Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953)
Fascist dictator of Italy (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia (1935), joined Germany in the Axis pact (1936), and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy. (p. 786)
He led Europe into World War II. (p. 786)
(1879-1955) A German Jew, Stated that matter and energy are interchangeable, and that even a particle of matter contains enormous amounts of potential energy. He also stated that the speed of light is the only thing constant from all frames of reference.
United States physicist and molecular biologist who helped develop the first atom bomb and later opposed the use of all nuclear weapons (1898-1964)
United States physicist (born in Hungary) who worked on the first atom bombs and the first hydrogen bomb (born in 1908)
He is particularly remembered for his indomitable spirit while leading Great Britain to victory in World War II.
Conference in 1933 subverted by FDR’s attempts to protect US dollars from deflation
FDR’s foreign policy of promoting better relations w/Latin America by using economic influence rater than military force in the region
Led by Cordell Hull, it helped reverse the high-tariff policy.
a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)
the political party founded in Germany in 1919 and brought to power by Hitler in 1933
The alliance between Italy and Germany (Mussolini and Hitler)
refers to the United States’ refusal to participate in foreign affairs or commerce
Originally designed to avoid American involvement in World War II by preventing loans to those countries taking part in the conflict; they were later modified in 1939 to allow aid to Great Britain and other Allied nations.
civil war in Spain in which General Franco succeeded in overthrowing the republican government
Speech that marks turning point in US policy from isolationism to interventionism
Wouldn’t stop. He was a power hungry man.
This was the surprise move by Hitler to secure his Eastern front, giving him the green light to march on Poland, and after that, his march on the Western Democracies. Though Hitler and Stalin were foes, Stalin hoped that Germany and the Western Democracies would kill each other off, leaving him the ruler of Europe. At long last Britain and France realized the folly of appeasement. Roosevelt promptly issued Neutrality proclamations including the Cash-and-Carry system. With this pact, World War II was only hours away. (832)
Germany invaded, breaking their agreement, so Britain and France declared war, starting World War II
United States aid to Great Britain that did not cause U.S. to loose its position of neutrality
Those taken to concentration camps were treaty horribly. Jews made of most of the refugee population.
special police force in Nazi Germany founded as a personal bodyguard for Adolf Hitler in 1925
The Third German Empire, established by Adolf Hitler in the 1930s.
Many Jews left Europe to avoid persecution. They came to United States most of the time. Some famous Jewish Immigrants are Albert Einstein, Hannah Arendt, and Marc Chagall.
was a phase in early World War II marked by few military operations in Continental Europe, in the months following the German invasion of Poland and preceding the Battle of France. Although the great powers of Europe had declared war on one another, neither side had yet committed to launching a significant attack, and there was relatively little fighting on the ground
the prolonged bombardment of British cities by the German Luftwaffe during World War II and the aerial combat that accompanied it
Franklin D. Roosevelt/democrat (“reluctant servant”) vs. Wendell Wilkie/republican= Roosevelt
allows America to sell, lend, or lease arms or other war supplies to any nation considered “vital to the defense of the U.S.”
Allowed Britain to catch breath and take a break from war
1941-Pledge signed by US president FDR and British prime minister Winston Churchill not to acquire new territory as a result of WWII amd to work for peace after the war
japan attacked america on december 7,1941; only time america had been attacked by a foreign country before 9/11
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