Design And Manufacturing Of A Racecar For Renault

Project Scope

The purpose of the project is designing and manufacturing of a racecar for the organization named Renault. The project will describe the execution plan for constructing the racing car in the present racing sports market. The project will include the project scope, objective, constraints and assumptions. The report will identify the project milestones and deliverables based on which the project schedule will be developed. The report will also consist of the risk management plan, communication plan, project budget, resource allocated and change management plan.

Renault is one of the largest multinational automobile companies and has been associated with motorsports over a decade. Renault has gained popularity in the market due to their presence in the motor sports industry namely Formula E and Formula 1 (Renault 2018). However, the organization wants to launch a new sports car in the market, which can rally in both Formula E and Formula 1. The project will schedule the planning and execution process of developing the new car manufacturing process. The organization exited from F1 in the year of 2010 but they have come back in the year of 2016. Therefore, they have been eager to launch a new model for assuring their victory in the Formula 1 and Formula E circuit.

As stated by Pheng (2018), the necessary information required for conducting the overall project is known as the project scope statement. The project statement is developed based on the specifications, requirements and expectation of the stakeholders of the organization. This project will depict the various process used for developing the racing car. The scope of the project can be divided further into followings parts:

According to Kerzner and Kerzner (2017), project objective defines the list of intended outcomes and the objectives are develop based on the goals set by the stakeholders in the organization. The objectives of the project are as follows:

To conduct market research to identify the technologies used by the market competitors
To investigate and develop the requirement for the new car model by analyzing the hardware and software requirements
To design the new car model
To integrate the specifications of the new car model
To assemble the parts effectively to complete the manufacturing process
To test the car and identify the drawbacks
To implement change management plan to complete the final product

As opined by Gharote et al. (2015), the processes essential for successful execution of a project are defined with the requirements. The requirements are develop in such a way that it will clearly depict the requirement for executing the project. The requirements of the current project are as follows:

Identifying the requirements for designing the car
Integration of the product parts and sub parts
Identifying the geometric dimension and assembling the product according to the required specification
Testing the manufactured car and identifying the drawbacks
To execute change management initiatives for making the necessary changes

As stated by Heldman (2018), the restrictions and limitations the project manager has to deal with for successful completion of the project are known as constraints. The new car manufactured may not provide the organization with competitive advantage as other companies are also using innovation into their business model for improving the functions of the car. The project manager will have to identify the over allocation of the budget so that extra cost can be reduced. The time span of the project is high all the deadlines have to be followed for timely delivery of the project. The manufacturing and assembly is a critical phase and no time schedule and resource allocation changes can be made to that phase.

Project Objectives

The following assumptions have been made for executing the development of the car manufacturing process:

All the departments have been communicated about the objectivity and purpose of the project
The project is undergoing under the full support of the internal stakeholders, external stakeholders and the sponsors
The project has to be executed within the given budget and addition allocation of resources will require permission from the stakeholders.

According to Chow, Woodford and Lambe (2014), a project is developed based on the needs and wants of the stakeholders so it will serve a specific purpose. The intangible and the tangible outcome of the project are the factors determining the effective success of the project. The inputs of the various projects can be labeled as deliverables. The components of project deliverables are software, hardware, money, information plan and various process documents. The projects deliverables for developing a new sports car are described below:

Task Name	Duration	Start	Finish
Racing Car Designing and Manufacturing process	559 days	Thu 3/8/18	Tue 4/28/20
1.1 Design phase	125 days	Thu 3/8/18	Wed 8/29/18
1.2 Integration Phase	110 days	Thu 8/16/18	Wed 1/16/19
1.3 Manufacturing and Assembly Phase	170 days	Thu 1/17/19	Wed 9/11/19
1.4 Testing Phase	120 days	Thu 9/12/19	Wed 2/26/20
1.5 Change management	44 days	Thu 2/27/20	Tue 4/28/20

The task that has zero duration but highlights the completion of a significant phase in the project is defined as project milestone (Snyder and Dionisio 2017). The milestones are developed in sequences, which state the completion of the different phases. The stakeholders and project managers will be able to understand the phase that has been completed. Therefore, the milestone helps in understanding the progress of the project. The milestones in a project defines completion of all the phases in the project but does not have any impact on the overall time span of the project. The milestones of the current project are as follows:

