Discuss about the Business process Management Systems Strategy and Implementation.
The report discusses about the factors that affect the sustainability of an Information System based business project in Jordan. It has been found that, the IS project failed to meet the requirement of the consumers due to lack of proper management (Sweis, 2015). The key differences between the Information System issue and Information Technology issues and how it is affecting the business performance are elaborated in this report.
In addition to this, the role of Information System and integrated technology in a business process are demonstrated in this report. Different factors are identified that affected the business process and in order to improve the existing business process, different IS and business oriented recommendations are provided to the Jordanian organizations.
During analysis of the IS based business project it has been found that, there are mainly three factors that, affect the Jordanian business process. The identified factors are process driven issue, Context driven process and content driven process (Sweis, 2015). Therefore, in order to enhance the commercial profit and to make the project efficient certain tools are needed to be developed to reduce the rate of issues (Chang, 2016). Due to these factors the project failed to meet the requirement of the consumers. The analysis implies technical and managerial issues are the main issues that affect a IS business project.
A large set of differences has been identified between the Information System issue and Information Technology issues. The differences are as follows:
Information System issue: This is referred to as the strategic use of the Information technology or the instant of different technology based tools. In order to meet the pre determined set of objectives of an organization, a set of correlated key components ate collected, manipulated and the data dissemination of the collected data gives feedback (Park & Lee, 2014). If the operation and functionalities are incorrect then it will affect the business commercially. As a result system breakdown might cause. A rapid business flow can be interrupted, due to lack usage of technical tools (Willcocks, 2013). This might dissatisfy the consumers and a wrong Information System delivers a wrong output to the consumers. Another issue is the security of the IS, it means if proper security is not provided to the system then external users can hack or hijack the data stored in the data storage of the organization (Sweis, 2015). Wrong IS will affect the intra organizational and inter organizational communication process.
Information technology issue: The main issue associated to Information Technology in business is its expenses in implementation. During execution of the business project if the business exceeds the initially estimated cost, then the entire system will be affected. If the technology is not user friendly then, the users will not be able to utilize the system properly and will lead to wrong way (Mich, 2014). Security breach is another issue related to the information technology. If proper authentication tools and encryption keys are not used by the system then external hackers and other attackers could easily hack the data from the system.
During the analysis phase it has been found that, the main issues behind the failure of the Jordanian IS project are process driven issue, context driven issue and content driven issues. The elaboration is as follows:
Process driven issue: The factors involved with this issue are wrong business planning, incorrect design approach of the business, incorrect modeling and business implementation. In the initial phase of the business process, the developers should make a clear frame of feasibility study to understand whether the project is beneficial or not (Maarop et al., 2015). Incorrect adaptation of change management will lead to wrong business planning formulation. If the project manager do not monitor and track the flow of the business process then it will gain lead to business as well as organizational failure.
Context driven issue: The context of an Information System based business project, includes the technologies that are used by the project while implementing it on the practical field (Mazlum & Güneri, 2015). The quality of the project is dependent on the knowledge of the experts involved in the project development team. If the business selects wrong resources and design approaches then the business will lead to failure (Sweis, 2015). In this case study, the project has failed to meet the need soft h consumers due to improper implementation of software and other technological tools.
Context driven testing is referred to as a model that help to develop and debug computing software. This software or tools are generally used to drive the program in the proper direction while is implementing in the real world application (Ruiz, et al., 2014). Evaluation of proper environment, intended competitive market are needed to be identified by the software development team so that the project can be properly executed in the real world implementation. Context driven testing phase is one of the most important phase in the project development period. Unpredictable project outcome can be also be easily understood by the development team if the process is properly utilized by the project development team (Kasemsap, 2015). Therefore, it can be said that, proper synchronization between the software tools or the technologies and the information system is needed to conduct a successful business in the practical field of application.
In the testing phase it has been found that, the product generated by the IS project is not user friendly and incorrect utilization of technologies is referred to as another reason behind the IS project failure (Salmimaa, Hekkala & Pekkola, 2015). Apart from this, instable technologies and dynamic changes in technology innovation and invention are other reason behind the failure of the IS project malfunction.
Content driven issues: The content of the project is the background rather the project environment. It includes the culture and mentality of all the members involved in the project. The project issue will arise if the project participants do not concentrate on all the project perspectives (Schwalbe, 2015). Lack of cooperation will lead to lack of communication approach. If the business process does not hold, open communication among each other then the participants will not be able to share their view and innovative digital ideas to other team members. The content driven issue also includes semantic barrier, communication gap, and noise in the communication channel (Wu et al., 2014). It means if the members of the development team are belonging from different cultural background then their language will also differ from one another.
A content driven business project is a consumer focused organization it means the project is completely concentrates on the need of the consumers. In order to meet the requirement of the consumers’, content driven companies represent new business strategies and new employees with new innovative thoughts. The users and the participants of the development are needed to be strictly involved while developing the Information System in the practical field (Montequin et al., 2014). The business sponsor, resource vendors and the project manager are required to concentrate on all individual aspect of the IS project. Unapproved activities and missing activities are other facts that drove the Jordanian IS business project towards failure.
