1). Nintendo operates in more than 30 countries worldwide; however the three biggest operating centers are in United States, United Kingdom and Japan where the headquarters is located (Brichetto et al., 2013). The company plans to expand over to more countries in the future and they are already one of the biggest gaming company in the world.
2). All three of the countries are members of the IMF, the World Bank and WTO. Both United States and United Kingdom became a member of IMF and the World Bank on December 27, 1945, whereas Japan became an IMF and the World Bank member on August 13, 1952. On the other hand, United States, United Kingdom and Japan became a member of the WTO on 1 January 1995.
3).These three countries very actively follow the guidelines of the IMF, the World Bank and WTO (Banga, 2013). These three countries became the members of the major international institutions when these institutions were formed and since then they are very active members.
4).The three countries mentioned above do promote globalization. However unlike United States and United Kingdom, Japan is more conservative towards their society, they are very conscious about their hierarchical position. Their political institutions are transparent and are driven through competition, achievement and success. United Kingdom and United States on the other hand believes that inequalities amongst people should be diminished (Holden & Jacobsen, 2014).
All of the three countries have functioning judiciary systems. Japan has five types of has passes decisions: the Supreme Court, High Court, District Court, Family Court and Summary court. The judiciary system of United States is similar to that of Japan. United Kingdom has more varieties like The Magistrates, Coroners, Ecclesiastical and Crown Court.
5).All the three countries mentioned above practice policies that promote globalization. Governance is a major factor when considering foreign policy challenges and it is also one of the most difficult ones. If it is not maintained properly it can lead to corruption and lack of economic development. When talking about the factor of competitive markets, all the three countries mentioned are in top of the most competitive markets list in the world. Property rights are recognized and enforced in all the mentioned countries (Scaglioni-Solano & Aragón-Vargas, 2014). Property can be rented or leashed however sub-lease is not legalized with the consent of the owner. It is debatable whether globalization has actually made corruption even worse. As research shows that some businesses in developing economics have furthered.
6).Nintendo is a producer of goods. However in the beginning, they tried many businesses like cab or hotel services. However after the 1980’s the organization turned into one of the giants of video gaming and changed the gaming industry all over the world. They started as a playing card company and from the mid 70s they started producing their own hardware and their console games in 64 bit color. Ever since then, they made developed various consoles based on their games and after that they started producing for arcades (Condry, 2013). The success that followed gave Nintendo a huge boost which in turn led to create iconic franchises like Mario and Donkey Kong. The company saw the major success that their games created and from the 1980s they started outsourcing their products internationally and they are widely acclaimed throughout the world (Holmes et al., 2013).
7). A tariff can be considered a type of tax which is implemented on a product. These products are exported outside the country and thus sold at an expensive rate to consumers than its original price domestically. In case of Nintendo, the tariff impacts on the cost of consoles and its hardware because they are manufactured in Japan mostly. Having said that, the Government sets the ground rules because the demand of these products worldwide and they are not easily available in some countries (Egger et al., 2015).
8).In order to pay for the process of importing products to a different country, all the three countries mentioned above, export a variety of goods and services to different countries. Japan exports its products to United States and United Kingdom and many more countries. It is because of the trade bloc system in these countries; this process is possible and is carried out effectively. Nintendo carries out trade through other countries
9). Nintendo would be better off with a trade liberalization like WTO because it helps trade throughout the world flow smoothly and it provided their members with fair methods to settle trade disputes so they do not have to resort to any harmful measures like war (Dutt, Mihov & Van Zandt, 2013). On the other hand, it does not mean that trade blocs are not helpful. They exist within a geographical location which normally reduces any kind of tariff barriers which are exported and thus it is better if considered by economical means (Khandelwal, Schott & Wei, 2013).
10). First of all it is important to know about the culture of the foreign country. For a video gaming company like Nintendo, the international market has a huge preference towards quality and its brand. The language is also a factor when talking about a negotiation between a foreign country and any company. Ethics and value also makes an impact towards international business. It is important to know all the details before making an offer, such as status, region, ethnicity and religion (Tang, Snowden, & Höök, 2013).
The chosen company for this project is Nintendo which is one of the largest multinational consumer electronics and gaming company which is headquartered at Kyoto. It is considered to be one of the largest video game companies and is known for creating some of the most popular and top selling franchises for video games like Mario, The Legend of Zelda and Pokémon. The following project will assess the various questions related to the multinational video gaming company in relation to the countries United States, United Kingdom and Japan and will overview the process of how the countries trade and how products are outsourced.
References:
Banga, R. (2013). Measuring value in global value chains. Background paper RVC-8. Geneva: UNCTAD.
Brichetto, G., Spallarossa, P., de Carvalho, M. L. L., & Battaglia, M. A. (2013). The effect of Nintendo® Wii® on balance in people with multiple sclerosis: a pilot randomized control study. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 19(9), 1219-1221.
Condry, I. (2013). Japanese hip-hop and the globalization of popular culture. Introductory Readings in Anthropology, 241.
Dutt, P., Mihov, I., & Van Zandt, T. (2013). The effect of WTO on the extensive and the intensive margins of trade. Journal of international Economics, 91(2), 204-219.
Egger, P., Francois, J., Manchin, M., & Nelson, D. (2015). Non-tariff barriers, integration and the transatlantic economy. Economic Policy, 30(83), 539-584.
Holden, C. W., & Jacobsen, S. (2014). Liquidity measurement problems in fast, competitive markets: Expensive and cheap solutions. The Journal of Finance, 69(4), 1747-1785.
Holmes, J. D., Jenkins, M. E., Johnson, A. M., Hunt, M. A., & Clark, R. A. (2013). Validity of the Nintendo Wii® balance board for the assessment of standing balance in Parkinson’s disease. Clinical Rehabilitation, 27(4), 361-366.
Khandelwal, A. K., Schott, P. K., & Wei, S. J. (2013). Trade liberalization and embedded institutional reform: evidence from Chinese exporters. American Economic Review, 103(6), 2169-95.
Scaglioni-Solano, P., & Aragón-Vargas, L. F. (2014). Validity and reliability of the Nintendo Wii Balance Board to assess standing balance and sensory integration in highly functional older adults. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 37(2), 138-143.
Tang, X., Snowden, S., & Höök, M. (2013). Analysis of energy embodied in the international trade of UK. Energy Policy, 57, 418-428.
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