Task Name	Duration	Start	Finish
Milestone 1: Completion of Design Phase	0 days	Wed 8/15/18	Wed 8/15/18
Milestone 2: Completion of Integration Phase	0 days	Wed 1/16/19	Wed 1/16/19
Milestone 3: Completion of manufacturing and Assembly phase	0 days	Wed 9/11/19	Wed 9/11/19
Milestone 4: Completion of Testing Phase	0 days	Wed 2/26/20	Wed 2/26/20
Milestone 5: Completion of Change management process	0 days	Tue 4/28/20	Tue 4/28/20

Summary schedule

Task Name	Duration	Start	Finish
Racing Car Designing and Manufacturing process	559 days	Thu 3/8/18	Tue 4/28/20
1.1 Design phase	125 days	Thu 3/8/18	Wed 8/29/18
1.1.1. Analyzing the competitors	30 days	Thu 3/8/18	Wed 4/18/18
1.1.2 Concept and Prior art Research	45 days	Thu 3/8/18	Wed 5/9/18
1.1.3 Initial designing of the concept	30 days	Thu 5/10/18	Wed 6/20/18
1.1.4 Detailed Analysis of hardware and physics	50 days	Thu 6/21/18	Wed 8/29/18
1.1.5 Solid Modeling	40 days	Thu 5/10/18	Wed 7/4/18
1.1.6 Analysis of the design	30 days	Thu 7/5/18	Wed 8/15/18
Milestone 1: Completion of Design Phase	0 days	Wed 8/15/18	Wed 8/15/18
1.2 Integration Phase	110 days	Thu 8/16/18	Wed 1/16/19
1.2.1 Model Assemblies for the sub system	30 days	Thu 8/16/18	Wed 9/26/18
1.2.2 Model Assemblies for Chassis Subsystem	35 days	Thu 8/16/18	Wed 10/3/18
1.2.3 Model Assemblies for Hardware, Mounting and fastening	50 days	Thu 8/16/18	Wed 10/24/18
1.2.4 Full assembly of the system	60 days	Thu 10/25/18	Wed 1/16/19
Milestone 2: Completion of Integration Phase	0 days	Wed 1/16/19	Wed 1/16/19
1.3 Manufacturing and Assembly Phase	170 days	Thu 1/17/19	Wed 9/11/19
1.3.1 Practice test for machining and fabrication	25 days	Thu 1/17/19	Wed 2/20/19
1.3.2 Procurement of Hardware and materials	30 days	Thu 1/17/19	Wed 2/27/19
1.3.3 Geometric dimensioning and Tolerancing and Drawing	35 days	Thu 2/28/19	Wed 4/17/19
1.3.4 General manufacturing	60 days	Thu 4/18/19	Wed 7/10/19
1.3.5 Assembly	45 days	Thu 7/11/19	Wed 9/11/19
Milestone 3: Completion of manufacturing and Assembly phase	0 days	Wed 9/11/19	Wed 9/11/19
1.4 Testing Phase	120 days	Thu 9/12/19	Wed 2/26/20
1.4.1 Status of components and subsystems	35 days	Thu 9/12/19	Wed 10/30/19
1.4.2 Simulation of technical Inspection	45 days	Thu 9/12/19	Wed 11/13/19
1.4.3 Simulation of first race	75 days	Thu 11/14/19	Wed 2/26/20
Milestone 4: Completion of Testing Phase	0 days	Wed 2/26/20	Wed 2/26/20
1.5 Change management	44 days	Thu 2/27/20	Tue 4/28/20
1.5.1 Performance evaluation	10 days	Thu 2/27/20	Wed 3/11/20
1.5.2 Re-engineering process	30 days	Thu 3/12/20	Wed 4/22/20
1.5.3 Deployment of the Final racing car	4 days	Thu 4/23/20	Tue 4/28/20
Milestone 5: Completion of Change management process	0 days	Tue 4/28/20	Tue 4/28/20

Gantt chart

The summary budget will define the overall budget of the project along with the breakup of resource invested in each of the activities in the project. This is the final budget of the project that will be sent for approval.

