Comparison Of Health And Education Between Uganda And The United States

Health

Discuss about the Countries Comparison for Health and Education.

The two countries that we shall analyze are Uganda and the United States. These are epitome of a low income country represented by Uganda and high income countries represented by the United states. These two countries represent the two worlds of the haves and have nots and therefore comparing the two countries in terms of health, education, fertility rate among other parameters.

The relationship between income and health has been extensively analyzed, both from the theoretical and empirical point of view. Thus, higher incomes improve the chances of obtaining goods and services favorable to health, such as drinking water, better food, access to better education (quantitative and qualitative) and greater access to health goods and services (Buckley, & Pittluck, n.d.).

There is an interrelation between  ill health and poverty.  Poor countries tend to have poor health outcomes  than the high income countries. In Uganda, the citizenry is more likely to be killed by communicable diseases unlike those in the U.S.  High disease rate and fertility often causes a negative effect on the income of the family. Consequently, this means that in Uganda, a family will not have the recommended diet or nutrition as compared to their counterparts in the U.S.  in addition, the cost of health is high in low income countries like Uganda due to a few health centeres or medical facilities per capita (Comparative indicators of education in the United States and other G8 countries–2004, 2005).  High income countries such as the U.S have prioritized health and therefore in the budget, there is a lot of money pumped in health and you find that there is insurance that covers almost the entire population. On the other hand, the health insurance uptake in low income countries is wanting. In Uganda, there is less than 10% of health insurance which translates to a high mortality rate in this country. In low income countries he people suffer from very many deprivations that are expressed in the high levels of ill health. Hence, people are caught in the vicious circle (Handbook on health inequality monitoring, n.d.).

There are a number of international donors and organizations that have an objective to improve the health outcomes of the poor world.

This is another aspect of comparison between high income countries and low income countries. According to world bank reports conducted in 2015, Uganda has a population of 38 million while the U.S has 400 million people. Uganda has one of the highest fertility rates not only in sub Saharan Africa but in the entire world.  A Ugandan woman has an average of five children. While in the U.S the average child bearing number is two children. This is because most of the women in the high income countries are career focused and education takes up most of their lives. On the other hand, most of the women are married at a tender age coupled with the unavailability of contraceptives will lead to a lot of fertility in the country (Hawthorn, 2011). 

Fertility

One of the MDGs in the world is reduction of child mortality rates. Currently, Uganda’s mortality rates stands at 131 in every 1000 live births. This is due to diseases like HIV/AIDS, Malaria, pneumonia amongst other diseases. Although most of these diseases are preventable the country has not invested enough in eradicating these diseases.  On the other hand, infant mortality in the U.S stands at 5 children per1000 born. The life expectancy rate in the United states stands at 79 years as at 2015 while in Uganda life expectancy has improved for the last 10 years from 48 years to 58 years in 2015.

Image: Infant mortality rate

Source: https://www.google.com/search?publisherid=51778&st=ds&combofeed=google&u_ip=105.56.208.25&q=infant+mortality+in+uganda

The united states is way ahead of Uganda in terms of education. The investment placed to education in the U.S is heavy. This is true not only in comparison with the highest-income OECD countries, but also in relation to those in Eastern Europe and East Asia. Although the level of education in Latin America and the Caribbean has improved significantly in the last decades, the pace of education has been slower than that of some East Asian countries for which information is available comparable.But the main concern becomes quality and not just the amount of years of studies (Impact of HIV/AIDS on Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa, 2002). The limited information available also indicates that the knowledge and skills of the labor force in African countries or low income countries  and the Caribbean are lower than those in the higher income countries of the OECD and Eastern Europe  and U.Seven though they have completed the same number of years Of schooling.

As for the current educational systems of the countries of Sub saharan countries such as Uganda, their relative disadvantage remains in comparison with the antecedents observed in other regions.A salient feature of the States of the zone is the greater relative importance assigned to higher education than that which exists in other countries with the same level of development. This greater emphasis is also seen when compared to the reality of higher-income countries when they were in earlier stages of development.

It is called income to the economic entrance that receives a person, a family or an entire population of a country, a city, a village, a village, etcetera. income is the amount of money a family can spend over a period of time without increasing or decreasing their net assets, and includes wages, salaries, income, transfer payments and everything that reinforces The ability to spend.Like families, the populations receive income that indicates their growth or economic weakness.

Education

GDP, or Gross Domestic Product, is the measure of the value of final goods and services that occur in a given period, usually three months or a year. It is an indicator of the wealth generated by a country, and allows comparing the difference between the economies of the different countries of the world. It is expressed in US dollars. The U.S has a GDP of 18.02 trillion while Uganda has a GDP of 37.04 Million US dollars  (NAVARRO, 2016).

It is divided into nominal GDP, which determines the economic performance of the whole of a country or a region from the sum of the final goods and services produced in a year; And in nominal GDP per capita, that is, the value of all final goods and services produced by a country in a given year and divided by the estimated population by the middle of the same year  (NAVARRO, 2016).

One important thing to know is that GDP only takes into account the value of new goods and services offered in the market for sale; The second-hand ones are discarded, as is the value of financial capital (such as stocks and bonds).

GDP provides an overview of the health of the economy and is often taken as a welfare measure. The countries with the highest GDP are seen as countries with a strong and developed economy; For example, the United States, Canada and Australia tend to have a high GDP, while several countries in Africa have a low GDP. However, this does not determine the development or growth of a national economy.

It is the average income per person and is obtained by dividing the GDP of a country among its inhabitants. This indicates the average income that each of the people in the country receives, and this is what an individual has to spend and subsist.

The World Bank is a United Nations-dependent international organization that periodically categorizes countries according to their income: low incomes, low incomes, high incomes and high incomes (Ssekamwa, 2000). They are included in the category according to the total of their Gross National Income per capita or Gross National Income per capita (in US dollars, later converted to the local currency).

According to the World Bank, as of 1 July 2016, low-income economies (countries) have a per capita GNI of 1025 or less; Middle-income earners have a per capita GNI of $ 1026-4035; Middle-income earners have a GNI per capita of $ 4036-12475, and high-income earners have a per capita GNI of $ 12475 or more (Ssekamwa, 2000).

While the incomes of populations are basic indicators of their economy, it should be stressed that they are not the only ones.

Title: U.S vs Uganda Economies

Source:https://www.google.com/search?q=U.S+gdp&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj9nYeVvY3TAhXDDsAKHRzpBPwQ_AUICSgC&biw=1366&bih=672#imgrc=H2zI4cbwRCNUXM 

References

Buckley, G., & Pittluck, R. Improving quality of care in low- and middle-income countries (1st ed.).

Comparative indicators of education in the United States and other G8 countries–2004. (2005) (1st ed.). [Washington, D.C.].

Handbook on health inequality monitoring (1st ed.).

Hanson, K., & Chernichovsky, D. (2009). Innovations in Health Care Financing in Low and Middle Income Countries (1st ed.). Bradford: Emerald Group Publishing.

Hawthorn, G. (2011). Population and development (1st ed.). London: Routledge.

Impact of HIV/AIDS on Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa. (2002) (1st ed.).

NAVARRO, V. (2016). Health And Medical Care In The U.S (1st ed.). [Place of publication not identified]: ROUTLEDGE.

Ssekamwa, J. (2000). History and development of education in Uganda (1st ed.). Kampala, Uganda: Fountain Publishers.