Business Intelligence is an innovative technology driven procedure which is used to analyze data and represent the data in such a way so that the executives and managers to make better decision for the organization. The analysis of Business Intelligence encompass a wide range of tools usage, application and methods which helps the organization to collect data from the internal sources and external sources; prepare the data for analysis and then run the queries on the data and make reports based on the outcomes. The use of dashboards and data visuals can help in making analytical decisions by the managers. The report is based on the data analysis of environmental issues. The report has been completed with an air quality dataset, which has information related to air pollution and emissions from around the world.
The object, which has been followed for the development of this report, can be summarized as follows:
The data set is comprised of data collected from 199 different countries across the world. The data is comprised of 16 variables, which are as follows:
|
Sl. no. |
Property |
Definition |
|
1 |
Air Pollution |
PM2.5 air pollution, population exposed to levels exceeding WHO guideline value (% of total) |
|
2 |
CO2 Emissions |
CO2 emissions (kt) |
|
3 |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) |
|
|
4 |
Electricity Access |
Access to electricity (% of population) |
|
5 |
Energy Intensity |
Energy intensity level of primary energy (MJ/$2011 PPP GDP) |
|
6 |
Energy Use |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) |
|
7 |
Forest Area |
Forest area (% of land area) |
|
8 |
Fossil Fuel |
Fossil fuel energy consumption (% of total) |
|
9 |
Fresh Water |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) |
|
10 |
Greenhouse Gases |
Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent) |
|
11 |
Methane Emissions |
Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent) |
|
12 |
Nitrous Oxide Emissions |
Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent) |
|
13 |
Access to non-solid fuel (% of population) |
|
|
14 |
Nuclear Energy |
Alternative and nuclear energy (% of total energy use) |
|
15 |
Renewable Electricity |
Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output) |
|
16 |
Renewable Energy Use |
Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption) |
The data has been collected from various locations and compiled into a single data set for the use of this data analysis. The data analysis has been done using IBM Watson Analytics skills. A dashboard has been created and the analysis has been done based on the different properties, which determine the quality of air. The properties has been mapped with respect to the country names. The charts and the dashboards has been discussed in the following section of the report.
Figure 1: The Excel representation of the Air Quality Set
Dashboard 1
Figure 2: Dashboard 1
The above image shows the four analytics done on four of the properties of the data set. The images dashboard comprises of Air Pollution, CO2 Emissions, Electric Power Use and Electricity Access, which has all been plotted against country. The use of different colours in the graphs makes it easy for the viewer to understand the topic of discussion.
The analysis of the data of air pollution has been plotted against country in a bar chart. This shows the countries across the world who has the highest amount of air pollutants in the atmosphere. The pollution of the air, which exceeds the World Health Organisation guidelines, has been tabulated. The values are prvided as a percentage calculation with respect to the total amount of pollutants in the air. It can be seen from the chart that the values are relatively higher for many of the countries. It can be seen that 46 out of 200 countries have a 100% of higher pollutants in the air. The countries should target in making the air pollution of their country lower than the rest of the countries. The increase in the global warming is directly related to the amount of pollutants in the air. The amount of air pollution also poses a threat for the health of the citizens of the country.
The analysis of the data of CO2 Emission has been drawn against country in a pie chart. The data is based on the carbon dioxide emission from the factories and the vehicles in the country. The highest amount of carbon dioxide emission has been found in China. Looking at the analysis it can be said that the amount of emission of carbon dioxide is directly related to the amount of surface area thee country has. The larger amount of surface area means more number of people living in the country, which directly relates to the higher number of cars and the amount of factories growing up in the country. The countries with a relatively higher amount of carbon dioxide emission should be considered to use renewable resources. The amount of carbon dioxide emission is the highest in china followed by United States of America and closely followed by India. The countries has to consider the use of renewable energy for the betterment of the country and for the environment.
The analysis of the data of Electricity Access has been plotted against country in a tree map. The graph has the property of having a small box area for each of the country with the area based on the electricity access and the color is also based on the amount of electricity access of the respective country. The number represents the percentage of population of the country, which has access to electricity in their country. From the data graph, it can be seen that most of the countries around the world has amenities to provide electricity to all of its population. For the other countries where there is lower access of electricity by the population, they should consider the option of providing electricity for the whole population of their country. The best consideration of the same graph should look darkest in color for the betterment of the country. From the graph, it can be said that more than 50% of the world’s population has the access to electricity.
The analysis of the data of Electric Power Use has been plotted against country in a pie chart. The data on the graph denotes the amount of power consumption in the form of kWh per Capita of the population. The amount of consumption of the electricity directly affects the environment because the electricity is produced directly due to the consumption of coals and fossil fuels. This affects the environment as CO2 is directly released into the atmosphere. The maximum amount of electric power use has been recorded by Norway and Iceland. It should be followed by the people of the world to limit the use of the electricity, which would be of help in reducing the pollution in the world.