Task Name	Resource Names	Cost
Racing Car Designing and Manufacturing process		$398,920.00
1.1 Design phase		$133,400.00
1.1.1. Analyzing the competitors	Project manager, Electronics and Electrical engineer, Instrumentation Engineer, Mechanical Engineer	$27,600.00
1.1.2 Concept and Prior art Research	Electronics and Electrical engineer, Instrumentation Engineer, Mechanical Engineer	$23,400.00
1.1.3 Initial designing of the concept	Electronics and Electrical engineer, Instrumentation Engineer, Mechanical Engineer	$15,600.00
1.1.4 Detailed Analysis of hardware and physics	Electronics and Electrical engineer, Instrumentation Engineer, Mechanical Engineer	$26,000.00
1.1.5 Solid Modeling	Electronics and Electrical engineer, Instrumentation Engineer, Mechanical Engineer, Technical Staff	$24,000.00
1.1.6 Analysis of the design	Mechanical Engineer, Project manager	$16,800.00
Milestone 1: Completion of Design Phase		$0.00
1.2 Integration Phase		$64,400.00
1.2.1 Model Assemblies for the sub system	Car parts, Technical Staff	$2,900.00
1.2.2 Model Assemblies for Chassis Subsystem	Technical Staff, Car parts	$3,300.00
1.2.3 Model Assemblies for Hardware, Mounting and fastening	Electronics and Electrical engineer, Instrumentation Engineer, Mechanical Engineer, Car parts	$26,500.00
1.2.4 Full assembly of the system	Electronics and Electrical engineer, Instrumentation Engineer, Mechanical Engineer, Car parts	$31,700.00
Milestone 2: Completion of Integration Phase		$0.00
1.3 Manufacturing and Assembly Phase		$87,000.00
1.3.1 Practice test for machining and fabrication	Instrumentation Engineer, Mechanical Engineer, Car parts	$9,500.00
1.3.2 Procurement of Hardware and materials	Mechanical Engineer, Technical Staff, Car parts	$7,700.00
1.3.3 Geometric dimensioning and Tolerancing and Drawing	Instrumentation Engineer, Mechanical Engineer, Technical Staff	$15,400.00
1.3.4 General manufacturing	Instrumentation Engineer, Mechanical Engineer, Technical Staff, Car parts	$26,900.00
1.3.5 Assembly	Electronics and Electrical engineer, Instrumentation Engineer, Mechanical Engineer, Technical Staff, Car parts	$27,500.00
Milestone 3: Completion of manufacturing and Assembly phase		$0.00
1.4 Testing Phase		$90,600.00
1.4.1 Status of components and subsystems	Project manager, Technical Staff	$16,800.00
1.4.2 Simulation of technical Inspection	Technical Staff, Mechanical Engineer	$10,800.00
1.4.3 Simulation of first race	Instrumentation Engineer, Mechanical Engineer, Project manager, Technical Staff	$63,000.00
Milestone 4: Completion of Testing Phase		$0.00
1.5 Change management		$23,520.00
1.5.1 Performance evaluation	Instrumentation Engineer, Project manager	$6,000.00
1.5.2 Re-engineering process	Electronics and Electrical engineer, Instrumentation Engineer, Mechanical Engineer	$15,600.00
1.5.3 Deployment of the Final racing car	Project manager, Technical Staff	$1,920.00
Milestone 5: Completion of Change management process		$0.00

Work Breakdown Structure

(Source: As created by Author)

Resource overview tables consist of the different resources that will be used in execution of the project. The table shows the different resources that will be used, the duration of their work and the cost associated with them over the whole period.

Name	Start	Finish	Remaining Work	Cost Variance
Project manager	Thu 3/8/18	Tue 4/28/20	1,472 hrs	$73,600.00
Mechanical Engineer	Thu 3/8/18	Wed 4/22/20	5,440 hrs	$108,800.00
Electronics and Electrical engineer	Thu 3/8/18	Wed 4/22/20	3,040 hrs	$60,800.00
Instrumentation Engineer	Thu 3/8/18	Wed 4/22/20	4,680 hrs	$117,000.00
Technical Staff	Thu 5/10/18	Tue 4/28/20	3,472 hrs	$34,720.00

Figure 1: resource overview

(Source: As created by author)

As stated by Cagliano, Grimaldi and Rafele (2015), risk management is an essential component of project management process. Every project consists of some risks and uncertainties, which may the success of the project. Therefore, risk management process has been developed where the different risk factors are identified, then prioritized and mitigated. The risk factors are prioritized based on their probability of occurrence and the level of impact it will have for the success of the project. Risk factors can be divided into external, internal and technical risk. It is difficult to control the macro environment so external risk factors can only be mitigated and cannot be avoided. However, internal risk factors can be avoided if precautionary measures are taken and there is a buffer attached to it. Technical risk is no different and the same rule applies to it.