Due to lack of proper understanding of ideas the evaluation will lead to failure. In this particular case study Jordan business IS project fails due to communication gap (Sweis, 2015). In addition to this, premature evaluation is another reason behind the failure of the project. Premature evaluation means, before listening to the entire idea, if any one decided the conclusion. The presence of third party or mediator is another content drive issue.
The role of Information System in business progress
During the phase of market analysis of Jordan it has been found that, the factors such as recession, enhanced competitive pressure and inflationary pressure acted as obstacles in the regular business flow (Siggens & Ekwall, 2014). These are the reason for which the business fails to meet the demand of the consumers. Adequate usage of information and regulations will be properly used by the development team after adapting an Information System. Three fundamental roles of IS are identified and these are as follows:
Storage of information and their analysis: Most of the organizations do not use any manual database system to manage large set of information. According to increasing time the amount of data also gets increased and thus management of data become impossible. Adaptation of Information System (IS), drive the business process sophisticated and efficient. In order to avoid the future problems organizations install IS (Kaur & Sengupta, 2013). The system can integrate many data from different resources and utilize them for appropriate business applications. The integrated system helps an organization to keep their system up to date that provides the business several strength and opportunities.
Assist while making decision for an organization: Two kinds of success such as long term and short term are generally found in the organizations. In order to achieve long term success effective business strategic planning are needed to be adapted. IS helps to formulate strategic business planning and for this the project manager and other top managerial employees become able to take effective decision for the organization (Dwivedi et al., 2014). Depending on the market trends the organizations become able to take strategic decision as well.
Assist with the business process: Implementation of Information System (IS) in an organization, adds values with the existing system. Unnecessary activities from the system get eliminated which simplifies the business process (Abu-Shanab & Al-Saggar, 2013). Information System (IS) helps to control and monitor the employees by eliminating data redundancy and increasing overall accuracy. Better project panning can be served by the IS that helps to compare different organizations so that particular organization can achieve atop most position (Sweis, 2015). Potential benefit will be originated and will also resist sudden changes in the Information System (IS).
In order to meet the pre-determined organizational objective, different organization considers different Information System projects to meet the requirement of the consumers. Information System projects process business transaction and also empowers the leaders to take more efficient and faster decision for their organizations. Managing Information System (MIS) and Decision Support Systems (DSS) and Executive Support System (ESS) are other effective IS used by organizations to increase the organizational performance (Ikediashi, Ogunlana & Alotaibi, 2014). IS integrates data and information together and drive them in a meaningful direction to get benefit from the competitive marketplace. Data transformation creates information, different software operational system are used by medium to large business organizations to serve the purpose of business management.
During project implementation phase, member from different departments such as management, finance, HR, Information Technology take part and implements an effective Information System for the organization (Kendrick, 2015). In order to introduce an IS project, mainly three common development approaches such as System development life cycle, prototyping and rapid application development are used by large to medium Jordanian organizations.
|
Different issue |
Factors |
Ranking |
|
Process driven issue |
1. Management of timeline while implementing the Information System based project 2. Incorrect assumption of resources 3. Requirement of the consumers |
2 |
|
Context driven issue |
1. Incorrect communication approach 2. Inadequate participant’s attention in different IS project aspects 3. Key individual of the IS project |
3 |
|
Content driven issue |
1. Customized application system 2. Specific design approach 3. Incorrect key specification |
1 |
Other Reasons that are Driving the Information System Project towards Failure Conclusion
Lack of utilization of change management system: According to the changing environment every organization should adapt changes to meet the requirement of the customers (Park & Lee, 2014). The Jordanian business organization, did not adapt adequate changes in terms of technological implementation.
Lack of user and employees involvement: The employees and users of the system are not involved to the job roles thus, the work become a burden to the employees (Sweis, 2015). The work is not properly divided among the employees based on the department of the participant. This is another reason behind the project failure.
Lack of support from the executive group: The top level management team did not support the fellow project team members (Mazlum & Güneri, 2015). Due to this reason they were unable to serve their required job roles.
Misunderstanding between the team members: Due to lack of leadership management continuous conflict among the team members occurred that lead to misunderstandings (Mich, 2014). As a result the IS project failed in the competitive market of Jordan.
Improper cost management: Budget overflow is another reason behind the failure of the Information System (IS) project in Jordan. In the initial phase of project planning the financial department of the organization should conduct a feasibility study to measure whether the project is beneficial or not (Sweis, 2015). However, the Jordanian organization did not make proper feasibility study and thus, the IS project fails to meet the requirement of the clients.
Population and sampling: More than 17 public as well as private companies have adapted the sampling and population method to avoid the rate of Information System (IS) project failure. In this method the work load will be segmented and served by individual employees from different departments.
Data collection tools: In order to reduce the rate of project failure, a survey has been conducted throughout Jordan.
Conclusion
From the overall discussion it can be concluded that, the main three factors or issues such as process driven issue, context driven issue and content driven issue are the reasons behind the failure of the Jordanian Information system based business project. The difference between the Information System issue and Information Technology issues are identified in this report. The factors that might drive general business project towards a successful business are also mentioned in this report. In order to meet the requirement of the consumers different factors that are needed to be mitigated are also illustrated in this report.
