The report deals with the illustrations regarding the ethical dilemmas that are faced by in various situations in various organizations. The report also covers the analysis of different aspects of the circumstances in different organizations that provide with enhanced comprehension of the issues (Castro, 2016).
The scenario of the employment of child labour in the production of Uzbek cotton is illustrated in this case. The main actors in the cotton exports, the approaches by the western countries, the success rate of these approaches, a contribution of these countries, and my own approaches are described in this case.
The main actors in the cotton industries are government and farmers of different countries that manufacture cotton and the countries to which cotton is exported. the main players in the export and import of cotton are India, Australia, UK, Uzbekistan, Bangladesh, Brazil. The production of yarn where mixing of cotton is done with other fibers is avoided or done as needed. The bales of cotton are formed after the mixing of cotton. These bales are then categorized for the various uses and exported to various countries (Ferrell, Fraedrich& Ferrell, 2015).
The Western brands inculcated the approaches of banning of imports of cotton from Uzbek in the context of violation of human rights in the supply chain of cotton by Uzbek such as Swedish chain H&M, Tesco, Marks & Spencer, Gap and Levi’s, etc. It was done in order to put an end to the exploitation of the children and put an end to the child labor during the manufacturing of cotton. Hence, the Western brands had denied the acceptance of any import of cotton by Uzbek till the end of child labor (Floyd, et al., 2013).
This approach was not successful to a greater extent as the child labor rate did not reduce in the country. The major importers of the cotton of Uzbek are Russia and India and the market expansion regarding the exports is to China, Bangladesh, and South Korea. Hence, the approach of a boycott was not successful.
The Western countries had contributed significantly their ethical responsibilities and duties regarding the cease of the child labor by implementing ban strategy. Appealing to the Human Rights Organization is an effective measure to be taken in regards to the issue.
I would have approached the Human Rights Organization and would have brought the matter into notice regarding the eradication of child and forced labor. At the same time, I would have made efforts in spreading awareness regarding the eradication of child exploitation at the grassroots levels (Giacalone&Promislo, 2013).
The implementation of the Code of Ethics, in this case, would be very much applicable as the countries could have to abide by the regulations and policies against child labor. The possibilities and scope for the implementation of the universal code of ethics are very broad.
In this case, the operation and manufacturing of a toy making company in Thailand are described. There is ethical issues hovering in the company are associated with the involvement of the children along with the whole family in the manufacturing of the toys. As a production manager of a confectionery company, it is required to make a decision regarding the signing up of a contract with the toy making company which employs numerous families including the children in the families for its manufacturing process. Thus, the manager faces the ethical dilemma regarding whtheer to materialize the contract (Hahn &Lülfs, 2014).
Being in the position of the product manager of the confectionery company, I would have been surprised with the process of production of the toys by the Thai manufacturer which involves the children in the manufacturing process. I would definitely have considered making a visit to the production unit of the company to have an idea regarding the way the production process occurs in the company before making the decision. I would have definitely surprised by the way the manufacturing process is being carried out in the organization in the absence if the material infrastructure of the company. It is very much surprising that the labour force which works in making toys for the company basically comprises of the local families that reaches the gate of the company at 6 am every morning to collect the raw materials to make the toys to their homes where the entire family is engaged in making the toys (Helin, 2013). The mtheod in which the company produces the toys is very much efficient and effective without any particular manufacturing infrastructure would definitely surprise me.
Being in the profile of the product manager of the company, my immediate decision regarding the finalizing of the deal regarding the sourcing of the toys to the Confectionery Company would be in positive orientation. My judgments would be influenced by the way the company produces high quality of toys without the actual material infrastructure which is very limited. This denotes that if the workforce is supplied with infrastructural facilities, the company would be able to manufacture various products in a more enhanced way. I would have materialized the deal and would have placed the first order of toys to be sent to the confectionery company (Khanyile& Green, 2016). I can very well relate to my own individual values and morals which basically are based on my conscience which are relevant in this case. My decisions have always based on my conscience, be it professional or personal matters. Taking any decision that is against the permission of my conscience has never turned out neither to be fruitful or profitable. Thus, in this case also I would have followed my conscience and would have a conversation about convincing him to prohibit children from participating in the manufacturing process even in the families that are involved.