Requirements

External

Risk Description	Time delay in receiving components for manufacturing of racing car	Shortage of funds	Unexpected issue
Priority	Medium	Medium	Medium
Summary	In order to complete the project, components are the necessity. If there is delay in delivery of the component of the project it will affect the time schedule.	It is essential to maintain the liquidity of the project so that there in procurements and delivery of car parts.	It is essential for the project manger to be prepared for the unexpected issues so that execution of the project is not affected by the period.
Affected Area	It will affect the integration and the manufacturing phase of the project where the availability of raw material is essential for success. This will affect the overall process as there has been delay in critical task will delay the time span of the overall project	It can affect the over all process or any phase of the project. The project may not be able to progress without the availability of funds	As it says unexpected risk, it has the possibility that any particular task or phase of the project may be affected.
Mitigation Plan	This can be executed if the organization develops all the parts and raw materials necessary for execution of the project.	The project manager will have to consult the financial head of the organization so all the requirement are improved at first hand.	The racing car team will have to consider the possible external risk factors and take precautionary measures.

Internal

Risk	Time delay in approval of components for integration and manufacturing phase	Scope Creep
Priority	Medium	High
Summary	The internal issues such as meetings and other projects may hamper the acceptance of the components required for the integration and manufacturing phase. This will increase the time span and overall cost associated with it.	This will consist of uncontrolled changes that may be required after testing of the project. Even though there is buffer time for the project it may take more time to resolve such uncontrollable changes.
Affected Area	It will affect the cost and duration of the project	This will have high impact on the requirements of the project and at the same time will have an impact on the project duration.
Mitigation Plan	An effective communication plan has to be developed so there is no lack of communication among the members of the team and project.	The changes will have to be prevented in the integration and manufacturing phase as it changes the requirement, objectives and constraints.

Technical

Risk	Issue in the working machineries	Unexpected issue
Priority	Medium	Medium
Summary	There may be issues with the machineries used for manufacturing the car.	There are unexpected technical issues that occur and the project team will have to be prepared for it.
Affected Area	It will affect the time span of the project	It have affect the time span of the project
Mitigation Plan	The machineries will have to checked and maintained regularly so that they can work at their full potential.	The project team will have to prepare other options for every task they perform so that time delay can be avoided.

The success of the project will depend upon the communication among the team members. The communication plan is developed to reduce the delays in the different phases of the project. The communication plan has to be developed in such a way that there is proper communication between the external and the internal stakeholders of the organization. This will also help in increasing the accountability and transparency in the project (Szeberenyi 2015). In this scenario, the communication plan has been developed according to the requirement of the project and the activities. The various risk factors can be avoided by having a better communication plan and it also enables better team work among the employees. Email is one of the most effective form of tool used for communication. Meetings have to be conducted after completion of each of the phases which will consist of the status report. These will enable to identify the variation in the process and the various reasons for it. The meeting will be conducted in the presence of the all the participants which includes the Project manager, Electronics and Electrical engineer, Instrumentation Engineer and Mechanical Engineer.

Meeting	Participant	Purpose	Date
Discussion of project initiation	Project manager, Electronics and Electrical engineer, Instrumentation Engineer, Mechanical Engineer	This meeting will discuss all the purpose, schedule and deliverables of the project. Therefore, the requirements, the assumptions and constraints will be discussed.	March 2018
Meeting after 1 month of the project commencement	Project manager, Electronics and Electrical engineer, Instrumentation Engineer, Mechanical Engineer	This is a follow-up meeting where the project manager will discuss the progress of the project and the problems faced.	April 2018
Milestone 1: Completion of Design Phase	Project manager, Electronics and Electrical engineer, Instrumentation Engineer, Mechanical Engineer	This meeting will discuss the success of the design phase and the different issues faced by the teams. Moreover, it will discuss the execution plan for the next phase.	August 2018
Milestone 2: Completion of Integration Phase	Project manager, Electronics and Electrical engineer, Instrumentation Engineer, Mechanical Engineer	This meeting will discuss the success of the Integration phase and the different issues faced by the team. Moreover, it will discuss the execution plan for the next phase.	January 2019
Milestone 3: Completion of manufacturing and Assembly phase	Project manager, Electronics and Electrical engineer, Instrumentation Engineer, Mechanical Engineer	This meeting will discuss the success of the manufacturing and assembly phase, and the different issues faced by the teams. Moreover, it will discuss the execution plan for the next phase.	September 2019
Milestone 4: Completion of Testing Phase	Project manager, Electronics and Electrical engineer, Instrumentation Engineer, Mechanical Engineer	This meeting will discuss the success of the testing phase and the different issues faced by the teams. Moreover, it will discuss the execution plan for the next phase.	February 2020
Milestone 5: Completion of Change management process	Project manager, Electronics and Electrical engineer, Instrumentation Engineer, Mechanical Engineer	This meeting will discuss the success of the change management plan and the necessary actions that needs to be taken if the car does not perform according to the requirements of the stakeholders.	April 2020

