Australia Mall Constructions â€“ Engineers And Contractors

Key Objectives of the Proposed Project

Australia Mall Constructions – Engineers and Contractors is a well-known established name in the construction industry in Central Australia. XYZ management form has come up with an idea of constructing a 2-storey mall in the Queensland city of Australia. The total duration of project will be 18 months. The vision of the proposed project is to design specification of the mall, purchase materials for construction, recruitment and hiring of the skilled laborers and prepare complete work plan for the mall construction.

On the basis of previous projects and environmental conditions, XYZ management has found that the proposed project is feasible on all parameters of technical, operational and financial. The mall construction project will be based on the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBoK) and it is constricted to be completed in 18 months duration and also within the allotted budget of AUD 600,000. The project also includes obtaining permits and signed contracts which should not take more than 4 days for clearance. The project shall be headed by the project manager who will be appointed by the XYZ management.

Following are key objectives of the proposed project:

An advanced operating mall for visitors of all age groups.
Mall shall have a multi-level under-ground parking area.
An integrated water re-cycle management plan to stand on the needs for amenities.
To construct buildings such as plant and maintenance rooms, retail shops spaces.

Following are key technical requirements of the project:

The approval for constructing of mall at the designated site should be attained before starting the project.
Work permit should be attained from associated municipal corporations.
The management should visit the site and inspect it before bidding for it.
The management should ensure that safety measures are followed for all the laborers.

The required data for the proposed project shall be collected using mixed methodology in which secondary qualitative data will be collected from literature reviews of similar project done in the past and primary survey shall be conducted using surveys of construction industry experts.

Following are key limits and exclusions of the mall construction project:

The cost of the site and infrastructure shall remain stable till the land is purchased and if there is any deviation in the cost then project shall not be involved in arranging for the additional costs.
The marketing of the mall for publicity is not a part of the project.
There is only provision of extending the deadline of the mall construction by 45 days.
The construction process has to be done within the rules and regulations of associated municipal corporation.

Following are key deliverables of the project along with their respective owner:

Owner	Deliverables
Project Manager	Customer satisfaction Project completion as per deadline and budget
Chief Financial Officer	Budget report
Project Director	Civil and structural engineering
Head Contractor	Construction activities
Head Architect	Mall design and planning

(Devi & Reddy, 2012)

Following are key milestones of the project:

Architectural Preliminaries
Contract sign-offs
Preliminary cost estimation
Obtain mall permit
Approved designs
Hired contractor
Mall construction
Parking construction
Opening of mall

The work breakdown structure, as shown below, depicts work packages which are required for successful completion of project (Australian Development Corporation, 2009):

Change request form shall be used to manage the changes in a project and to communicate the same using a streamlined approach. Any of the team members may submit a change request. It shall comprise of a detailed description of the change and shall cite the reason for the change being requested. The details, such as costs, schedule, effort, and scope shall be specified as well. The processes for change control are as listed below (SAEO, 2015):

The reason for the change shall be identified.
A change request form shall be filled up and submitted for approval.
The team shall log the requested change in the change control register and evaluate the same on the parameters as schedule, costs, risks, and scope.
The submission of the request shall be done to the board and the board must review the changes.
The proposed changes shall be discussed and the decision shall be made to approve or reject the changes.
Project Manager shall assign the resources responsible for making the change in case it is approved (C.R & Thomas, 2011).

Schedule plan –

WBS	Task Name	Cost	Start	Finish	Duration
1	Mall construction	$517,240.00	Fri 02/02/18	Fri 28/02/20	541 days
1.1	Stage 1: Preliminaries	$50,960.00	Fri 02/02/18	Wed 02/05/18	64 days
1.2	Stage 2: Mall schematic designs	$49,120.00	Thu 03/05/18	Tue 16/10/18	119 days
1.3	Stage 3: Design development	$9,600.00	Wed 17/10/18	Thu 01/11/18	12 days
1.4	Stage 4: Site	$11,600.00	Fri 02/11/18	Thu 22/11/18	15 days
1.5	Stage 5: Construction	$395,960.00	Fri 23/11/18	Thu 27/02/20	330 days
1.6	Final Walk-through	$0.00	Fri 28/02/20	Fri 28/02/20	1 day

