The various topics of discussion in this are climate and climate change, comfort and low energy conditioning, envelopes, renewables, water and material structures. For the analysis of all the topics, four quadrant analyses of the topics are approached. Integral sustainable design approach using four quadrant analyses is achieved. This is a design approach that explores the topic in each possible direction. Those components of description are included within the four quadrants (Ho, Ngo and Guo, 2014). The various topics of consideration are better explored with the help of this design approach which analyse all the important components each of the individual topic. This provides a better understanding of the individual topics.
Four quadrant analysis design approach
BHP house in the city of Melbourne is a high construction design made up of glass building and construction took place in the period of 1969 and 1972. It was designed by the architectural practice of Yuncken Freeman which was highly influenced by the skyscrapers in Chicago. This house of credit has been registered in the Victorian Heritage. Due to enormous unique design capabilities it has many distinct features in its design and construction.
Climate and climate change
The climate plays direct and adverse role in the biological layer of the Earth. Slightest change in the climate can cause uncountable deaths and can lead many to bed-rest. In the year 1918-1920, a shrill cry of disastrous disease broke called ‘Flu Pandemic’ which led to 12000+ deaths. Not to forget, the spine shivering destruction caused by the ‘Black Friday Bushfire ‘in 13th January, 1939, causing a great topographical lost too. Which drives us to our next fear of property destruction? Hence, climate change can bring us the worst nightmares to reality
Four quadrant analysis: Climate and climate change
The infrastructure in Melbourne i.e. the BHP house focuses on the above factors, establishing a strong hold on to ground, which prevents the natural calamities to wither the structure. Hospitals are equipped with the best equipment providing excellent service to the needy, resulting plummeting cases of the viral diseases (Ahmad and Tahar, 2014). The topography of the region is balanced providing the best visuals and attracting the tourists. During extremely cold weather conditions, the foundation of buildings can be a primary cause of heat loss that can also be affected by surrounding soil conditions.
b. Renewable
The energy consumption in Australia is rising at an alarming rate. The current recorded energy estimation was the highest recorded ever. Over the past one decade the energy consumption has risen to 0.7 per cent of the total energy consumption. Most of the energy consumption is taking place in the mining sector of the country. After mining, transportation is the highest consumption of electricity. Manufacturing unit consumption rate is also moving at a rising pace. The other sectors are petroleum refining and building manufacturing units.
Site construction requires consumption in large amount. As far as the energy consumption of the BHP house in Melbourne is concerned, they mainly rely on the renewable source of energy. BHP house is mainly known for its constructional design feature with their tall steel framework in the building. It is the first office building in Australia whose energy consumption is based on the concept of using BHP natural gas. The house has constructed and maintained on the base of renewable source of energy in the form of natural gas. They also form their own source of natural gas and called as BHP natural gas.
c. Water
Water is a basic necessity of human. It is used for consumption as well as for utilization for various purposes. They consist of using water for drinking, construction, etc. Starting with the sources of water, the prime source is groundwater followed by rivers and dams. While utilizing water for drinking the pH level should be taken into consideration as it should be within the range of 6.5 to 8.5 pH level.
Beyond this level this could lead to serious health problems. Moreover, the water used during construction should be pure too as high level of pH could damage the strength of the buildings (Dogan, 2015). The BHP house in Melbourne has led heir building design with the application of concrete and steel and leading to the open floor plates. The building is also based on the concept of conservation of water.
Four quadrant analysis: Water
These add on could be used to save the rain water by adopting the practices of rain water harvesting. This extends the water reservoirs to the maximum and enriches the lifestyle of every person as it is a natural source of water. Water processing plants set up by government ensures better care of the civilizations. Although having a purifier at each house is a plus point, the government should monitor the water that has been supplied to the consumers.
d. Envelopes
The envelope plays the major role in considering the visual and aesthetic looks of the buildings.. The three main elements are climate-appropriate structure, structurally sound and aesthetically pleasing (Yang, et al., 2018). To divide further, the envelope of house consists of its roof, sub floor, exterior doors, windows and exterior walls.
