Manager and leader’s traits are complementary of each other. Both are essential to be included in the organisation. Based on the personality traits of people, there are different types of leadership and managerial method. There are certain difference in the management and leadership, thus it affects the behavioural pattern of those in the position. In this text a leadership style chosen is situational leadership and a management style as a management by objective (MBO) method. These two methods of leadership and management are essential in healthcare management. Thus it affects the organisation’s development too. The contingency theory is related to the situational leadership style and a contributing factor of building this kind of leadership (Abdelhak, Grostick & Hanken, 2014). Simultaneously, the MBO method of management is also related to contingency theory, which is briefly discussed in the following text. Though being in certain position there are some different in the role’s of managers and leaders. The comparison and contrasting behaviour of the roles in terms of healthcare organisation’s perspectives are also discussed in the process.
Situational leadership
All kinds of leadership is dependent on two of the behaviour. One if employee oriented and another is task orientated. However there are some situations that demand the overview of the current situation that needs to be looked at from the situation’s perspectives (Todd 2014). The contingency theory is also an initiator of this kind of leadership. The situations are very critical sometimes, that it needs to be dealt with many factors, which cannot be done by conventional way. Contingency theory originated from the political aspect that needs to be handled with the demands of situations by Mary parker Follet (Thompson & Glasø, 2015). In Follet’s research, she also had seen that, mangers all across the world uses this theory, which depends on the situation. The situational leadership takes two of the basic dimension in consideration. The task orientation and relationship orientation is two dimension on what the situational leadership is based on. The interplay of three different aspects is considered in here (Thompson & Glasø, 2015). One is the amount of direction is provided by the leaders, second is socio-emotional support and third is readiness level of the followers towards a specific task. In situational leadership, the basic concept is dependent upon this factor of readiness of the followers (McCleskey, 2014). The change management of the organisation is also dependent upon this kind of leadership. The appropriateness as well as the effectiveness of this leadership is dependent upon this style of leadership (Todd 2014). The level of performance outcome and confidence in commitment to the task is defined in this leadership behaviour. The application of this behaviour is dependent on the continuum as well as the higher level of curvilinear function of leadership (Thompson & Glasø, 2015).
Management by objectives
Management by objective is very modern process of management. To produce good result, managers deal the challenging tasks with very different ways. Thus, they achieve the goals in different methods. One of the methods is also management by objectives or goals. It is required to focus on certain goals to achieve the underlying objectives (Bucklin et al. 2012). Managers who adopt this method achieve those goals by focusing on the objectives. Though after origin, supervisory managers only applied this method, the updated version is also used widely after that (Simpson 2012). All organisations depend on the tasks or the vision or mission set by the organisations. These are converted to monthly, weekly, or yearly objectives to be achieved. Then those are passed on to the different level of organisation. To better accomplish the success of the organisation, the training or the supervision is provided in this method. MBO has been necessitated by the different company and used formally by management system with considering the review process. Evaluation techniques are also been set and objectives as well as measuring the results are determined in this process (Simpson, 2012). In addition, the individual goals are also set in this process. The potential benefits of this process have made it imperative for companies to use this method of management accepted in different level of organisations. The potential benefit of this process is well known among different organisations. These factors have compelled many organisations to use this method of management. The most important advantage of using this management method is greater commitment by the subordinates (Simpson, 2012). In formulating objectives, it is vital for organisations to consider the risk in the overall picture related to commitment (Bucklin e al. 2012). To gain better control and coordination of the accomplishments by individuals this method is very useful. To develop the operational objectives and maintain its consistency incorporation of this kind of management situation is essential.
A leader’s role is very important for a healthcare organisation. As stated by Gopee & Galloway (2017), there are many aspects where a leader is bound to perform those minimum activities in the company. As commented by Huber (2017), Facilitating a proper and effective communication system among all level of staff in a healthcare, reporting with efficiency, secure information, improving resources of equipments and identify significant information resources and quality improvement methods are core responsibilities of the leaders in the healthcare organisations. As stated by Vinogradova (2016), improving the teams and public recognition also comes under the tasks taken by the leaders. In a fully running healthcare, collection of information regarding patients is very important part. The factual accuracy of the data and interpreting and analysing that is also important. As commented by Abdelhak, Grostick and Hanken (2014) in their article, the strategic role of leaders is to conduct meetings and interviews of the staff to improve the quality of the activity and of healthcare systems. The policy makers are also dependent on the extensive thematic analysis of the interview and meetings. As opined by Ledlow & Stephens, (2017), integrating the results and facilitating that information for further improvement is also part of the leader’s role. Aligning the everyday’s and individual’s role with the common goals and objectives is part of the process of consistent leadership in healthcare. As Abdelhak, Grostick and Hanken, (2014), it is also imperative to guide the primary care teams and support them in delivering care to the patients. Effective integration promotes effective learning and test improvement strategies.