(C.R & Thomas, 2011)

The cost shall be managed through top bottom-up method as shown in following tabular form (C.R & Thomas, 2011):

Task Name	Cost	Duration	Predecessors
Mall construction	$517,240.00	541 days
Stage 1: Preliminaries	$50,960.00	64 days
Create WBS	$15,200.00	20 days
WBS sign-off	$2,400.00	3 days	3
Create architecture preliminary	$560.00	1 day	4
Milestone 1: Design preliminary	$0.00	0 days
Create architecture	$8,400.00	15 days	5
Create project plan	$9,600.00	15 days	5
Create budget	$12,000.00	15 days	5
Create contracts	$2,800.00	5 days	7,8,9
Milestone 1: Project plan	$0.00	0 days	10
Stage 2: Mall schematic designs	$49,120.00	119 days
Create initial site designs	$12,000.00	3 wks	11
Review designs	$0.00	4 days	13
Get feedback	$5,120.00	4 days	14
Re-build schematic design	$3,200.00	4 days	15
Review stage 2	$0.00	4 days	16
Get feedback 2	$8,960.00	7 days	17
Re-build schematic design	$3,840.00	3 days	18
Final review	$0.00	10 days	19
Milestone 3: Approved schematic designs	$16,000.00	20 days	20
Stage 3: Design development	$9,600.00	12 days
Construction Documents	$9,600.00	12 days
Bid for contractor	$1,600.00	2 days	21
Select contractor	$8,000.00	2 wks.	24
Stage 4: Site	$11,600.00	15 days
Request permit	$7,600.00	10 days	25
Approve permit	$4,000.00	5 days	27
Milestone 4: Permit approval	$0.00	0 days	28
Stage 5: Construction	$395,960.00	330 days
Main building	$40,000.00	28 days
Inspect site	$4,000.00	5 days	29
Clean the site	$3,520.00	2 days	29
Stockpile	$22,400.00	3 wks.	32,33
Perform excavation	$4,800.00	5 days	34
Foundation excavation	$5,280.00	3 days	35
Foundation	$56,720.00	15 days
Create footings	$1,920.00	4 days	36
Reinforcing installation	$1,920.00	4 days	36
Inspection of foot	$5,800.00	5 days	36
Pout flooring	$4,800.00	5 days	36
Pin flooring	$4,800.00	5 days	36
Set Block	$4,800.00	5 days	36
Create block foundation	$4,800.00	5 days	36
Get foundation certificate	$5,800.00	5 days	36
Steel delivery	$3,840.00	4 days	36
Lenticels set up	$3,840.00	4 days	36
Lumber delivery	$2,400.00	3 days	36
Water proofing	$8,800.00	5 days	38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48
Create parking	$3,200.00	4 days	49
Carpentry	$46,720.00	85 days
Steel set up	$1,880.00	1 day	50
Parking	$13,280.00	8 days	50
Food court	$6,640.00	4 days	50
Make seat arrangement	$3,200.00	4 days	54,52,53
Make ground professional	$3,200.00	4 days	55
Roof trusse	$6,640.00	4 days	56