Four quadrant analysis: Envelopes
The building projects significant changes in the Melbourne’s CBD. The structure of the building should be suitable for climate. This is a serious concern in countries like India where there are various climates. However, in city like Melbourne, condition like storms and hurricanes should be taken into consideration. They should be strong enough to withstand their own weight (Oliver, 2015). Loading bearing walls and strong foundation should be a high priority in an earthquake prone region and where there are frequent storms.
Furthermore, the structure should be well build to tackle sound in windy region the walls should be capable to absorb the winds. Or it will lead in production of unpleasant noise. Moreover, the direction of placing of each and every part should not be neglected. In a region where the climate remains cold throughout the year, the windows or doors should be facing in the direction of east to receive maximum sunlight.
e. Comfort and Low energy conditioning
The overall perspective should also contain the end user satisfaction. Comfort of customers is the key of successful planning and development. Having a people oriented approach increases the value of the infrastructure. The quantitative measurements such as aesthetic view, sounding, visual comfort, landscape, lighting, room occupancy should be taken into consideration.
Four quadrant analysis: Comfort and Low energy conditioning
Energy utilization should be minimal and renewable energy source should be encouraged. In the place like Melbourne, wind energy would be used to produce electricity which cut down the transportation cost of electricity brought from power plants and it is an eco-friendly approach (Mostafa and El-Gendy, 2017). Advance technology could be used to monitor the usage of power supply on street lights. As the sunset time changes throughout the year, the timing of turning on the street lights should be changed accordingly which ensures less power consumption. The BHP building house is provides with a very flexible and created open space design.
f. Material and structures
The floor structure weight of the BHP house was reduced with the help of steel beams and concrete and the entire structure has become very light in weight. The construction of building starts only after proper evaluation of resources has been done. The key points include availability of material, National Building Code and Building energy rating.
Four quadrant analysis: Comfort and Low energy conditioning
It is highly preferred to make the best use of sources that are available in minimal distance as it cut downs the transportation and customs costs by large percent. Eventually it is leading to invest in better comfort and aesthetic view of the infrastructure. Each country has a set of defined rules for the construction of buildings because this ensures in providing the best strength in the given region. This leads in successful development of multi-stored buildings.
Quantitative analysis (Office Room)
A two-way option can be provided for the staffs (night-shift & day-shift), day-shifters can be provided with the window blinds and shades for better and fresh environment while nigh-shifters with the light dimmer and desk light for late night undisturbed work as well lowering of utility bill. Better quality acoustic cabins can be prepared for the worker for better output, hence soundproof cabins can be made for each worker (Yang, et al., 2018). The environment plays an important role for the better outcome, hence personal convenience is mandatory and this drives to the necessity of perfect control of humidity and temperature.
Workers are considered as the army of the company and if the army hand holds a damaged weapon, whole company’s profit margin can hinder. Mean to say, the equipment for the worker must excel in quality.
Environmental performances with individual occupant’s needs and expectations
Environment nurtures the life on earth. Every human activity holds its roots by interacting with the environment. The needs of human being in all the direction occur till the horizon has been completed through the environment. The basic necessity like food, clothing and shelter are the primary goal for humans, wherever they go. So in a region where these needs are fulfilled, man finds the utmost pleasure in establishment of his further needs. In a modernized city, such facilities play a major role (da Fontoura et al., 2018). Like how many shops are available for groceries, the quality of it, etc.
To add to the comfort, after fulfilling the basic necessities comes leisure, aesthetic views, flora and fauna, entertainment, etc. These are the additional comforts an individual demand. Finding the right place where his/her expectations are fulfilled will lure him/her to the fullest.
