Conceptualizing An Emerging Learning Activity: A Literature Review

Advantages of Online Education

Discuss about the Conceptualizing an Emerging Learning Activity.

In this paper, the previous research papers journal articles will be reviewed for understanding the different aspects of the online coaching and the trend of online coaching for the fitness and health. The present world has become too much technology driven. Beside this the health issues of the people of the whole world is increasing rapidly. In this context, the trend of the health and fitness training through the online platform has become a trend in the present technology dependent world. In this literature review, the main focus will be given in the area of the different types of online educational and training program in the online platform will be analyzed. The effectiveness of these schemes and the technology used in these areas will be considered as the important factors of the research study.

According to Aschbrenner et al. (2015), online education has opened many new windows for the learners to learn new things in more interesting way. As per the statement provided by Hrastinski and Stenbom (2013), the students may get bored in the traditional education and teaching scheme. The students are able to find interesting way of learning through the online education. Not only this, the online education system has lots of more advantages. One of the main advantages of the online learning scheme is the minimization of the distance barrier. The learners are able, to learn various things at the same time at the same place. They don’t have to move on place to place for learning different kinds of subjects. The use of internet has enabled the facility of learning the desired subjects from home through the online learning platform. Many of the online learning schemes are free for the learners (Taranovych, 2013).  Therefore, it is also less costly than the traditional education scheme.

According to Gerdes  et al. (2016), the above mentioned advantages are the main factors behind the high popularity of the online education. At present, the scenario is quite changed. Now the people of the whole world have become highly dependent on the technology. It has become the trend of the current generation of doing all the things by using the internet. It is obviously because of the various advantages of the internet technology. As stated by Stenbom, Hrastinski and Cleveland-Innes (2012), the modern people have become very busy in their professional life and therefore, they don’t have enough time to go for different places for the things which can be also done at home by just clicking in the internet.

Importance of Health Coaching

According to Hrastinski and Stenbom (2013), the importance of the health conscious is increasing highly because of the increased health issues of the people throughout the whole world. The problem of obesity, diabetes and many other health issues has been increased to a very high level in the past decades. In order to reduce the health issues, the lifestyle of the people should be healthy. In this context, the coaching is required for developing awareness among the common people for living a healthier and fitter lifestyle. Generally coaching is related to the area of the education, sports, singing, dancing etc. However, the fact is that coaching is about giving internal motivation to someone for learning something. It also may be about some behavioral changes in the target people (Hill, Richardson and Skouteris 2015). Personal coaching and the health coaching are something different in form. In the area of eth health and fitness coaching is associated to the health organizations for the development of the awareness about the health and fitness of the common people to minimize the health and fitness related issues which are increasing rapidly. Sometimes the coaching program also may be organized by the health insurance companies. It is also useful for the business organizations to organize a health and fitness c0aching for the employees for reducing the health and safety related issues among their employees within the workplace of the organizations (Pacione  et al. 2014).

Bartels  et al. (2014) mentioned about the health coaching for the diabetes. It appears that anybody can hang a shingle that recognizes them as a mentor—somewhat like the volunteer parent of my 7-year-old little girls soccer group or my coaches. A basic look for wellbeing honing accreditation programs turns up a wide cluster of choices, from a 3-year graduate-level program for degree experts to projects that guarantee you can get to be confirmed. The last choice requires no therapeutic foundation or past training. Instructing includes a relationship that individualizes objectives particularly identified with what the customer needs to change or accomplish. The best mentors utilize a procedure like motivational meeting to help customers distinguish positive inspirations and the obstructions that should be chipped away at so as to gain ground. Mentors listen eagerly to help customers distinguish their own longings and the bearing their inspiration is in all likelihood taking them. The AADE Competencies for Diabetes Educators characterizes a wellbeing instructor/wellbeing mentor as a level 1 diabetes teacher (Yarborough 2016).