A set of universal code of ethics is very important in this case which could have materialized the policies and regulations that would restrict the exploitation of the labor force and even constraint the employment of child labor in the organizations. The universal code of ethics would have been applicable in all the countries which would have increased the possibilities of all the countries to follow the rules and policies to not employ child workforce in any part of the organizations (Lashley, 2016).
The scenario includes the employee of a company who gets to know about certain facts of the pharmacy company. The company seems to have produced a particular herbicide which has ltheal components that are revealed by the latest researches conducted by the researchers. The news would be all over the world in some days. However, the employee that is in the scenario happens to have invested in the shares of the company and also has a close friend who along with his clients also happen to have invested in the shares of the PCC Company (Lim &Heitmann, 2017). The employer of the PCC Company faces ethical dilemma regarding the sharing of the facts regarding the ltheal contents in the highest selling herbicides of the company to his friend while he was asked to maintain the confidentiality of the facts of the company.
The main ethical issues which come into participation is my ethical dilemma of maintaining the confidentiality of the disclosure of the facts regarding the ltheal components in one of the highest selling herbicides of PCC to the close friend, Freddie with whom there exists a relationship of trust. If the facts will be revealed to my friend then I shall be violating the direction given to me by my management in regards to the confidentiality of the facts. (Milne &Gray, 2013) However, in few days the information would be revealed to entire world which my friend will get to know and would understand that I had not shared the news with him which could have made him sell his shares of PCC so as to prevent any loss.
The main stakeholders would be my friend, Freddie, his clients and all the individuals who have invested in the shares of PCC. After an individual makes investments in the shares, he or she becomes one for the shareholders to the company. When the news regarding the presence of ltheal contents in the top selling herbicides would be revealed, the prices of the shares of the company would go down (Milne &Gray, 2013).
My decision would be to maintain the confidentiality of the information and keep the information to myself and not share the news with my friend. I would let him know about the facts with due course of time (Persson&Wasieleski, 2016).
There exists a difference in the ethics in acting myself regarding the information that I provided and passing the information to my friend, Freddie. According to the company regulations, I should maintain the confidentiality of the information of the company. On the other hand, the ethical difference between Freddie regarding his actions on the information and providing the information regarding selling the shares of PCC to his clients as it would not be appropriate to share the information without any authentic publication.
The incorporation of the Universal Code of Ethics is very much necessary and has encouraging possibilities as it would assist the company in making it clear to the employees regarding the maintaining the confidentiality of the facts and information of the company.
In this case, the scenario is associated with the ethical dilemma rising in the recruitment of candidates by judging their social sites profiles, specifically on Facebook in a pharmaceutical company. The importance of maintaining social sites for the professional analysis focussed in the section. The ethical arguments in the recruitment of the candidates are focussed in the section (Sharma & Hart, 2014).
The major ethical issues in this scenario are regarding the appointment of two candidates on equal qualification and capabilities along with the assessment on the basis of the profiles on the social sites. The first candidate appears to be very sociable and very apt with the social skills because of which she will be able to handle different relations of the people involved in the clinic, coordinate activities and authorities regarding various works (Strand, 2014). The second candidate happens to have better experience than the previous candidate but seems to consume alcohol and illegal drugs in high quantities. She also had posted some inappropriate pictures on the social sites which present herself with a negative image irrespective of her better experience. The ethical dilemma exists as the qualification of the later candidate later candidate is better but not appropriate for the vacancy.
The prime ethical arguments are associated with the making the evaluation of the suitability of a particular candidate on the basis of the social sites. It cannot be denied that the social sites act as a platform to get to know the candidate beyond the professional means and having a peak at the social status of the candidates. Hence, the analysis of the suitability of the candidates on the basis of the social site’s profiles by the potential employers is been assessed (Sybille & David, 2016).
Yes, after going through the case study, maintaining the social profiles would be very important as the employers are assessing the credibility of the candidates through social sites. My efforts will also be directed in maintaining an impressive profile on the social sites.
Being the human resource manager of the company, I would make the decision regarding the analysis of the public profile on the social websites. It would be suitable to recruit the candidate who does not consume the alcohol or illegal drugs as the vacancy is in the departments of the product approval in a renowned pharmaceutical company. This kind of information happens to spread at a faster rate in a professional environment where the apprehension regarding the social issues that affect the work environment (Vigneau, Humphreys & Moon, 2015).
The incorporation of the Universal Code of Ethics is very much essential in this case that would assist in making distinct and clear criteria for the recruitment of the candidates. Hence, the possibilities of integrating the Code of Ethics are very broad.
