position over the risk orientation with it show in an illustrious view so that adaptive measures are being taken.

Different weather systems are persisted in Australia that affects the natural environment and significant climate features in changed atmospheric conditions. Melbourne is situated at the southern part of city center. The greenery and the forest accumulation mad ethe city fresher and have no issue regarding the climatic change. The phase of El Nino provides extensive warming due to the effect of coastal Pacific Ocean, the average rainfall is being set as the cooling and water supply is being related by the process. Vision over the climatic change in Melbourne has adapted by several goals and principles. The Indian Ocean also provides a certain effect in Australian climatic change (Vardoulakis et al. 2014). Sea surface temperature has been noted as high by the influence of Indian Ocean. The technical report has given from CSIRO has illustrated the estimation of seasons, rainfalls, temperatures and humidity. In Melbourne, four climatic changes are found that must get a significant impact on the potential climatic conditions. The condition of decline rainfall and drought situation can make a huge impact on the climatic situation of Melbourne. The declaration of annual rainfall in rainy days considered a huge fall as in 2030 the percentage of declaration will 6% and in 2070 the declining percentage will be 10- 19%.  The rise of annual temperature will have a sudden increase of 0.3 to 1.0-degree celsius and 0.6 to 2.5-degree celsius by 2050. The rainfall intensity has got an increase of 0.9% by 2030 and 3.0 to 5.9% by 2070.  Thus, combustion of green house gases, burning influence of fossil fuel and industrial revolution has made a greater impact over the atmosphere (Wroe et al. 2013). Rainfall circulation is the peak in the tropical zone and decrease of rainfall in eastern and southern Australia. Sea level has risen almost 1.4 mm per year and extreme fire weather days have increased in 2010 and onwards. The depth of snow is decreasing by the time and intensity of the temperature and records are being set from 2013 onwards.

Risk Orientation and Adaptation Measures

The change in a climatic system is noticed and as the 90% of extra energy is being produced by the accumulated climatic change thus long-term surface temperature is sustained which is exactly not required for the country. The major challenge in Melbourne climatic adaptation is risk management and the effective strategies to mitigate this. There are some critical areas where water supply is the concern risk factor because of reduced rainfall. There is some extreme temperature rise of Melbourne that affected the average high temperature of 7-degree centigrade (VanDerWal et al. 2013). There are some key changes that make a considerable change in the climatic condition in Australia.

• The expected growth in emissions that impacted over the agriculture, ecosystem and biodiversity in Australia.
• There are certain obligations where global climate change adaptation is the key aspect to indulge in.
• The adverse impact of climatic changes in Pacific and Asia has impacted over the climatic condition over Australia.
• The effective global mitigation policies and expected IPCC projection have based on the examined point of view of impactful results regarding the climatic changes.

In the World Food Summit in 1996, the declaration of the food supply is asserted as the nutritious and healthy food intake is the dietary need and preference of the people. People should intake the healthy and safe food. If food system has been changed by the influence of climatic change than the insecurities over the food metabolism and the potential impact of the food insecure countries have evolved in a greater way. Food supply has been depending on the three segmentation of food analysis. These are the availability of food, trend, and level of food and variability of access and supplies of food (Urban 2015). Health, hygiene, and consumption all these are related to the food supply and nutritional process of the system. Refugees’ policies and imposed penalties are implemented to save the refugees from the external disturbance. However, the climatic change forces the refugees to move their place and roam for the better and suitable places. The impact of high temperature and the extreme prediction of annual temperature growth in Melbourne have projected in the scenario. There are some immigration activities that curtailed the population percentage and retained the facility for the children and women. Community placement, work right problem, case support accession, security assessment these all are the denied proximal vividness that impacted over the refugee movements (Taylor et al. 2013). ABF Act implemented effect from 1^st July 2015 to precede the immigration process in an ethical way [Refer to Appendix 3].  

Climate change in 2020 or 2050 is assumed as the most drastic change in environment. The way global warming is engrossing and the consistent contributions of greenhouse effect are carried over the mitigation of these things are quite challenging for the world. Melbourne has considered that mitigate the warming of 5% within 2020. This is a challenging task as the trajectory range of warming is increasing at an average by 40 to 60 % in the global aspect. Hence, risk behind the cost disruption and assumed climatic change can make the better impact over the next generation. There are certain climate models like temporal resolution and spatial resolution which offers calculative calmative variables and horizontal grid of determining longitude and latitude specification on a change in climate. The equitation mathematical representation analysis with grid variation and progression of climate model has emphasized on the parallel changes in restoration and temporal understanding on the improved scenario of climatic changes (Change et al. 2014). Other forms of risk management included the two scenarios in global change. The first one is high emission scenario and the other is very low emission scenario. The affected scenarios in this aspect are land surface, Biosphere, atmosphere, and ocean where the evaporation from land and evaporation from Ocean has happened in a drastic way. In such cases, heavier rain periods have seen thereafter. Flooding increases bushfires and sea level rise is the accused scenario for these situations (Howes et al. 2015).

