The health behaviour that is discussed in this report is consumption of alcohol and smoking which causes mental illness. This in turn covers a wide range of mental health condition like disorders that can affect the physical and mental condition of a person. Some of the outcome that are caused due to mental illness is depression, anxiety disorder and other behavioural changes (Erickson, Mackenzie, Menec & Bailis, 2017) . The mental health conditions can cause mental illness when they symptoms and signs cause frequent stress and depression. The symptoms of mental illness affect the behaviour of a person. Thus, it is recommended that consumption of alcohol and smoking habits can be prevented by paying attention to it regularly and offering routine medical care to a person. In this report the behavioural changes that occur to smoking and alcohol consumption in people of all age group are discussed. Some of the theoretical perspectives that have been applied to support behaviour change are also discussed (Erickson, Mackenzie, Menec & Bailis, 2017) . There are various potential barriers that are faced by people due to mental illness are discussed and the ways to overcome are also listed.
The behaviour that is commonly seen these days is higher consumption of alcohol and smoking habits, it is seen in majority of people from youngsters to old age people. The area of concern in this report is about acute mental illness that can be caused due to these baehaviour (Denneson, Cromer, Williams, Pisciotta & Dobscha, 2017). It is important to treat this immediately as it can have some sever effects. It is a complex medical condition as it may causes disorders ad can degrade the quality of life. It directly affects the personality of a person. These habits affect the people of all age group. It results in causing anxiety, disorders attack or depression. The common reason seen in individual for mental illness is mixture of biological, psychological and environmental factors. Mental health disorder occurs due to lack of control or support. From all the statistics, it was found that mental illness can be seen in people of all age group (Denneson, Cromer, Williams, Pisciotta & Dobscha, 2017). It is seen it children of age 6 to 12 as they develop serious depression due to pressure or lack of love. It is also seen in adolescent’s age as they experience mental disorder due to peer pressure. These habits are increasing and the reason behind this is social media as there is no strong control. Apart from that, people between ages 22 to 44 also suffer from mental illness and the reason behind this is increasing stress due to family, education or relative. Depression is common in older adults as they are more likely to suffer from sadness. The outcome of these is related to physical health as well as human behaviour. With increasing stress an individuals have adopted wrong habits like smoking so that stress could be reduced (Davis, Carter, Myers & Rocca, 2018). The reason behind this behaviour in all age group is due to consumption of alcohol and taboo, stress and depression. It is seen that increasing habits may causes disease which indicated long term depression. From the survey, it was found that mental illness is increasing in ageing population rapidly. The risk factor of mental illness is experienced mostly by older people as they have life stress and all causes loss like reduced mobility, chronic pain and other health care problems. It is important to cure this behaviour as they can cause negative impacts. It is important to treat the individual suffering from mental illness so that it doesn’t cause future effects. If considering short term concern of mental health it is seen that it causes people to be alienated from their peers due to their behaviour (Acu, 2018). The long term instability due to mental illness causes people to commit suicide. Thus, it is important to take some steps so that acute mental health disorder can be treated.
In the views of (Acu, 2018), there is a nursing theory that explains the behavioural changes related to mental illness. It covers the ways through which recovery could be done. It suggested ways through which individual can deal with mental illness. The theory suggested that people suffering from mental illness should have proper assessment so that they could recover at faster rate. From the basis of theoretical perspective, four components are included that helps in improving the overall condition (Dekker, Tieman, Vinke, van der Ende, Verhulst & Juffer, 2017). The first component deals with the individual itself as their activities affect their overall behaviour. The second component covers the environmental conditions in which they are living. Mental illness can be due to discrimination in the society or inequalities that can cause depression and which in turn causes mental disorder. The third component is the nurses that monitor the patient regularly. They make sure the stress and inequality could be removed. Lastly, nursing theory plays a significant role as nurses support patients by offering care.
According to (Dekker, Tieman, Vinke, van der Ende, Verhulst & Juffer, 2017), to improve mental health few stages need to be followed. The first step is making sure that there is a way through which patient can communicate effectively with the nurses. It helps nurse to learn about patients so that they can take steps to offer satisfaction and offer healthy life. The quality of care is offered so that they could recover rapidly (Australian government, 2010). The main focus of nurses was to make patient independent so that they can recover faster.