Data collection: Proper selection of resources and data are needed to be collected so that the project could easily meet the requirement of the consumers.
Reward programs: The organization should arrange reward programs to encourage and appreciate the employees. This will motivate the employees to get involved with the information system.
Management of time: In order to deliver the project on time with appreciable quality and quantity as well. Proper time management system will lead to success.
Management of communication: Open communication process is needed to be adapted by the team members so that every individual team member could share their thoughts with others.
Training and development: Training and development program is needed to be arranged by the organization so that the employees could use the required technologies properly.
References
Abbasi, N., Wajid, I., Iqbal, Z., & Zafar, F. (2014). Project Failure Case Studies and Suggestion. International Journal of Computer Applications, 86(6).
Abu-Shanab, E., & Al-Saggar, A. (2013). Reasons behind it project failure: the case of Jordan. Business Strategies and Approaches for Effective Engineering Management, 188.
Chang, J. F. (2016). Business process management systems: strategy and implementation. CRC Press.
Dwivedi, Y. K., Wastell, D., Laumer, S., Henriksen, H. Z., Myers, M. D., Bunker, D., … & Srivastava, S. C. (2015). Research on information systems failures and successes: Status update and future directions. Information Systems Frontiers, 17(1), 143-157.
Ikediashi, D. I., Ogunlana, S. O., & Alotaibi, A. (2014). Analysis of project failure factors for infrastructure projects in Saudi Arabia: A multivariate approach. Journal of Construction in Developing Countries, 19(1), 35.
Kasemsap, K. (2015). The role of information system within enterprise architecture and their impact on business performance. Technology, innovation, and enterprise transformation, 262-284.
Kaur, R., & Sengupta, J. (2013). Software process models and analysis on failure of software development projects. arXiv preprint arXiv:1306.1068.
Kendrick, T. (2015). Identifying and managing project risk: essential tools for failure-proofing your project. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn.
Maarop, N., Mustapha, N. M., Yusoff, R., Ibrahim, R., & Zainuddin, N. M. M. (2015). Understanding Success Factors of an Information Security Management System Plan Phase Self-Implementation. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Educational, Economic, Business and Industrial Engineering, 9(3), 884-889.
Mazlum, M., & Güneri, A. F. (2015). CPM, PERT and Project Management with Fuzzy Logic Technique and Implementation on a Business. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 210, 348-357.
Mich, L. (2014). Teaching Requirements Analysis: A Student Project Framework to Bridge the Gap between Business Analysis and Software Engineering. In REET (pp. 20-25)
Montequin, V. R., Cousillas, S., Ortega, F., & Villanueva, J. (2014). Analysis of the success factors and failure causes in Information & Communication Technology (ICT) projects in Spain. Procedia Technology, 16, 992-999.
Park, J. G., & Lee, J. (2014). Knowledge sharing in information systems development projects: Explicating the role of dependence and trust. International Journal of Project Management, 32(1), 153-165.
Ruiz, M., Costal, D., España, S., Franch, X., & Pastor, Ó. (2014, June). Integrating the goal and business process perspectives in information system analysis. In International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (pp. 332-346). Springer International Publishing.
Salmimaa, T., Hekkala, R., & Pekkola, S. (2015). Paradoxes in the Development of a Business Critical Information System. In PACIS (p. 50).
Schwalbe, K. (2015). Information technology project management. Cengage Learning.
Siggens, L., & Ekwall, K. (2014). Epigenetics, chromatin and genome organization: recent advances from the ENCODE project. Journal of internal medicine, 276(3), 201-214.
Sweis, R. (2015). An Investigation of Failure in Information Systems Projects: The Case of Jordan. Journal of Management Research, 7(1), 173-185.
Willcocks, L. (2013). Information management: the evaluation of information systems investments. Springer.
Wu, D. D., Chen, S. H., & Olson, D. L. (2014). Business intelligence in risk management: Some recent progresses. Information Sciences, 256, 1-7.
Essay Writing Service Features
Our Experience
No matter how complex your assignment is, we can find the right professional for your specific task. Contact Essay is an essay writing company that hires only the smartest minds to help you with your projects. Our expertise allows us to provide students with high-quality academic writing, editing & proofreading services.
Free Features
Free revision policy
$10Free bibliography & reference
$8Free title page
$8Free formatting
$8How Our Essay Writing Service Works
First, you will need to complete an order form. It's not difficult but, in case there is anything you find not to be clear, you may always call us so that we can guide you through it. On the order form, you will need to include some basic information concerning your order: subject, topic, number of pages, etc. We also encourage our clients to upload any relevant information or sources that will help.
Complete the order form
Once we have all the information and instructions that we need, we select the most suitable writer for your assignment. While everything seems to be clear, the writer, who has complete knowledge of the subject, may need clarification from you. It is at that point that you would receive a call or email from us.
Writer’s assignment
As soon as the writer has finished, it will be delivered both to the website and to your email address so that you will not miss it. If your deadline is close at hand, we will place a call to you to make sure that you receive the paper on time.
Completing the order and download