Food System and Immigration policies

Adaptation plans need to be taken for controlling the measure and define the probable climatic extension so that life can sustain in this earth. In Australia, annual rainfall, wind projection, temperature issues all these can be controlled by the two adaptive strategies management. The infrastructure of the country may have been designed in a better way so that climatic effects may mitigate in a bit (Adger et al. 2013). The next adaptation strategies are agriculture, this is one of the most important and effective strategies that must be implemented in a right manner so that in this global warming arena normal atmosphere sustain in the desired way. Current climate condition and appraising the adoption plans are important for the sections development as well as multilateral environmental facts (Leonard et al. 2013). Capacity gap and assessing the development need in climate versatilities are important to make strategies so that risk can be mitigated. National Adaptation Plan (NAP) is essential understanding to make stocktaking on the climate change, as the addressing climatic changes are sensitive enough to deal with the technical capacity and co-benefit adaptation. Implementation strategies like promoting coordination and regional level of synergy have to be planned in an ethical way so that enhancement of appropriate strategy must implement to sustain good environment culture of the environment. In case of initiating or launching a process of NAP, legitimate climatically change and developed measure can serve the public awareness as well (Wheeler, Zuo and Bjornlund 2013). Therefore, adaptive policies are must be taken for strengthening the cooperative activities and for the evaluation performances to support the conventional process of mitigating the effect of climatic changes.

Conclusion

Therefore, the report can be concluded that changing climate is an important issue that creates a great impact on all the aspects of Melbourne. The reason may be global warming of the greenhouse gas inflation in the world but the sufferer is always the lively once. The depth of snow decline as well as the rain in some parts, some parts of Australia is flooded through. So the contrasting scenario is presented for that reason. Sea level rise or the frequent hotter climatic change has made a hint of imbalance situation in the atmosphere. Thus in future, the whole world and Melbourne too can surface a big trouble to mitigate that. Hence, to avoid such consequences, proper planning and adaptation policies are taken for the developed and systematic change in climate.

References:

Adger, W.N., Barnett, J., Brown, K., Marshall, N. and O’Brien, K., 2013. Cultural dimensions of climate change impacts and adaptation. Nature Climate Change, 3(2), p.112.

Change, I.P.O.C., 2014. IPCC. Climate change.

Howes, M., Tangney, P., Reis, K., Grant-Smith, D., Heazle, M., Bosomworth, K. and Burton, P., 2015. Towards networked governance: improving interagency communication and collaboration for disaster risk management and climate change adaptation in Australia. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 58(5), pp.757-776.

Leonard, S., Parsons, M., Olawsky, K. and Kofod, F., 2013. The role of culture and traditional knowledge in climate change adaptation: Insights from East Kimberley, Australia. Global Environmental Change, 23(3), pp.623-632.

Taylor, R.G., Scanlon, B., Döll, P., Rodell, M., Van Beek, R., Wada, Y., Longuevergne, L., Leblanc, M., Famiglietti, J.S., Edmunds, M. and Konikow, L., 2013. Ground water and climate change. Nature Climate Change, 3(4), p.322.

Urban, M.C., 2015. Accelerating extinction risk from climate change. Science, 348(6234), pp.571-573.

VanDerWal, J., Murphy, H.T., Kutt, A.S., Perkins, G.C., Bateman, B.L., Perry, J.J. and Reside, A.E., 2013. Focus on poleward shifts in species’ distribution underestimates the fingerprint of climate change. Nature Climate Change, 3(3), p.239.

Vardoulakis, S., Dear, K., Hajat, S., Heaviside, C., Eggen, B. and McMichael, A.J., 2014. Comparative assessment of the effects of climate change on heat-and cold-related mortality in the United Kingdom and Australia. Environmental health perspectives, 122(12), p.1285.

Wheeler, S., Zuo, A. and Bjornlund, H., 2013. Farmers’ climate change beliefs and adaptation strategies for a water scarce future in Australia. Global Environmental Change, 23(2), pp.537-547.

Wroe, S., Field, J.H., Archer, M., Grayson, D.K., Price, G.J., Louys, J., Faith, J.T., Webb, G.E., Davidson, I. and Mooney, S.D., 2013. Climate change frames debate over the extinction of megafauna in Sahul (Pleistocene Australia-New Guinea). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110(22), pp.8777-8781.