In the views of (Bruce, Gribble, Turner, Hubbard-Turner, Simon & Thomas, 2017), While understanding theoretical perspective within mental illness few barriers were faced. It was found that people suffering from mental illness suffer from physical illness which causes future illness. The morality rate is also less in patients that makes difficult for nurses to handle the situation. Additionally, nurses face the challenge in managing the patients as they suffer from stigma and discrimination, high aggression. Sometimes lack of time and resources affect the health of patient. Some of the steps that need to be taken to improve the health of patient suffering from mental illness is keeping patients in a positive environment so that link between wellbeing and mental illness could be improved (Australian government, 2010). Nurses just act a supporter needed to care for patients in a creative way so that they get strength to overcome from barriers.
In the views of (Annear, Keeling, Wilkinson, Cushman, Gidlow & Hopkins, 2014), it is important to understand the recovery ways from mental health illness. This can be resolved by offering social space to people so that they get positive energy about their life. The recovery process are designed so that positive energy could be built this could be done by removing discrimination from the society. Nurses use resilience method so that patients live in a stable condition. Plans are deployed after knowing the condition of patient; they launch programs so that isolation could be resolved. Apart from that, various motivational tools are used so that better decisions could be made (Annear, Keeling, Wilkinson, Cushman, Gidlow & Hopkins, 2014). It is recommended that nurse maintain friendly relation with the patient so that the interaction could be improved. It also helps in focusing upon the health status of patient so that supportive relation could be maintained. It focuses on building therapeutic relation so that patients concerns are recognised in a better way.
With the increasing concern of mental health illness, there are various barriers faced by the people. Some of the barriers faced by people due to mental illness and their solution are discussed below.
It is commonly seen that people are terrified of being discriminated due to their mental health status. The current data should that people suffering from mental illness are treated as weak and are often misrepresented in the society. The major barrier faced is due to the old aged people as they refuse to take treatment (Frost, et. al, 2017). The other main concern of barrier is financial issue. The cost of drugs is very high and additionally they are available in limited quantity. Thus, increased treatment cost is the biggest barrier that stops an individual to take mental health treatment (Hancock, Scanlan, Gillespie, Smith-Merry & Yen, 2017).
Apart from that, it is true that mental health treatment is a time consuming process. Thus, people undertaking this treatment don’t believe that therapy is working for them or not. All the above mentioned barriers can be resolved by the barrier to access the care giver is difficult. There is a very limited availability of mental health professionals. From the survey, it was found that in less than 20% of the countries they do not have any medication available. The affordability is also limited as it requires high cost of treatment that to for a longer time period. Apart from that, countries don’t even provide extra benefits for mental illness as they are not much aware about its consequence (Frost, et. al, 2017). The other barriers are policy limitation and lack of education, that s limited knowledge about mental illness this prevents an individual to know that they are suffering from mental illness or seeking treatment. Multiple studies have found that stigma related to mental illness often prevents patients from seeking and adhering to treatment, and later patients attempt to distance themselves from the labels that make them away from social exclusion (Hancock, Scanlan, Gillespie, Smith-Merry & Yen, 2017).
The barriers could be resolved by encountering laws and offering professional treatment to the patients. The facility of public education should be started as it helps an individual to be away from all the criminal activities (Loos, et. al, 2017). The refusal of taking treatment issue can be resolved if patients are made aware about the danger it may cause to them in later life. The financial barrier can be resolved as they are various care centres that support people to fulfil their financial needs (Gibbons, Weiss, Frank & Kupfer, 2016). One such is affordable care act that has helped patients by offering financial support without insurance. The issue of intervention can be resolved by keeping the patients aware about the improvements they are facing due to the therapy. The barriers of treatment can be resolved by removing discrimination and stigma from the society (Gibbons, Weiss, Frank & Kupfer, 2016). It is seen that people with mental illness often face the consequences of societal stigma that can be severe; this can be diminished if self-esteem of a person is improved. The symptoms of shame and concealment can be lowered by offering those guidelines (Harvey, et. al, 2017).