In this case, the trend of consuming organic food is discussed. Further, the analysis of the industry of organic food is made along with brief elaboration on the current condition of the premium organic food. The global food market is surrounded by the vegetable fruits and other raw food products that are labelled as premium organic. Human population all over the world prefers for the meat, eggs, fruits, and vegetables that are organic in nature irrespective of the fact that the food products may or may not be organic in reality. This has lead to the unethical activities in the business strategies and operations by the organizations and individuals who are involved in the manufacturing, demand, and supply of the food products in the global market. These organizations and individuals are involved in the unethical practices in the food business by faking regarding the organic standards to make huge profits. It is getting materialized by faking the seals, certification claims and logos while making deals and sales of the organic food products. The organizations that deal with the manufacturing, demand, and supply of the food products are defying the ethical standards and using the fertilizers and pesticides that are harmful. Moreover, the government of many countries all around the world are ignoring these scenarios and not considering both short and long-term implications that consumption of fake organic food products can have on the human population of the respective countries. Every country needs to have strict regulations on the checking of the organic standards of food and the genetic modification of the seeds along with the growing phases of the complete fruits and vegetables.
The devising of Universal Code of Ethics is very much necessary in this case as the matter is about the consumption of the human population of the entire world. Having a proper set of Universal Code of Ethics would help in monitoring the manufacturing, demand, and supply of real and authentic organically grown food products. The universal Code of Ethics has become very important to restore the health of the human population of the world. It is very much essential that all countries should realize and work together on devising a set of Universal Code of Ethics for the consumption of healthy and organic food for a healthier future of the world.
References
Castro, R.B., 2016. Business Ethics and Sustainability.
Ferrell, O.C., Fraedrich, J. and Ferrell, L., 2015. Business ethics. Ethical decision making and cases.
Floyd, L.A., Xu, F., Atkins, R. and Caldwell, C., 2013. Ethical outcomes and business ethics: Toward improving business ethics education. Journal of business ethics, 117(4), pp.753-776.
Giacalone, R.A. and Promislo, M.D., 2013. Broken when entering: The stigmatization of goodness and business ethics education. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 12(1), pp.86-101.
Hahn, R. and Lülfs, R., 2014. Legitimizing negative aspects in GRI-oriented sustainability reporting: A qualitative analysis of corporate disclosure strategies. Journal of Business Ethics, 123(3), pp.401-420.
Helin, S., 2013. Research in Business Ethics, CSR and Sustainability Reporting. In Seminar i næringslivsetikk EBEN Skandinavia’, BI Oslo.
Khanyile, M. and Green, P., 2016. Application of Stakeholder Management for Business Sustainability in the Higher Education Sector.
Lashley, C., 2016. Business ethics and sustainability. Research in Hospitality Management, 6(1), pp.1-7.
Lim, W.M. and Heitmann, S., 2017. Sustainability and ethics in rural business and tourism in the developing world. Rural Tourism and Enterprise: Management, Marketing and Sustainability, p.133.
Milne, M.J. and Gray, R., 2013. W (h) ither ecology? The triple bottom line, the global reporting initiative, and corporate sustainability reporting. Journal of business ethics, 118(1), pp.13-29.
Newton, L., Etzion, D., Rasche, A. and Schuler, D., 2013. Business Ethics Quarterly Special Issue Environmental Sustainability and Business: Crisis or Opportunity?. Business Ethics Quarterly, 23(04), pp.644-646.
Persson, S. and Wasieleski, D., 2016. Nourishing the Tie between Business Ethics and Sustainability: Creating a Dialogue between Western and Chinese Perspectives (No. hal-01512895).
Sharma, S. and Hart, S.L., 2014. Beyond “saddle bag” sustainability for business education. Organization & Environment, 27(1), pp.10-15.
Strand, R., 2014. Strategic leadership of corporate sustainability. Journal of Business Ethics, 123(4), pp.687-706.
Sybille, P. and David, W., 2016. Nourishing the Tie between Business Ethics and Sustainability: Creating a Dialogue between Western and Chinese Perspectives. In Connecting Eastern and Western Perspectives on Management.
Vigneau, L., Humphreys, M. and Moon, J., 2015. How do firms comply with international sustainability standards? Processes and consequences of adopting the global reporting initiative. Journal of Business Ethics, 131(2), pp.469-486.
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