For managers there is certain difference in roles than that of leaders. As stated by Gopee and Galloway, (2017) for management procedures it is essential for the company to improve the core strategies of conducting the quality improvement system, collaboration of the several responsibility is part of the manager’s business. As stated by Huber (2017) in his article budgeting and financing all the instruments, which are essential for the company is part of manager’s role. The personnel and talent development as well as supervising them in their task is part of their process. Gopee and Galloway, (2017), in their article, they argued that Establishing the polices and framework is to manage the human resource, allocate budgets in different projects, submitting reports and maintain IT systems from the medical front comes under the daily activity of the mangers rather than that of leaders. They also stated that as per the job description, leaders are more required to handle a front-end function rather than managers. According to Northouse, (2015), the manager’s roles are more facilitation oriented. Department’s coordination among groups, policy updates according innovation, security and safety needs effectiveness are part of the manager’s role, which is different from a manager. As opined by Ledlow and Stephens, (2017) Managing teamwork is essential for the company by both leaders and mangers. The lean management to reduce expenses of the organisation is part of the management activity.
Engage in meaningful dialogue
A manager needs to ensure that all the team members are feeling free to communicate with each other and to their superiors as well. A health care organization is one that has to deal with so many different patients and the families of those patients as well (Sarros, Cooper, & Santora, 2008). Different patients suffer from different ailments and need to be given different kinds of treatment. Hence, all the members have to be much active and have to stay in a proper communication with each other. A manager must talk with all the members individually and take their feedback regarding their experience. It will make them motivated and their performance will increase. This in turn will give better service to the patients. As stated by Casalino et al., (2015), a leader must always know how to appreciate is team. A health care organization is one where the patients come for getting proper treatment. The patients need proper medical facilities from the doctors. This alone will not help them. Patients are also in need of several other facilities like proper nutrition, timely vaccination, clean ambience and proper recreational facilities as well. All the different staffs like nurses, nutritionist, gym, and several other people do these. It is because of the joint efforts of all these people that the patients get better. Hence, a manager must reward the members as per their performance. A manager must use little words of kindness and appreciation like good work; keep it up, thank you. This will encourage the members to work with their entire potential Listen to everyone’s idea
As stated by Ledlow and Stephens (2017), a health care organization is one that has many different departments. All these departments are engrossed in providing so many different facilities to all the patients throughout the day. Hence, the service needs to be upgraded from time to time. A manager must include all the members in the board meetings and must give everyone a chance to speak. Different people give different kinds of innovative ideas and a manager must take into account all these ideas for the improvement of the organization. This will encourage the members as they feel wanted within the organization and the performance of the organization will also improve.
Trust the employees
As said by McCleskey, (2014), a manager must make sure that he is having full trust on his team members. The team members will not work proactively if they are constantly suspected by their leader. The leader must ask the team to make several important business decisions. This will make the team realize that the manager is valuing them and entrusting them with the important business decision.
Patients usually need a large number of additional facilities like proper nutrition, timely visit by doctors, clean and healthy environment, and proper recreational facilities. As said by Vinogradova et al., (2016), Even a slight carelessness on the part of the health care officials might lead to a severe danger to the life of the patient and this will make the health care organization suffer from a huge criticism and even their health care license can get cancelled.
Hence, the managers make sure that there is proper communication among all the members so that the information gets channelized from one department to the other on time. A leader who is in charge of the health care team has to make sure that he is encouraging all his members at every single step. There can be many situations when the patients and their families may get impatient and complain against the services rendered by the health care organization. A leader must then utilize the principles of situational analysis and act as per the demand of the situation. As stated by McCleskey, (2014) a leader must properly analyze the issue and ask his members to take the necessary actions. Health care organizations also train the leaders to have proper negotiating and communicating skills. A leader will have to deal with so many issues related to so many different patients and solve them at the same time. Management by objective is also constructed in health care industry because the managers built a specific objective for the team members so that they become self dependent.
Conclusion:
Thereby, it can be concluded that health care organizations play a very important role in inculcating the leadership qualities within the individuals. It is due to the different varieties of job that one has to perform within a health care industry that makes them gain a good control over their negotiating and communicating skills. A leader also makes sure that there is a proper communication among all the departments so that there is a patient satisfaction. A manager will only look after the proper implementation of the goals and objectives of then organization whereas a leader is one who will communicate the goals to the employees and will support them not only professionally but emotionally as well.
Reference:
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