The cognitive process is part of each person life and everyday of our life one uses the cognitive process and has no idea that one is using the cognitive process. Cognitive process is “the performance of some composite cognitive activity; an operation that affects mental contents; “the process of thinking”; “the cognitive operation of remembering” (WordNet 3. 0, 2013, p. 1). The purpose of cognitive process is to let people aware of the functions that one uses on daily.
In this essay one will learn about three different types of cognitive process that a person uses each day and these are seeing, hearing, and touching.
Sensation and Perception Psychologist who that have a complete understanding of the cognitive process “usually distinguish between sensation and perception” (Robinson-Riegler, 2008, p.
74). Perception is how a person views an object, person, or event that takes place in ones life. The use of perception is possible for one can “expereince a rich, coherent, veridical, three-dimessional instead of random array of color dots” (Robinson-Riegler, 2008, p. 3).
The ability to use perception takes place by itself and one has no idea that one is using his or her cognitive abilites when one views an object, event, or person. The use of perception is so amazing that even techonolgy today can not compare to what a person views. “No machine can yet match the speed and flexibility of human perceptual systems” [ (Robinson-Riegler, 2008, p. 74) ]. Sensation “is sometimes loosely associated with the physiological process that underlie information intake” [ (Robinson-Riegler, 2008, p. 5) ]. One can develop sensation by using his or her ears, eye, and skin receptors that take the first initial stimuli and process what one is hearing, seeing, or hearing to the nervous system.
Once it reaches the nervous system it will enter the neurons in the brain and this is where perception comes into play. Perception” psychological processes involved in the immediate organization and interpretation of sensations” [ (Robinson-Riegler, 2008, p. 74) ].
The purpose of using sensation and perception is that it is what allows one to use his or her five senses which are seeing, hearing, tasting, touching, and smelling. A person will learn by using his or her senses and will receive new information to the brain by traveling through the nervous system. Vision One of the five sense that a person has is vision and according to a recent survey that was conducted by the “Ocular Nutrition Society (ONS), baby boomers worry about vision loss almost as much as they worry about heart disease and cancer” [ (Optometry Times, 2011, p. ) ]. According to the survey who spoke to “Americans ages 45-65 and found that 78% of Boomers rank vision as the most important of the five senses” [ (Optometry Times, 2011, p. 1) ]. As the author would have to agree that vision is the most important and would hate to lose my ability to see new things, people, places, and the world around me. Vision perception can be divided into two different parts, which are organization and identification. The organizational process is the first step that the mind takes for a person to start viewing.
In other words it is like putting a puzzle together putting in place the different objects that one is observing. In this process the light will pass through the cornea and to the pupil to the lens. The cornea forces on the light right before it enters the lens of the eye. The light then passes through the lens and it focuses into the photoreceptors. The ciliary muscles and the ligaments cause the lens to shape, which allows the lens to let light to into objects into the retina, this process is called accommodation.
The second part of the process is chemical which is where the photorereceptors receive the light and allows electrical signals to enter the eye. The chemical process allows visual activity to enter the eye. The last process is electrical process which converts light into electrical signals into the nerve cells that sit on rods and cones. The signals are then set and carried off the optic nerve. The optic nerve will then take the signals to the visual cortex, and will send the signals to the brain, which allows one to see. The whole process of this taking place is to allow one to iew the objects around him or she and this could not take place without the steps taking place. Hearing Hearing is another process in the cognitive process and in “fact much of not most of the pioneering work on the limited nature of attention and the fate of unattended stimuli was conducted using the auditory sense” [ (Robinson-Riegler, 2008) ].
Hearing is an important cognitive process for it teaches one how to speak, pronounce words, and in fact people “who are deaf have a difficult challenge learning to read in English” [ (Brown, 1996, p. 63) ]. People have a problem reading for one has “limited vocabularies, delayed acquisition of English syntax, and internalized syntactic rules that are not part of Standard English” [ (Brown, 1996, p. 263) ]. Hearing like vision is effortless for many people and hearing just comes natural without one even thinking about what happens next or how does hearing take place. Hearing first off allows one to “receive and perceive multiple acoustic signals superimposed upon each other”.
Hearing process begins “when our peripheral and central nervous systems function optimally, we extract precise and extraordinary meaning from the cacophony of sounds around us almost effortlessly” (Douglas L. Beck, 2013, p. 1). Hearing is not possible if this process is not completed and if one is not able to hear technology has developed devices to allow one to receive signals so one can hear. Touching Touching is another vital cognitive process that is helpful for a person to learn in the world. Touch involves a person learning his or her world by touching with his or her hands by feeling with ones hands and fingers.
Touch allows one to feel different types of textures, shapes, sizes, softness or hardness, and if the object is big or small. Touch allows one to see the world in a way without sight by just touching an object. Touch can also let a person know if an object is hot or cold just by touching the object with ones hands. “Touch and temperature are represented in parts of the orbit frontal and pregenual cingulate cortex” (Rolls, 2008, p. 237). Conclusion Our senses play a vital role in how a person views the world around him or her and the it is our senses that allow one to truly view that world in all its glory.
The way a person perceives the world has a lot to do with our senses and each of our senses are important, but one can do without a sense for the other senses will be stronger to make up for the lost sense. The use of our senses allow one to see, touch, smell, hear, and touch objects in this world and this is what allows a person the ability to learn and take In new information, without our senses learning would be hard to do for one would fully grasp the changes that are taking place around him or her.
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