Set up of roof	$11,880.00	2.6 wks	57
Electric Rough-in	$21,560.00	19 days
Electric box set up	$3,680.00	2 days	58
Install ESP	$3,680.00	2 days	58
Inspection of electric wire	$2,600.00	3 days	58
Rough wiring of electric wire	$11,600.00	2 wks	58
Roofing	$19,360.00	7 days
Roofing paper	$5,280.00	3 days	58
Create shingles	$1,760.00	1 day	58
Install shingles	$12,320.00	7 days	58
Exterior Finishes	$53,760.00	56 days
Siding	$2,880.00	3 days	61,62,63,64,65,66,67
Trim exterior	$6,720.00	7 days	69
Arch forms	$960.00	1 day	69
Venner brisement	$43,200.00	45 days	71,70
Insulation	$5,760.00	4 days
Air sealing	$960.00	1 day	72
Draft fire stop	$960.00	1 day	72
Install batt	$2,880.00	3 days	72
BGE inspection	$960.00	1 day	75,76,74
Drywall	$24,960.00	18 days
Drywall stock	$960.00	1 day	77
Drywall hang	$4,800.00	5 days	77
Scrap removal	$960.00	1 day	77
Crywall tape	$14,400.00	15 days	77
Drywall sand	$960.00	1 day	77
Point up drywall	$2,880.00	3 days	79,80,81,82,83
Finishing flooring	$24,960.00	26 days
Title ceramic	$14,400.00	15 days	84
Floor hardening	$3,840.00	4 days	86
Hardwood staging	$4,800.00	5 days	87
Hardwood coat	$1,920.00	2 days	88
Painting	$33,280.00	32 days
Prepare prime coat	$2,080.00	2 days	89
Drywall prime paint	$2,080.00	2 days	91
Prepare tim	$2,080.00	2 days	92
Prepare coat trim	$10,400.00	10 days	93
Drywall coat finishing	$14,560.00	14 days	94
Door clacking	$1,040.00	1 day	95
Finish Coat Exterior Trim & Siding	$1,040.00	1 day	96
Interior Trim	$28,080.00	20 days
Create Interior Trim Delivery	$1,080.00	1 day	97
Interior Doors	$5,400.00	5 days	97
Interior Trim installation	$16,200.00	15 days	97
Cabinetry installation	$5,400.00	5 days	9,91,00,101
Plumbing Trim	$6,240.00	5 days
Fixture set up	$4,160.00	4 days	102
Appliance connect set up	$1,040.00	1 day	102
Plumbing inspection	$1,040.00	1 day	1,04,105
Exterior Landscaping	$20,160.00	7 days
Patios	$6,720.00	7 days	106
Porches	$4,800.00	5 days	106
Decks	$6,720.00	7 days	106
Driveways landscaping	$1,920.00	2 days	106
Electrical Final Trim	$4,160.00	4 days
Plugging	$2,080.00	2 days	1,11,11,01,09,108
Install fixture	$1,040.00	1 day	113
Connect appliance	$1,040.00	1 day	114
Final set	$5,120.00	6 days
Trim Doors	$4,320.00	4 days	115
Paint Touch-up	$800.00	2 days	117
Cleaning	$5,120.00	5 days
Ground cleaning	$1,920.00	3 days	118
Rough Clean	$1,920.00	3 days	118
Final Clean	$1,280.00	2 days	1,20,121
Final Walk-through	$0.00	1 day	122

