Adult Learning Practices, Andragogy Vs Pedagogy, Contemporary Workplace Learning Practices, And Assessment Strategies

Adult Learning Practices and Principles

Ans- 1.1:- Adult learning practices is a situation where education are pursued by the adults. The principles used by the adult learning practices today are: – Mental orientation, Self direction, Mentorship and readiness to learn, Motivation, Transformation [1].

Ans- 1.2:- The difference between Andragogy and Pedagogy are:-

Basis	Andragogy	Pedagogy Save Time On Research and Writing Hire a Pro to Write You a 100% Plagiarism-Free Paper. Get My Paper
1. Dependence	Learner is  independent	Adults is a dependent personality
2. Resources for learning	The learner has few resources	Adults use their own and other’s experience
3. Focus of Learning	Learning is subject centred	Adult learning is task or problem centred
4. Motivation	Motivation comes from external sources	Motivation comes from Internal sources

Ans- 2. 1. 1. The change will bridge the gaps in the access and social participation of the students. The dropout rate will also decrease.

Ans- 2.1 2. It will bring opportunities of diverse work along with the awareness of workplace culture. Theoretical knowledge along with the soft skills will also improve. Future aspirations and decisions can be made accordingly.

Ans- 2.2:- Contempory Workplace Learning practices focuses on training that an individual receives while they are at work and they can also learn through their daily work practices. It emphasizes on learning provided to individuals and engaging them in work activities within workplaces [2].

Ans- 3.1:- The information that must be included in in a training and assessment learning strategy is the target training product code and title. The data through which the data can be reviewed are:-

• Feedback from trainers
• Student surveys
• Complaints or appeals
• Industry consultants

Ans- 3.2:- According to the vocational education and training legislation and regulatory guidelines, Training and Assessment Strategy is the approach with respect to which training and assessment are designed to enables the learners to meet the requirements of the training package [3].

Ans-4.1 The learning resource ensures that students are developing necessary skills adequate to the environment [4].

Ans-4.2 Expertise of data analysis, field service, selection of theme format and content is required.

Ans- 5.1:- The importance of designing and management of designing and management of learning objects and content are:-

• It helps in designing learning materials is learning object and makes it easier to reuse content rather than recreating it is time the designer needs that content in another topic lessons module or  course [5].

Ans- 5.2:- The Components of learning objectives are:-

1. Learning objective- It states that learning objective is meaningful and able to catch student attention.
2. Subtitle- It gives the brief introduction about the topic of the learning objects using various strategies.
3. Training Purpose- It is important to communicate the training purposes of each lesson is a clear way.
4. Learning objective index- It is about the part that the student will be following to achieve the specific training objective.

Ans-6.1:-

Learning Style	Explanation	How to encourage learners
Theoretical learners	Learner is a type of knowledge towards which the learning process is directed and then appears both as the motivation and student need of learning has become objectified and the activity objective.	To create a pressure upon the person who avail theoretical learning.
Pragmatic Learners	Pragmatic learner is the type of learning which rates knowledge always based on its usability for the concrete solution of a problem.	Role play, Character interviews, Classroom displays, Interviews of the characters.
Activist Learners	Activists learners are the people who learn by doing.	Involving in new experiences, opportunities and problems, role-play, opportunities of analysing and interpreting data must be given.
Reflective Learners	Reflective learning is a form of education in which an individual reflects their own learning experiences.	Must provide them reasons and evidence, and they must be asked the right questions.
Kinaesthetic learners	A kinaesthetic learner is someone who needs to be engaged actively in their learning.	Can use media sources like audio, video and images. Technology must be used wherever possible. They must be asked to create their own notes.
Audio Learners	Audio learners are a learning style in which a person learns through listening.	By using mnemonics, jingles, rhymes and they must be asked to practice self-monitoring.
Tactile Learners	Tactile learners are the learners who like to write things down or take notes while learning.	Physical touch will help their multi-sensory organs to complete their learning process.
Left and Right brain Learners	It means either the left or the right brain of the learner is dominant.	For left brainers break task into small targets, provide clear instructions along with statistical info graphics. For right brainers poster and visual trainings can be given.

Ans: – 7.1:- The three types of learning styles are:-

1. Visual- To integrate this learning style into the classroom and educator must focus on the outlines and hand-outs of the subject matters.
2. Auditory- Educator needs to focus on the activities like brainstorming or discussion groups [6].
3. Kinesthetic- Educators needs to use various activities to motivate the learners.