Types of Health Coaching

According to Nakai  et al. (2016), the main focus is given social insurance change, and everybody working at the highest point of their licensure, joining wellbeing mentors with diabetes instructors is turning out to be more basic. It permits the diabetes instructor to concentrate on issues that require their clinical mastery and to cooperatively set objectives with the patient. The mentor’s part is to guide and bolster the patient in accomplishing objectives while considering them responsible. This course of action unites the motivational aptitudes of the mentor and the clinical administration mastery of the diabetes teacher and whatever remains of the care group, taking into account a more total way to deal with care. The primary concern is that wellbeing mentors can be a powerful part of the care group. At the point when the wellbeing mentor is disengaged from the care group, for example, in a wellness focus or a worker wellbeing administrations site, they might be powerful in helping the patient achieve their objectives, however the arrangement could possibly be steady with their diabetes mind arrange (Abbott 2016). In this situation, it is up to the patient to guarantee that they are getting what they require from the mentor and that it works with and not against their diabetes mind.

As diabetes teachers, getting some information about the utilization of wellbeing mentors in different settings is as critical as getting some information about over-the-counter medications. It’s basic to evaluate how the arrangement with the wellbeing mentor fits with the general care arranges. By comprehension the different sorts of wellbeing mentors and how patients might be locked in with them, diabetes teachers can be better arranged to help patients be educated customers and to coordinate their honing knowledge with their diabetes mind arrange (Maria, Vanrenen and Skimble 2014). I had been drilling officials since 1990 in their workplaces as a major aspect of my brain science/counselling business. In any case, the accommodation of phone honing was energizing and was an administration I couldn’t morally give to treatment customers in my brain research rehearse (in any event that is the thing that I thought). From that point forward, the different moral bodies (American Counselling Association, American Psychological Association, et cetera) have perceived telephone based treatment and online treatment as new administration strategies for some specialists and customers (Riiser  et al. 2014). Nonetheless, there are still a few civil arguments happening in the matter of how to do it and stay moral.

The Role of Health Coaches

As mentioned by Gatti, Brivio and Galimberti (2013), the truth of internet honing is considerably more energizing than the hop to phone instructing. Given the bleeding edge development of online treatment and guiding, web based instructing is likewise a developing reality. Most mentors, obviously, speak with customers by means of email between sessions, however not as the essential technique for conveying instructing. However the more youthful customers are accustomed to talking, Twitter, content informing, so web based instructing can be very useful and vital. Online instructors charge either a month to month retainer and incorporate a furthest breaking point of message reactions, or they charge by the exchange. E-learning makes utilization of numerous advances – some of which have been created particularly for it, while others helpfully supplemented the learning procedure, for instance PC amusements (Vorderstrasse et al. 2013). Correspondence advancements are likewise generally utilized as a part of e-learning. Beginning with the utilization of email and texting, message discussions and informal organizations, we see a plenty of apparatuses that any web client would use regardless.

As per Armstrong and Burcin (2016), another preferred standpoint of educators customizing the course experience is the interest to various sorts of learners. In the event that an understudy wants to peruse about their teacher, they can survey a transferred memoir by means of PDF. In any case, if the understudy needs to distinguish a face and a name to their educator, they can watch a short welcome video. Educators can customize the course to speak to everybody and urge understudies to take an interest as indicated by their qualities. The principle objective is to require almost no extra gear than is now important to educate on the web. In the event that an educator has entry to essential PC hardware (desktop/portable workstation with hard drive space, webcam, and mouthpiece) and a broadband web association, they can promptly begin using our thoughts. The main expenses connected with the thoughts are time and tolerance. The business organizations work under the suspicion that workforce are not given extra financing to move their class into the online environment, so they have ended up imaginative in discovering free approaches to construct group and tweak the course (Yang  et al. 2013). Some mechanical apparatuses do have costs; however they make each endeavour to locate a free arrangement before utilizing an expensive bit of programming.

According to Gatti, Brivio and Galimberti (2013), in a quickly advancing deductively grounded and innovation driven society, the improvement of wellbeing proficiency is fundamental to guarantee that the general population is inspired and fit for recovering, appearing well and good, and applying exact wellbeing related data in their everyday lives and expert exercises. In like manner, the interest in a reasonable general wellbeing instruction requires coordinated activities tended to laypeople as well as to wellbeing expert gatherings of people. With the motivation behind highlighting ebb and flow points in wellbeing instruction explore, this Research Topic on “Wellbeing training: encouraging general wellbeing proficiency through imaginative training exercises and assets” unites six articles went for the training of both the lay group and wellbeing experts. Instructive mediations focusing on more youthful populace portions have a tendency to be viewed as compelling, as they increment the shot of supporting a sound way of life all through life (Andreasson and Johansson 2013).