(Burke & Barron, 2014)

A procurement plan contains a plan for procuring he required materials along with the justification of financial implementation. The plan is prepared on the basis of 3-step procedure. It contains listing of all tasks of projects with their schedule. It is performed on the basis of resource requirements and time of each task along with process development for procurement ( Project Management Institute, 2016). Following tables shows the items which are to be acquired along with person responsible for performing the procurement:

Item/Service	Procurement Role	Category
Raw materials	Procurement Manager	Hardware
Cutting Blades	Procurement Manager	Hardware
Construction materials	Procurement manager	Hardware
Other Spare parts	Procurement Manager	Hardware

In order to ensure that the project meets the quality standards, there is a quality baseline that shall be met on a mandatory basis. Quality testing is one of the activities that shall be carried out throughout the project and before it is provided and handed over to the project client. Six Sigma quality parameters shall be used to measure the quality and DMAIC approach must be utilized for the same. Quality Assurance (QA) must be done by the Quality Manager along with the senior management to validate and verify the project quality as per the DMAIC methodology. Quality Control (QC) is also one of the essential activities that shall be carried out to assess the project performance and to implement the improvements as per the need. The applicable set of control actions, such as preventive, detective, etc. shall be taken thereafter (Jackline, 2015).

DMAIC Phase	Project Quality Tool	Description
Define	Charter	It is the initial tool that shall list down the requirements of the project in terms of managing and maintaining its quality. The resources responsible for implementing the same shall also be included (Jayaraman, 2014).
	Stakeholder Analysis	Identification and prioritization of the stakeholders
	Plan of Communication	Communication plan covering the model and modes of communication in the project.
	Client Voice	Implementation of the client feedback (Bruce & Langdon, 2009)
	Supplier-Input-Process-Output-Customer (SIPOC)	Implementation of customer wishes and expectations as per the comments received
Measure	Critical to Quality	Assessment of the quality parameters that are critical to the client and to implement the same for the enhancement of client engagement and satisfaction (Baguley, 2008).
	Metrics (Operational Definition)	Data collection techniques and the definition of each of the techniques
	Process Map (Flow Chart)	Sequence of the project activities along with the issues and bottlenecks

Key Technical Requirements of the Project

Risk management plan for the project has been developed as a live document that will be modified and updates during the entire timeline of the project. It will act as a guideline for the project resources in the case of the occurrence of the risks in the project and a set of measures will be provided to control and mitigate the same. An insight in to the risks and issues will be provided by the members in the project team and there will be a probability and severity score assigned to each of the project risk. Risk register will be used to include all of the project risks and a resource will be assigned for every risk for controlled mitigation (Dell’Isola, 2015).

Risk/Responsibility	Potential Causes	Potential Responses	Severity
Exceeding budget allocated	Changes in Project scope Increase in prices construction materials Issues were identified late in the project planning	Weekly project meetings are conducted to review budget at the completion of each stage. To mitigate risks, contingency planning should be conducted. Increase duration of laborers working hours.	Very High (16)
Deadline overrun (Project manager)	Improper management of schedule WBS work package are not defined properly.	Weekly project ream should be identified to figure out the current and future risks. Make compromises in least relevant areas of project.	Very High (20)
Unable to meet needs of the customer (Project Manager)	Deadlines are not met	Increase duration of laborers working hours. Conduct meetings with stakeholders and customers to decide over risks, cost plans, mitigation process and activities (PMI, 2016).s	High (12)
Unable to meet needs to customer (Project manager)	Incorrect vision Designs are faulty	Take consultations on various changes The management should remain in update the client about the progress and take the feedbacks at regular intervals. Clients should be engaged in daily review sessions of the project (EC, 2005)	High (9)
Risks associated with the involved workers and employees (Project director)	Hazards involved in the project are not identified correctly and hence improper safety measures have been taken to mitigate them.	Consult industry construction experts. An open-line of communication should be maintained among the project team members. Consultation with field experts Test the steps taken for site safety. Site safety measures should be tested with the contractor every month (Jayaraman, 2014)	Medium (6)
Delay in supplies which are leading to delay in project completion (Head Contractor)	Improper communication between suppliers and stakeholders	An open-line of communication should be maintained among the supplier. Identify delivery dates and register good suppliers in the company. Use alternatives of materials. Delay in material arrival should be compensated by increasing working hours in nights (Millhollan, 2008).	Very High (12)

The project shall take the form of projectized organization structure to enhance corporation among the team members. It will also clearly define the roles and responsibilities of all project resources. Project manager and project director shall report directly to XYZ management committee. The supplier shall report to project director and other resources such as head contractor, head architect and chief financial officer shall to project manager (Burke, 2013).

(Singh & Bhatia, 2002).