Ans-7.2:- The 3 types of Modern Teaching Method are:-

1. Collaborative Learning
2. Spaced Learning
3. Self-Learning

Ans- 7.3:- The different types of Modern methods of assessment are:-

1. Psychological Appraisals
2. Management by objectives
3. Grading

Ans- 8.1:- Pedagogical theory is a systematic conceptualization of the process of education and conditions of human development in both the individual and the societal life.

Ans-8.2:- The factors that may affect the learner interests are-

1. Intellectual factor- Mental level can directly affect individual learning.
2. Learning Factors- The working method of the faculty sometimes affects an individual learning.

Ans-8.3:-To accommodate changing learning styles, the following must be considered:-

1. Engaging the student in conversation about the subject matter.
2. Students must be questioned about the material.
3. Students should be asked for the oral summaries of material.

Ans-8.4:- Information and Communication Technology can also be defined as the technologies used to handle telecommunications, broadcast media, network based control etc.

Ans-9.1:- The four relevant sources of learning resources and materials are:-

1. Textbooks
2. Relevant Study Materials.
3. Software
4. Video Recordings

Ans-9.2:- The four ways by which learning resources and materials can be made attractive to learners are:-

1. By relating new theory to old knowledge
2. By linking course content to real life situation
3. By applying theory to practice in real life
4. Teaching the theory in an interested way.

Ans-10.1:- Andragogy learning theory focus on giving students an understanding of why they are doing something, lots of hands-on experiences, and less instruction so they can tackle things themselves [7].

Ans- 10.2:- The adult learning theories are:-

1. Andragogy
2. Action Learning
3. Transformation Learning
4. Experimental Learning
5. Self-Directed Learning
6. Project Based Learning

Ans-11-

Training technique	Explanation	When to use them
Instruction and Explanation	Instruction is when someone tells something to do. Explanation is a statement that clarifies a situation or a problem	When you are asking someone to do something and explanation is required when someone is seeking clarity or is confused.
Questioning	It is expressing doubts regarding the value of something.	When someone is in confusion or doubt.
Practice	The method of repeating a task repeatedly till it becomes perfect.	When someone cannot perform a task wrongly on a repeatedly basis.
Written Information	The information that are written in writing form.	When someone ask the information to be written instead of dictated verbally.
Group, pair and team activities	The activities that are performed in a group or a team.	When there is huge task or activities then it is being divided in a group and teams are being formed and everyone works with a collective effort.
Individual activities	The activities that are performed by an individual.	When there is a short activity/ a task assigned to an individual; then that individual is collective responsible for that assigned task.
Demonstration	It is the act of explaining someone how to perform the task.	When someone requires clarity upon some work then he/she is demonstrated the assigned task.

References

Tennant M. Psychology and adult learning: The role of theory in informing practice. Routledge; 2019 Aug29

.https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9780429023255/psychology-adult-learning-mark-tennant

Fuller A. Vocational education. International encyclopedia of the social & behavioral sciences. 2015 Jan 1;25:232-8.

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Alison-Fuller/publication/304194229_Vocational_Education/links/5bebdc0ca6fdcc3a8dd4a62f/Vocational-Education.pdf

Ottewill R, Wall A. Vocationalism and relevance in higher education: issues concerning the delivery of contextual material to first-year students on business and public sector courses. Journal of Vocational Education and Training. 2000 Sep 1;52(3):521-34..

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13636820000200129

Bušljeta R. Effective use of teaching and learning resources. Czech-polish historical and pedagogical journal. 2013 Jul 1;5(2).

https://journals.muni.cz/cphpjournal/article/view/15028

Hamel CJ, Ryan-Jones D. Designing instruction with learning objects. International Journal of Educational Technology. 2002 Nov;3(1):111-24.

https://ascilite.org/archived-journals/ijet/v3n1/hamel/

Weinstein CE, Underwood VL. Learning strategies: The how of learning. Thinking and learning skills. 1985;1:241-58..

https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=lH 3AwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA241&dq=articles+on+learning+strategies,+teaching,+and+assessment+methods&ots=0kcQZ8nhF0&sig=ycSfCUYHiHYqXekTyzyMhi4Svco

Herod L. Adult learning from theory to practice. Family Literacy Events Committee; 2003.

https://jarche.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/adult_learning.pdf