In the current study digital health system has been taken into consideration. The digital health systems are of increasing importance within the hospital nowadays as they have a multidisciplinary approach. The digital interface enhances the quality of the healthcare services, as it allows for much data to be transferred across hospitals in much real time (Robinson et al., 2015). The entire process can make the process of treatment much faster reducing the time in between referrals. With increase in the use of virtual services and home based diagnostics, digital healthcare systems have made treatment availability much faster for the population in general (Mohammed et al., 2016). With the help of smart detectors and wearable technologies some of the measurements such as blood sugar and BP can be measured by one within the comfort of their own homes and promote objectives such as self awareness and care. The digital interface allows for quick and easy measurements which results in quick diagnosis of health issues (Wager, Lee & Glaser, 2017). Additionally, some of the digital health systems such as digital signage software allow for providing education and entertainment to the patients or their respective families when waiting for longer durations at hospital lobbies.The topic presented above could be developed into a set of research questions and sub-questions. In order to develop a proper research question there is a need to understand the aim of the research.
Aim: To understand the importance of digital systems in healthcare
Objectives:
Objective 1: to understand the importance of digital systems in improving the quality of healthcare
Objective 2: to critically understand the contribution of digital health systems in promoting self care
Objective 3: to understand the manner in which the digital health systems can act as an effective educational tool
The aim and objectives of the research have been reinstated and the rationale provide for each
Aim of the research: To understand the importance of digital systems in healthcare
Research objectives:
Objectives 1: to understand the importance of digital systems in improving the quality of healthcare
Rationale:
The digital systems play a pivotal role in improving the quality of healthcare. As mentioned by Barrett, Davidson, Prabhu and Vargo (2015), the digitization can promote lower spending and superior health quality. The costs of healthcare are increasing at an alarming rate which raises accessibility issues. As mentioned by Dinev et al. (2016), for receiving optimum care and treatment a patient may be have to visit several physicians or specialists in a row. The time lost in between the referrals could further deteriorate the health conditions of the patient (Pinto & Rocha, 2016). On the other hand, the digital health systems have reduced the time for referral, which results in healthcare services to be delivered in much ream time.
Objectives 2: to critically understand the contribution of digital health systems in promoting self care
Rationale:
The people living in the rural or the marginalised areas often face difficulties in accessing the health and support care services. As argued by O’Connor et al. (2016), the far off location makes it difficult for the healthcare workers to reach out to these people. The distribution of some of these home based digital healthcare systems to the population at low prices can promote the objectives of self care (Barrett, Davidson, Prabhu & Vargo, 2015). It has been found that the healthcare systems in New Zealand are associated with high transactional charges. Sometimes people have to visit the clinics for simplest of the health issues. The high transactional prices involved most of the times the receiving of sufficient and effective quality care are compromised (Tieu et al., 2015). Therefore, the digital healthcare systems ensure that people are able to self regulate their blood pressure or sugar within the comfort of their own homes and most of the times the extra charges involved are simply with replacing the old battery (Lupton, 2014).
Objectives 3: to understand the manner in which digital health systems act as an education tool
Rationale:
With the intervention of technology and innovation people are getting more used to wearable health gears such as smart watches and wrist bands which can act as tracker for the daily activities such as walking and running (Yardley et al., 2016). The features present on a smart watch such as heart beat record, calorie counter, respiratory rate can help the patients learn about their own body conditions (Lin et al., 2015).
For the current research a positivist research philosophy will be adopted by the researcher. Here, the researcher will focus up factual knowledge gained through observation. The researcher will use quantifiable observations for arriving at statistically significant results. The data collected through quantifiable mean will be represented in statistically significant results (McCusker & Gunaydin, 2015).
The researcher will use survey for the collection of statically significant results. Here, the researcher will select a small sample group who will be surveyed regarding the various aspects of the use of digital health care systems within hospitals (Smith, 2015). In this regard, the researcher will select a local hospital whereas the sample group selected could contain equal number of management and healthcare staffs.
The researcher will follow a primary research design where the researcher will use survey questionnaire for the collection of quantifiable results. The participants will be interviewed regarding the benefits which they have personally felt the inclusion of the digital health systems have brought over (Merriam, 2015). In this respect, close ended questionnaire will be used by the researcher for the collection of responses which will be represented stiochiometrically.
The researcher will use a deductive research approach which is based upon developing hypotheses based upon existing theory. Here, the researcher will be shifting from a particular to a more general approach. The researcher will derive conclusions from propositions, which is tested against observations. It will help the researcher explain the relationship between concepts and variables. A critical approach will be used by the researcher the proposed hypotheses which will help in the conformation or rejection of the theory.
Additionally, the researcher will use a descriptive design over here which will help in casting light on the current issue. The descriptive research design adopted by the researcher will also help him to understand the behaviour of the sample population. The descriptive research design will enable the researcher use surveys for the collection of quantifiable and statistically significant results (Nardi, 2018).