Dashboard 2
Figure 3: Dashboard 2
The above image shows the four analytics done on four of the properties of the data set. The images dashboard comprises of Energy Intensity, Energy Use, Forest Area and Fossil Fuel, which has all been plotted against country. The use of different colours in the graphs makes it easy for the viewer to understand the topic of discussion
The analysis of the data of Energy Intensity has been plotted against country in a bar chart. The values, which has been plotted in the graph, is the intensity of energy level of primary energy. The values are calculated as Mega-Joule. The amount of energy is the energy level, which is being used by the country. From the values, it can be said that the maximum amount of energy intensity has been recorded in Aruba. The lowest has been recorded by Hong Kong. The data helps in knowing the way the countries use their energy resources for the betterment of the country.
The analysis of the data of Energy Intensity has been plotted against country in a bar chart. The values in the graph, is the amount of energy used by the country, which is calculated with respect to the amount of kilogram of oil equivalent to the per capita of the population. The amount of oil energy used by the country affects the environmental factor of the country. The use of oil is directly affected due to the amount of fossil oil that is available in the country. The highest amount of energy use has been recorded in Qatar and in Iceland. The graph portrays the values of the dataset clearly for the analysis to be done easily.
The analysis of the data of Forest Area has been plotted against country on a map chart. The values in the graph, is the percentage of land area that is still covered in forest area. The more the percentage of area of forest the better it is for the environment to have a sustainable environmental source for the sustainability of the different flora and fauna. The values on the graph colored dark suggests that the country has the highest land to forest ratio which makes it a better place which needs to be preserved for the future and for the betterment of the world. The highest percentage of forest area in the world is in Seychelles and Suriname. More than fifty countries around the world has a forest area coverage of 50% which helps in having a balance with the technological world and the environment. The higher the number of this chart the better it would be for the country as well as the environment.
The analysis of the data of Fossil Fuel has been plotted against country on a bar chart. The values in the graph, is the percentage of total amount of fossil fuel consumption that has been consumed by the country. This affects the environment as the higher the amount of fossil fuel consumption, more is the amount of pollution that is being caused by the burning of the fossil fuels either in the industries or by the vehicles of the country. The data has been analyzed and it can be said that the highest amount of fossil fuel consumption is directly related to amount of fuels that is available in the country. If the country has a large reserve of fossil fuel then they would not have to pay more and will be able to receive fuels at a cheap price. This causes them to use up their reserve completely. The highest user of fossil fuels has been calculated by countries in the mid-eastern part of the world. The highest users are Qatar, Oman, Kuwait, Curacao, Saudi Arabia, Brunei Darussalam and Bahrain. These cities have the largest oil reserve in the world thus; they have the highest amount of fossil fuel usage in the world.
Dashboard 3
Figure 4: Dashboard 3
The above image shows the four analytics done on four of the properties of the data set. The images dashboard comprises of Fresh Water, Greenhouse Gases, Methane Emissions and Nitrous Oxide Emissions, which has all been plotted against country. The use of different colours in the graphs makes it easy for the viewer to understand the topic of discussion
The analysis of the data of Fresh Water has been plotted against country on a pie chart. The values in the graph, is percentage of the total amount of fresh water that is being withdrawn by the country from the internal resources in the country on an annual basis. This variable is necessary for the estimation in the analysis about the environment because more the amount of fresh water being used the less would be there for the others to use. It has been found that there is a very low quantity of fresh water in the world left to be used by the human race. It this depletes then there is no other alternative available for the humankind for survival. Thus, the country should look into the matter that the amount of fresh water usage be reduced and to take up the use of different methods for the recycling of water from other sources. This would largely help the world. The highest amount of water is used by Bahrain, Egypt, United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia. This is due to the fact that the surface area of the country is arid which makes the country hard to use any other source of water for their day to day life.
The analysis of the data of Greenhouse Gases has been plotted against country on a map chart. The values in the graph is the amount of greenhouse gases emitted by the population of the country in kilo ton of CO2 emission equivalent. The values are directly related to the amount of population of the country. The higher the amount of population of the country the higher the number of people use appliances which is responsible for the release of greenhouse gases into the environment. These gases are responsively for the heating up of the earth and in turn causes harm to the environment. This can be stopped by using better electrical appliances or to use an alternative for the appliances. It needs to be reduced as the effect greenhouse gases makes the polar ice caps to melt and the sea level to rise. This causes low-lying land and sea beaches to get, submerged under water. Apart from this, people suffer due to abnormality of thee weather conditions and skin diseases. The country needs to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases. China has the highest amount of greenhouse gas emission in the world. China produces the double amount of greenhouse gases compared to the United States of America.