In their article, Hill, Richardson and Skouteris (2015) show a brought together model for planning instructing and learning materials and describing understudies’ frameworks thinking abilities concerning the circulatory framework, in light of three surely understood models: frameworks thinking various levelled display, fitness for cell science training, and structure–behaviour-work demonstrate (Armstrong and Burcin, 2016). The information accumulated by the execution of this model in an example of 75 seventh grade understudies (12–13 years of age) in Israel recommends this might be a productive device to help instructors in advancing and enhancing understanding about element connections built up between framework segments at various levels of association.

The articles by Vorderstrass  et al. (2016), address key connecting challenges went for more youthful eras through school wellbeing programs. Gatti, Brivio and Galimberti (2013) concentrate on enhancing the limit of people and the group to manage wellbeing related issues.  Abbott (2016) consider the improvement of the learning base and the framework thinking abilities required to handle the multifaceted nature and immense measure of data about those issues.  ponder the advancement of educated basic leadership about wellbeing related practices (Nakai  et al. 2016). Every article inspects the effect of imaginative approaches and points of view that can support the adequacy of wellbeing training activities.

Maria and Vanrenen,  Skimble (2014) talk about the pretended by the group in yielding the achievement of formal and casual wellbeing instruction activities. Drawing on past studies supporting the pertinence of adopting on pluralistic strategies and collective research endeavours to advance wellbeing instruction (Gatti, Brivio and Galimberti, 2013), the creators exhibit the results of two blended techniques thinks about did in a young group association and in a school in Portugal. By conceptualizing wellbeing as indicated by socio-political and environmental measurements that outperform individual and biomedical perspectives and consider the group impact, they exhibit that youngsters are avid to enhance their insight about wellbeing rights and medicinal services get to basically in light of the fact that they see the immense importance of these delicate open issues in a more extensive social setting (Yang  et al. 2013).

Surveys have demonstrated that fruitful online physical action mediations have included customized counsel through drilling or PC fitting, various member contacts, social bolster components, and hypothetically based conduct change systems (Nakai  et al. 2016). Randomized controlled trials have observed that online mediations that give some type of customized counsel result in enhanced engagement and behavioural results contrasted with intercessions giving bland exhortation (Hill, Richardson and Skouteris 2015). Internet guiding and PC custom fitted exhortation are compelling methods for giving customized counsel in electronic mediations that copy the guidance and support gave in customary eye to eye directing sessions, in a way that diminishes land, time and cost impediments.

Guiding is characterized as encouraging wellbeing conduct change and enhancing wellbeing results through communication or organization between a wellbeing proficient (mentor) and an individual customer. Web based instructing sessions give individual contact like conventional up close and personal directing. Web based training sessions are regularly conveyed through private messages (email, SMS), constant texting (talk) and gathering discussions (Hrastinski and Stenbom 2013).

Web based guiding in online conduct change settings has been found to enhance impression of social bolster which is decidedly connected with conduct change (Yang  et al. 2013). Advisor started private messages and continuous directing sessions have been found to bring about more noteworthy weight reduction contrasted with online mediations giving data on weight reduction as it were. Different strategies for conveying social support in electronic mediations with lower time and cost restrictions incorporate online associate discourses and arrangement of an accessible online mentor (Stenbom, Hrastinski and Cleveland-Innes 2012). Neither one of the methods has been observed to be effective at enhancing behavioural results of the mediation, as couple of members have appeared to utilize these components.

There are additionally a few advancements that work in a reciprocal way to other programming and empower new elements, for instance programming that includes a whiteboard your video conferencing instrument to permit you or your associates to roll out improvements on other individuals’ work for audit, or screen-sharing which permits somebody to make a presentation while as yet making remarks and giving information utilizing the mouthpiece. E-learning makes great utilization of database and CMS (Content Management System) innovations. These two work as an inseparable unit to store your course content, test results and understudy records. The information is put away in the database and the CMS gives a UI to you to include, upgrade and erase information. A decent LMS will frequently give reporting apparatuses to produce and store advance reports.