Conclusion
There are various barriers that are faced by people in undertaking treatment of mental illness like financial barrier, issue of getting managed care. Mental illness also faces issues in primary care as even relatives and family members fail to take care of eth patient. In this report, the concern that was selected is mental health illness that is seen in people of all age group. It basically arses due to stress, discrimination and inequality in the society. The behavioural changes that are seen in all the age group people due to mental illness are discussed. Along with the theoretical perspective that can be applied to improve the overall condition. The potential barriers that are faced by patients and nurses are discussed along with the ways through which it can be overcome are discussed. Thus, it can be stated that mental illness is an issue that take time to recover and requires patience to recover from it.
References
Acu. (2018). Mental Health. Retrieved from https://libguides.acu.edu.au/c.php?g=233988&p=4347739.
Annear, M., Keeling, S., Wilkinson, T., Cushman, G., Gidlow, B., & Hopkins, H. (2014). Environmental influences on healthy and active ageing: A systematic review. Ageing & Society, 34(4), 590-622.
Australian government. (2010). Principles of recovery oriented mental health practice. Retrieved from https://www.health.gov.au/internet/publications/publishing.nsf/Content/mental-pubs-i-nongov-toc~mental-pubs-i-nongov-pri.
Bruce, C. M., Gribble, P. A., Turner, M. J., Hubbard-Turner, T., Simon, J. E., & Thomas, A. C. (2017). Number of knee and ankle injuries is associated with poor physical but not mental health. The Physician and sportsmedicine, 45(2), 82-86.
Davis, K., Carter, S., Myers, E., & Rocca, N. (2018). Health promotion for young people with profound and multiple learning disabilities. Nursing children and young people, 30(1), 28-34.
Dekker, M. C., Tieman, W., Vinke, A. G., van der Ende, J., Verhulst, F. C., & Juffer, F. (2017). Mental health problems of Dutch young adult domestic adoptees compared to non-adopted peers and international adoptees. International Social Work, 60(5), 1201-1217.
Denneson, L. M., Cromer, R., Williams, H. B., Pisciotta, M., & Dobscha, S. K. (2017). A qualitative analysis of how online access to mental health notes is changing clinician perceptions of power and the therapeutic relationship. Journal of medical Internet research, 19(6),
Erickson, J., Mackenzie, C. S., Menec, V. H., & Bailis, D. S. (2017). The effect of time perspectives on mental health information processing and help-seeking attitudes and intentions in younger versus older adults. Aging & mental health, 21(3), 259-271.
Frost, B. G., Turrell, M., Sly, K. A., Lewin, T. J., Conrad, A. M., Johnston, S., … & Rajkumar, S. (2017). Implementation of a recovery-oriented model in a sub-acute Intermediate Stay Mental Health Unit (ISMHU). BMC health services research, 17(1), 2.
Gibbons, R. D., Weiss, D. J., Frank, E., & Kupfer, D. (2016). Computerized adaptive diagnosis and testing of mental health disorders. Annual review of clinical psychology, 12.
Hancock, N., Scanlan, J. N., Gillespie, J. A., Smith-Merry, J., & Yen, I. (2017). Partners in Recovery program evaluation: changes in unmet needs and recovery. Australian Health Review.
Harvey, S. B., Modini, M., Joyce, S., Milligan-Saville, J. S., Tan, L., Mykletun, A., … & Mitchell, P. B. (2017). Can work make you mentally ill? A systematic meta-review of work-related risk factors for common mental health problems. Occup Environ Med, oemed-2016
Loos, S., Clarke, E., Jordan, H., Puschner, B., Fiorillo, A., Luciano, M., … & Rössler, W. (2017). Recovery and decision-making involvement in people with severe mental illness from six countries: a prospective observational study. BMC psychiatry, 17(1), 38.
Naslund, J. A., Aschbrenner, K. A., Kim, S. J., McHugo, G. J., Unützer, J., Bartels, S. J., & Marsch, L. A. (2017). Health behavior models for informing digital technology interventions for individuals with mental illness. Psychiatric rehabilitation journal, 40(3), 325.
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