The analysis of the data of Methane Emission has been plotted against country on a pie chart. The values in the graph is the amount of methane gas emitted by the population of the country in kilo ton of CO2 emission equivalent. Methane gas is mainly accompanied with the greenhouse gases. A small portion of methane is also released from the swamps and sewers in the country. Methane also acts as a greenhouse gas and can help in the rise of temperature of earth. It needs to be monitored by the developers of different appliances to look after the fact that they should replace the methane gas has a less harmful gas or minimize the use of the gas as much as possible for the betterment of the earth. The highest recorded value is from China where there us the highest population and hence the large number of appliances being used by the citizens. It is followed closely by India in the production of methane gas. India and Russia are close competitors in the highest production of methane gas by the country.
The analysis of the data of Nitrous Oxide Emissions has been plotted against country on an area chart. The values in the graph, is the amount of nitrous oxide gas emitted by the population of the country in thousand metric ton of CO2 emission equivalent. Nitrous oxide is similar to methane gases and causes the heating up of earth. This is also directly related to the population of the country. Thus the highest amount of nitrous oxide emitted is by china and then followed by United States of America and then by India. The greenhouse gasses cause the heating up of the earth. The process must be stopped or else the world might just be destroyed in the future.
Dashboard 4
Figure 5: Dashboard 4
The above image shows the four analytics done on four of the properties of the data set. The images dashboard comprises of Non-Solid Fuel Access, Nuclear Energy, Renewable Electricity and Renewable Energy Use, which has all been plotted against country. The use of different colours in the graphs makes it easy for the viewer to understand the topic of discussion
The analysis of the data of Non-Solid Fuel Access has been plotted against country on an area chart. The values in the graph is the percentage of the population of the country that has access to the liquid and gaseous fossil fuels. The Middle Eastern countries and the developed countries of the world are the top most consumer of the fossil fuel. The fossil fuels either are dug up from their country land or is imported from other countries producing them. The Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates holds the largest reservoirs of natural oils and gases for the whole world to use. The export them to other countries at a very cheap price. The use of fossil fuels also affects the environment as more the amount of fossil fuels are used by the country the more amount of pollution is created and pollutes the atmosphere. Thus, it is advisable for the citizens of the world to reduce the use of fossil fuels and save the world from the pollution.
The analysis of the data of Nuclear Energy has been plotted against country on an area chart. The values that has been plotted in the graph is the percentage of the total usage of the energy that is a coming from nuclear sources. The use of nuclear energy though produces a huge amount of energy than the conventional way but in turn produces some of the most dangerous pollutants in the world. The pollutants in the form of carbon compounds is much less dangerous than the radioactive pollutants, which might cause mutation of genes in humankind. Thus, the disposing of the pollutants is important procedure. This again poses a risk for the environment because the pollutants has to be disposed in the ground. They might seep through the underground container, mix out with the soils and underground water, and spread the pollution. The pollution caused by any radioactive wastes cannot be cleaned easily. The pollutants remain in the ground for many years and cause radiation pollution without others even knowing about it. The European countries like Sweden, Norway and France are some of the top most user of nuclear energy in the world. However, the waste must be disposed of carefully.
The analysis of the data of Renewable Electricity has been plotted against country on a bar chart. The values in the graph, is the percentage of the total electricity output of the energy that is a coming from renewable sources. The use of renewable energy is the best option for the world. The word is already suffering from the pollutants and the continuous increase in the pollution due to the use of the fossil fuels and the chemicals. The options for the use of renewable sources of energy relates to the use of solar cells, wind turbines and hydroelectric. The country with the highest percentage number can be said to be contributing to the world’s health more than the rest of the world. The most notable contributors to this cause are Bhutan and Nepal. The countries residing in the foothills of the Himalayas uses the renewable resources to contribute in the betterment of the world. Other countries in the top of the list are Montenegro, Lesotho, Paraguay, Iceland and Mozambique.
The analysis of the data of Renewable Energy Use has been plotted against country on a tree map. The values in the graph is the percentage of the total final energy consumption that is coming from renewable sources. The utilization of sustainable power source is the best alternative for the world. The world is as of now experiencing the contamination and the consistent increment in the contamination because of the utilization of the fossils powers and the chemicals. The alternatives for the utilization of sustainable wellsprings of vitality identifies with the utilization of solar cells, wind turbines and hydroelectric. The most notable contributors to this cause are Burundi, Dominican Republic of Congo, Somalia, Ethiopia, Chad and Zambia. The countries uses the renewable resources to contribute in the betterment of the world.
The benefits of doing such data analysis on a data set are as follows:
Conclusion
To conclude this report it can be said that the use of data analysis can help in the good understanding of large amount of data. The findings of the dashboards has been discussed to make the report to be understandable for the readers. The report has been compiled using different graphs and diagrams. The knowledge of statistics can help a person to understand the numbers used in the data set but the graphs designed using the data analysis helps in understanding the data set easily.
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