References:

Abbott, A.A., 2016. Online Impersonal Training Risk Versus Benefit. ACSM’s Health & Fitness Journal, 20(1), pp.34-38.

Andreasson, J. and Johansson, T., 2013. The Health Guru: Masculinity and fitness coaching in the blogosphere. The Journal of Men’s Studies, 21(3), pp.277-290.

Armstrong, S.N. and Burcin, M.M., 2016. Digital Health Education for the Fully Online College Student: An Exploratory Study. American Journal of Health Education, 47(6), pp.385-393.

Aschbrenner, K.A., Naslund, J.A., Barre, L.K., Mueser, K.T., Kinney, A. and Bartels, S.J., 2015. Peer health coaching for overweight and obese individuals with serious mental illness: Intervention development and initial feasibility study. Translational behavioral medicine, 5(3), pp.277-284.

Bartels, S.J., Pratt, S.I., Aschbrenner, K.A., Barre, L.K., Naslund, J.A., Wolfe, R., Xie, H., McHugo, G.J., Jimenez, D.E., Jue, K. and Feldman, J., 2014. Pragmatic replication trial of health promotion coaching for obesity in serious mental illness and maintenance of outcomes. American Journal of Psychiatry.

Gatti, F., Brivio, E. and Galimberti, C., 2013. Evaluation of a personal mobile coaching service for health tracking. Annual Review of Cybertherapy and Telemedicine 2013, p.154.

Gerdes, S., Dethlefs, B., Personke, Y., Storim, J. and Mrowietz, U., 2016. Online weight?loss coaching for patients with psoriasis: results of a pilot study. British Journal of Dermatology.

Hill, B., Richardson, B. and Skouteris, H., 2015. Do we know how to design effective health coaching interventions: a systematic review of the state of the literature. American Journal of Health Promotion, 29(5), pp.e158-e168.

Hrastinski, S. and Stenbom, S., 2013. Student–student online coaching: Conceptualizing an emerging learning activity. The Internet and higher education, 16, pp.66-69.

Maria, C.K. and Vanrenen, G.J., Skimble, Inc., 2014. Device, method, and graphical user interface for providing health coaching and fitness training services. U.S. Patent Application 14/566,559.

Nakai, K., Sota, T. and Ozawa, Y., Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd., 2016. Online coaching method enabling online communication between trainer and trainee. U.S. Patent Application 15/049,147.

Pacione, C., Menke, S., Andre, D., Teller, E., Safier, S., Pelletier, R., Handel, M., Farringdon, J., Hsiung, E., Vishnubhatla, S. and Hanlon, J., 2014. System for monitoring and presenting health, wellness and fitness data with feedback and coaching engine. U.S. Patent Application 14/249,314.

Riiser, K., Ommundsen, Y., Småstuen, M.C., Løndal, K., Misvær, N. and Helseth, S., 2014. The relationship between fitness and health-related quality of life and the mediating role of self-determined motivation in overweight adolescents. Scandinavian journal of public health, p.1403494814550517.

Stenbom, S., Hrastinski, S. and Cleveland-Innes, M., 2012. Student-Student Online Coaching as a Relationship of Inquiry: An Exploratory Study from the Coach Perspective. Journal of asynchronous learning networks, 16(5), pp.37-48.

Taranovych, Y., 2013. Web Based Project Coaching: Requirements, Design, Implementation and Evaluation of Online Coaching Services. Springer Science & Business Media.

Vorderstrasse, A.A., Ginsburg, G.S., Kraus, W.E., Maldonado, M.C.J. and Wolever, R.Q., 2013. Health coaching and genomics—potential avenues to elicit behavior change in those at risk for chronic disease: protocol for personalized medicine effectiveness study in air force primary care. Global Advances in Health and Medicine, 2(3), pp.26-38.

Yang, N.Y., Wroth, S., Parham, C., Strait, M. and Simmons, L.A., 2013. Personalized health planning with integrative health coaching to reduce obesity risk among women gaining excess weight during pregnancy. Global Advances in Health and Medicine, 2(4), pp.72-77.

Yarborough, B.J., 2016. Health promotion coaching for obese individuals with serious mental illnesses produces clinically significant reductions in cardiovascular risks up to 18 months. Evidence Based Mental Health, 19(1), pp.31-31.