Resource Name	Type	Std. Rate	Cost/Use	Accrue At	Base Calendar
Project Manager	Work	$100.00/hr	$0.00	Prorated	Standard
Design Engineer	Work	$80.00/hr	$0.00	Prorated	Standard
Excavating	Work	$50.00/hr	$0.00	Prorated	Standard
Surveying	Work	$60.00/hr	$0.00	Prorated	Standard
Plumbing	Work	$45.00/hr	$0.00	Prorated	Standard
Electrical	Work	$50.00/hr	$0.00	Prorated	Standard
Purchasing	Work	$50.00/hr	$0.00	Prorated	Standard
Assistants (3)	Work	$65.00/hr	$0.00	Prorated	Standard
HR	Work	$95.00/hr	$0.00	Prorated	Standard
Architect	Work	$80.00/hr	$0.00	Prorated	Standard
PROCUREMENT ENGINEER	Work	$95.00/hr	$0.00	Prorated	Standard
Laborers	Work	$40.00/hr	$0.00	Prorated	Standard
QA	Work	$65.00/hr	$0.00	Prorated	Standard
Carpenters	Work	$55.00/hr	$0.00	Prorated	Standard
Plumbers	Work	$50.00/hr	$0.00	Prorated	Standard
Electricians	Work	$50.00/hr	$0.00	Prorated	Standard
Whitewashers	Work	$50.00/hr	$0.00	Prorated	Standard
Contractor	Work	$70.00/hr	$0.00	Prorated	Standard
Engineer	Work	$80.00/hr	$0.00	Prorated	Standard

The project has been prepared on the basis PMBoK principles where in each of the principle has been followed up. But there is still some area which are left out because of non-availability of required resources. For instance: cost deviation is not managed in the project. It can be conducted when experienced industry experts are available and least possible budget is used to hire and manage them.

References

Australian Development Corporation, 2009. Guidelines for Project and Programme Evaluations, s.l.: Australian Development Corporation.

Baguley, P., 2008. Project management. London: Hodder Education.

Bruce, A. & Langdon, K., 2009. Project management. London: Dorling Kindersley..

Burke, R. & Barron, S., 2014. Project Management Leadership: Building Creative Teams. S.l.:John Wiley & Sons.

Burke, R., 2013. Project Management: Planning and Control Techniques. S.l.:John Wiley & Sons.

C.R, K. & Thomas, S. M., 2011. Requirement Gathering for small Projects using Agile Methods. IJCA, pp. 122-128.

Dell’Isola, M. D., 2015. Strategies For Budgeting, Estimating and Managing Projects, s.l.: Faithful Gould.

Devi, T. & Reddy, V., 2012. Work Breakdown Structure of the Project. International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications , pp. 683-686.

EC, 2005. Understanding and Monitoring the Cost-Determining Factors of Infrastructure Projects, s.l.: EC.

EFFO, 2009. Serving the Community Through Successful Project Delivery: A User Guide to Post Implementation Reviews , s.l.: EFFO.

Galway, L., 2004. Quantitative Risk Analysis for Project Management, s.l.: Rand Corporation.

Heerkens, G., 2015. Project management. USA: Mcgraw-Hill Education..

Jackline, 2015. Different Motivation Theories To Manage Project Team Efficiently. [Online]
Available at: https://www.whizlabs.com/blog/different-motivation-theories-to-manage-project-team-efficiently/

Jayaraman, R., 2014. Project cost control: a new method to plan and control costs in large projects. BUSINESS PROCESS MANAGEMENT JOURNAL, pp. 1247-1268.

Khan, P. M. & Beg, M. S., 2012. Measuring Cost of Quality (coq) on SDLC Projects is Indispensible for Effective Software Quality Assurance. International Journal of Soft Computing And Software Engineering (JSCSE), pp. 1-15.

Millhollan, C., 2008. Scope change control: control your projects or your projects will control you!, s.l.: PMI.

Project Management Institute, 2016. A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge. S.l.: Project Management Institute.

PMI, 2016. Project Communications Management. S.l.:PMI.

SAEO, 2015. Cost Estimating Manual for Projects , s.l.: SAEO.

Singh, N., 2005. Motivation : Theories and Practical Applications. S.l.:Deep Publications.

Singh, N. & Bhatia, S., 2002. Principles and Techniques of Personnel Management/HRM. S.l.:Deep Publications.

Vleems, M., 2018. Measuring project performance: a method of project comparison, s.l.: Open University of the Netherlands.

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