Key drivers for interrelations for project improvements (topic wise)
Water which is used for generating electricity can also be further used for drinking and other usage purpose. The infrastructure should be well resistive to cold climate. The aesthetic view to every person can be given a lower importance as not all the angles can be provided with equal viewing points. Material adaptive to moisture and humidity should be used in regions for the same.
Integral analysis part 2
Interrelation and synergies across the different weekly topics and quadrants
After studying all the points on weekly basis and further evaluating each of the point in the quadrant format, the goal of ISD is very clear of having a dynamic approach in construction of infrastructure that insists in considering various aspects of engineering and clubbing it together (Wojtach,, 2016). It starts with collective of data about the various resources available, the cost required for the overall process, how two different bodies like culture and performance can be improved simultaneously and many more. It also focuses on the basic individual comfort and demands like having a beautiful view in the context where no valuable sites are available. This leads to proper planning of the infrastructure.
Key drivers for interrelations for project improvements
After analyzing the current scenario, it would be better to construct strong infrastructure to resist heavy storms in city like Melbourne. Avoiding unnecessary glass building and building strong walls should be recommended. Wind mills could be set up to power up houses and have an eco-friendly approach (Mostafa and El-Gendy, 2017). Fostering the lifestyle of human to fight pollution is a Nobel idea for sure. In a country like Australia, its preferred to have wind mill as it is surrounded by water from all 4 sides so the breeze is always strong.
The comfort increases when proper ventilation is provided for air in rooms. In a hot region, big ventilator can be built on top of the walls to increase proper circulation of air. This also helps in getting fresh air and keeping the foul smell away. The design of the rooms should meet the demands of the citizens residing within the area (Wojtach, 2016). The occupancy should consist of all the quantitative analysis. This adds to the pleasant view and comfort to the people.
Having an eco-friendly approach is a plus point as there is a sudden rise in pollution. The population growth of Melbourne as of 2017 is recorded to be 4.82 million which is increased by 3.21%. This shows that there is rise in population density and these results for approaching the water management system. A proper water management system which filters and used water and delivers the maximum use of it adds up to the modern development of cities.
Conclusion
The four quadrant analysis has been carried out for each of the individual topics. The inter relationship between the synergies across different quadrants were analyzed. The key drivers of each of the inter relationships were explored. Methods were analyzed to find strategies in order o improve the project. Key potentials were explored for generating more fruitful methods for project operation.
References
Ahmad, S. and Tahar, R.M., 2014. Selection of renewable energy sources for sustainable development of electricity generation system using analytic hierarchy process: A case of Malaysia. Renewable energy, 63, pp.458-466.
da Fontoura Prates, D., Radmann, E.M., Duarte, J.H., de Morais, M.G. and Costa, J.A.V., 2018. Spirulina cultivated under different light emitting diodes: Enhanced cell growth and phycocyanin production. Bioresource technology, 256, pp.38-43.
Dogan, E., 2015. The relationship between economic growth and electricity consumption from renewable and non-renewable sources: A study of Turkey. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 52, pp.534-546.
Ho, D.P., Ngo, H.H. and Guo, W., 2014. A mini review on renewable sources for biofuel. Bioresource technology, 169, pp.742-749.
Mostafa, S.S. and El-Gendy, N.S., 2017. Evaluation of fuel properties for microalgae Spirulina platensis bio-diesel and its blends with Egyptian petro-diesel. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 10, pp.S2040-S2050.
Oliver, K.E., 2015. Analysis of Beef Cattle Producers’ Propensity to Adopt Pasture Management and Prescribed Grazing East of the 100th Meridian.
Wojtach, A., 2016. Ecosystem services in the circular economy. Ekonomia i ?rodowisko.
Yang, L., Weng, W., Yang, J., Zhang, Y., Liang, Y., Luo, X. and Zhu, M., 2018. Highly conductive nanocomposite enabled by an accordion-like graphene network for flexible heating films and supercapacitors. ACS Applied Nano Materials.
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