Bangladesh is land of rivers called river-mother. This country is rich in huge water resources. Across the country there are numerous streams, canals, bills, haor-dams and ponds. Its south is an endless sea The Bay of Bengal. The vast area of fisheries production is covered throughout the country. There are many species of fish. All these fish are delicious and easy to get. Bangladeshi people are very much fond of fishes. Without fish and rice, the Bengalis cannot be fed well.
The food of Bengalis is fish and it dominates. Due to the dependency of the Bengalis on fish and rice since time of immemorial, the people of this country have been identified as ‘ mache vate Bangali’ meaning that Bangali with fish and rice.
The fisheries production in Bangladesh can be divided into two parts mainly in the domestic and seafood sectors. Internal sources include free ponds and stagnant ponds. In the open waters there are flood lands, rivers, bills, Kaptai Lakes and Sundarbans.
Its size is 40.47 million hectares, which is 88.46 percent of the total domestic reservoir. In closed waters there are ponds, parts of the Mara River or the left and coastal shrimp farms. Its size 5.28 million hectares, accounting for 11.54 percent of the total domestic reservoir. Our sea coastline is 710 kilometers long. The economic zone stretches for 200 nautical miles.
Total marine water resources 166 million hectares, accounting for 78.39 percent of the country’s total water resources. The fisheries sector is playing an important role in the national economy. The contribution of this sector to the national production is about 4 per cent and the production of agriculture is 21%.
The national fisheries sector has about 4 percent of the population. In our daily food list, 58 per cent of the fauna comes from the fish. About 13 lakh workers continually and 1 crore 25 lakh workers are somehow engaged in this sector. The development of fisheries in our economic development, employment, eradication of poverty and the shortage of the fauna are indispensable.
Bangladesh’s domestic muddy waters have 260 species of freshwater fish, 24 species of freshwater shrimp and 12 species of foreign fish. Several species of freshwater fish have already faded. We have 475 species of fish in our seafood area, of which only 65 species of fish are the most favorably-qualified. Besides, there are 36 species of marine shrimp, 3 species of lobster, 25 species of tortoise and 11 species of crabs. Bangladesh’s domestic and marine ponds are highly enriched in fisheries resources and its organism-diversity is highly diverse. However, its production capacity could not be fully utilized yet.
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