Challenges And Issues Of IoT In Smart Cities

Types of Modules in a Smart City Where IoT is Applied

The prime objective of this report is to focus on the challenges of the application of internet of things in smart cities. The four different types of modules of a smart city where internet of things is applied are sensing, networking, analysis and control (Mohanty, Choppali & Kougianos, 2016). The internet of things is used to connect all the possible physical objects, this technology allows to sense different sorts of phenomena and control them in an effective way (Scuotto, Ferraris & Bresciani, 2016). The different challenging areas where smart cities are applied are smart buildings, smart energy grids, smart automobiles, water distribution lines, environmental monitoring, wearable sensors, protection of security and privacy of citizens of the smart city (Sun et al., 2016). This report will be focussing on the different types of issues and challenges faced by the smart cities using internet of things (Rathore et al., 2016).

Smart homes	Smart parking lot	Healthcare industry	Weather and water systems Save Time On Research and Writing Hire a Pro to Write You a 100% Plagiarism-Free Paper. Get My Paper	Transport management system	Environmental pollution	Surveillance systems
Demand response	Car management	Tracking	Weather condition	Camera monitoring	Greenhouse gas monitoring	Violence detection
Fire detection technology	Departure and arrival of automobiles	Identification of issues	Water quality	Environment monitoring	Energy efficiency monitoring	Public place monitoring
Temperature controlling systems	Mobile ticketing	Data gathering	Water leakage	Travel scheduling	Renewable energy usage	People and object tracking
Security systems	Environment monitoring	Sensing	Water level	Traffic jam reduction	Air quality monitoring	CCTV
Social network supporting systems	Traffic congestion control	Equipment used in operation theatres	Water contamination	Assisted driving	Noise pollution monitoring	Traffic Police

Table 2: IOT application in a smart city

• Privacy and Security: It is a foremost point of discussion in the IoT based systems in a smart city (Höller et al., 2014). Systems using IoT are vulnerable to significant vulnerabilities such as data leakage, multitenancy, cross side scripting and side channels, effective measures should be taken to cope up with those issues (Boulos & Al-Shorbaji, 2014). Maintenance of the security of those advanced systems is also an important parameter regarding the usage of IoT in smart cities as the attackers are always using advanced improvised techniques in the cyber-attacks (Fortino & Trunfio, 2014).
• Heterogeneity: This is one of the major challenges of smart cities (Avijit & Chinnaiyan, 2018). Effective procurement report is very much important for maximum utilization of the IoT based systems (Stankovic, 2014).
• Reliability: Organisations involving a huge amount of smart systems are prone to reliability issues which should be taken special care of by the organisations using the technology (Botta et al., 2016).
• Legal and social aspects: The service provided by different kinds of IoT based system are based on different national and international laws which are needed to be followed in order to be completely secure from the external attacks (Jalali, El-Khatib & McGregor, 2015).
• Big data: This is the biggest challenges of an IoT based smart city (Gonzalez & Rosillo, 2015). The service provided by the IoT based system should be monitored as much as possible as essential information is transmitted to open source networks which can be easily hacked by professional hackers (Ejaz et al., 2017).
• Sensor networks: All the IOT based systems uses the sensor networks to enable the systems for different types of activities such as measuring, interfering, understanding environmental indexes (Zanella et al., 2014).
• DR barriers: There are different kinds of barriers which can have an impact on the IoT based systems (Li, Da Xu & Zhao, 2015). The three key set categories of DR barriers are as followings:
• Framework barriers: The applications of framework barriers are in the suitable electricity market, regulation and policies of organizations and communication limits (Centenaro et al., 2016).
• Providers barriers: It includes convincing the customers and making incentives for effective function of the advanced IoT based system in a smart city (Alur et al., 2016).
• Customer barriers: The issues related with customers regarding IoT are lack of knowledge and huge investment required (Bonomi et al., 2014).

• Hacker attacks: There are different types of problems in IoT based smart city (Hui, Sherratt & Sánchez, 2017). Different types of cyber-attacks lead to data loss for the organisations, use of malicious software’s, phishing attacks are very much harmful and one of the key problems of a smart city (Wang et al., 2016).
• Data ownership risk: Storage of data in local server or in cloud server has numerous kinds of issues associated with smart cities (Jin et al., 2014). A centralized control system which used for data storing application processing and application storage have numerous issues related to the internet of technology as any single fault may lead to entire system failure (Ranjan, 2016).
• Data hacking: This is the unethical problem of IoT based smart city (Mehmoodet al., 2017). This is the other type of problem in a smart city which incorporates the internet of things due to its vast associated with different types of networks (Bonino et al., 2015).
• Public trust: The other vital problem regarding smart cities is public trust(Vlacheas et al., 2013). IT is an important problem regarding the usage of the different kinds of activities, as many people are unaware of the new progresses in the field of science and technology (Perera et al., 2014). Digital disruption is the other type of challenge faced in a city using the internet of things (Ahlgren, Hidell & Ngai, 2016).

Conclusion 

From the above report, it can be concluded that there is different type of issues related to use of internet of things in a smart city. All the risks and challenges can be mitigated using efficient risk management techniques and these will lead to greater efficiency and productivity for the organization where these technologies are incorporated.

References

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Different Challenging Areas Where Smart Cities are Applied

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