The researcher will face a number of reliability and validity issues in the gathering and collection of data. The research results are subjected to a number of confounding biases. In order to remove the confounding biases the researcher will collect the data from different sample groups which will be used by the researcher in doing a comparative analysis. Additionally, the researcher will consult a number of online and offline databases in order to understand the benefits of digital health systems.
The validity aspect could be measured on the basis of the accuracy of the results obtained. One of the crucial factors which need to be taken into consideration over here is construct validity. It depends upon the suitability of the measurement tool used for the collection of results. For example, the data could be collected by organising an interview sessions as well as by organising surveys. It has been found that the higher the level of correlation between the focus group and the questionnaire findings, the higher the criterion-related validity.
There are a number of limitations of the research a few of which could be described over here. For example, the small size of the participant group can challenge the quality of the end results. Additionally, being at an arm’s length from the hospital could affect the survey quality and process. The biasness of the researcher towards the participant group during the survey process cannot be ruled out completely.
Additionally, the time constraint can also act as a limitation whereby the researcher could not get hold of a large scale data from a larger participant group. The less availability of time also affects the quality of the research conducted. The less availability of money could also serve as a major hindrance in organising and conducting the survey. The lack of sufficient finances can affect the quality of the survey and the resources used for conducting the survey. Thus, in the dearth of such resources the quality of the end results is compromised.
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11-15 months |
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Taking consent for conducting the survey |
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Designing of the questionnaire |
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Publication of statistical results |
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(Source: Author)
Barrett, M., Davidson, E., Prabhu, J., & Vargo, S. L. (2015). Service innovation in the digital age: key contributions and future directions. MIS quarterly, 39(1), 135-154.
Barrett, M., Davidson, E., Prabhu, J., & Vargo, S. L. (2015). Service innovation in the digital age: key contributions and future directions. MIS quarterly, 39(1), 135-154.dy. Journal of medical Internet research, 17(12).
Cooper, H. (2016). Research synthesis and meta-analysis: A step-by-step approach (Vol. 2). London: Sage publications, 145-156.
Dinev, T., Albano, V., Xu, H., D’Atri, A., & Hart, P. (2016). Individuals’ attitudes towards electronic health records: A privacy calculus perspective. In Advances in healthcare informatics and analytics (pp. 19-50). Springer, Cham.
Lin, C. A., Atkin, D. J., Cappotto, C., Davis, C., Dean, J., Eisenbaum, J., … & Mitchum, A. (2015). Ethnicity, digital divides and uses of the Internet for health information. Computers in Human Behavior, 51, 216-223.
Lupton, D. (2014). Health promotion in the digital era: a critical commentary. Health promotion international, 30(1), 174-183.
McCusker, K., & Gunaydin, S. (2015). Research using qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods and choice based on the research. Perfusion, 30(7), 537-542.
Merriam, S. B. (2015). Qualitative Research: Designing, Implementing, and Publishing a Study. In Handbook of Research on Scholarly Publishing and Research Methods (pp. 125-140). IGI Global.
Mohammed, K., Nolan, M. B., Rajjo, T., Shah, N. D., Prokop, L. J., Varkey, P., & Murad, M. H. (2016). Creating a patient-centered health care delivery system: a systematic review of health care quality from the patient perspective. American Journal of Medical Quality, 31(1), 12-21.
Nardi, P. M. (2018). Doing survey research: A guide to quantitative methods. Abingdon:Routledge, 235-245.
O’Connor, S., Hanlon, P., O’Donnell, C. A., Garcia, S., Glanville, J., & Mair, F. S. (2016). Understanding factors affecting patient and public engagement and recruitment to digital health interventions: a systematic review of qualitative studies. BMC medical informatics and decision making, 16(1), 120.
Pinto, L. F., & Rocha, C. M. F. (2016). Innovations in Primary Health Care: the use of communications technology and information tools to support local management. Ciencia & saude coletiva, 21(5), 1433-1448.
Robinson, L., Cotten, S. R., Ono, H., Quan-Haase, A., Mesch, G., Chen, W., … & Stern, M. J. (2015). Digital inequalities and why they matter. Information, Communication & Society, 18(5), 569-582.
Smith, J. A. (Ed.). (2015). Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research methods. London:Sage, 125-134.
Tieu, L., Sarkar, U., Schillinger, D., Ralston, J. D., Ratanawongsa, N., Pasick, R., & Lyles, C. R. (2015). Barriers and facilitators to online portal use among patients and caregivers in a safety net health care system: a qualitative study,78-121.
Wager, K. A., Lee, F. W., & Glaser, J. P. (2017). Health care information systems: a practical approach for health care management. New Jersey:John Wiley & Sons, 55-75.
Yardley, L., Spring, B. J., Riper, H., Morrison, L. G., Crane, D. H., Curtis, K., … & Blandford, A. (2016). Understanding and promoting effective engagement with digital behavior change interventions. American journal of preventive medicine, 51(5), 833-842.
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