It is essential to maintain safety practices while working on the project. Incident management is a common phenomenon in the modern organization where safety of the employees is priority for the organization. The employees are often given power to report any processes where safety measures are lacking (Sanz-Calcedo et al. 2015). Therefore, by using robust management system the organization may reduce the chances of the number of accidents in the workplace. While conducting the project, the project manager will have to take care of the safety of the workers and monitor if all the safety measures are being executed according to the guidelines. This includes increasing the awareness of the employees by conducting health and safety workshops. Moreover, the employees should be provide with safety gears so they can be protected from any sort of accidents.

The change management plan will identify the shortcoming of the project management plan and will apply relevant changes needed to make it more effective. Initially the project plan consisted of resources and task that have been over allocated. The Gantt chart shows that there is over allocation in the non-critical tasks. This is not feasible for the project as it unnecessarily increases cost. Moreover, reducing the number of resources in the task will not affect the time span of the project so over allocation is not at all needed. Therefore, the change management has been able to reduce the overall cost of the project. However, the table below shows the slack in the task, which has been reduced considerably but still there is slack in some of the tasks which can be better utilized for analyzing the different phases and make the project more effective.

Task Name	Total Slack
Racing Car Designing and Manufacturing process	0 days
1.1 Design phase	0 days
1.1.1. Analyzing the competitors	15 days
1.1.2 Concept and Prior art Research	0 days
1.1.3 Initial designing of the concept	434 days
1.1.4 Detailed Analysis of hardware and physics	434 days
1.1.5 Solid Modeling	0 days
1.1.6 Analysis of the design	0 days
Milestone 1: Completion of Design Phase	0 days
1.2 Integration Phase	0 days
1.2.1 Model Assemblies for the sub system	20 days
1.2.2 Model Assemblies for Chassis Subsystem	15 days
1.2.3 Model Assemblies for Hardware, Mounting and fastening	0 days
1.2.4 Full assembly of the system	0 days
Milestone 2: Completion of Integration Phase	0 days
1.3 Manufacturing and Assembly Phase	0 days
1.3.1 Practice test for machining and fabrication	5 days
1.3.2 Procurement of Hardware and materials	0 days
1.3.3 Geometric dimensioning and Tolerancing and Drawing	0 days
1.3.4 General manufacturing	0 days
1.3.5 Assembly	0 days
Milestone 3: Completion of manufacturing and Assembly phase	0 days
1.4 Testing Phase	0 days
1.4.1 Status of components and subsystems	10 days
1.4.2 Simulation of technical Inspection	0 days
1.4.3 Simulation of first race	0 days
Milestone 4: Completion of Testing Phase	0 days
1.5 Change management	0 days
1.5.1 Performance evaluation	0 days
1.5.2 Re-engineering process	0 days
1.5.3 Deployment of the Final racing car	0 days
Milestone 5: Completion of Change management process	0 days

Table : Slack

(Source: As created by author)

Conclusion

Thus, it can be concluded that effective project management plan and schedule has been developed. Moreover, the risk management and communication plan has also been developed. If these plan is followed fully the desired outcome will be achieved. Therefore, the entire risk management plan has to be executed properly so that the uncertainties can be avoided.

References

Cagliano, A.C., Grimaldi, S. and Rafele, C., 2015. Choosing project risk management techniques. A theoretical framework. Journal of Risk Research, 18(2), pp.232-248.

Chow, A.F., Woodford, K.C. and Lambe, N., 2014. Using project deliverables and project management for timely completion of student projects. Journal of Emerging Trends in Economics and Management Sciences, 5(3), p.323.

Gharote, M., Patil, R., Lodha, S. and Raman, R., 2015. Assignment of trainees to software project requirements: A stable matching based approach. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 87, pp.228-237.

Heldman, K., 2018. PMP: project management professional exam study guide. John Wiley & Sons.

Kerzner, H. and Kerzner, H.R., 2017. Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons.

Pheng, L.S., 2018. Project Scope Management. In Project Management for the Built Environment (pp. 63-77). Springer, Singapore.

Renault 2018. Renault UK official website | New cars & vans | Passion for life | Renault UK. [online] Renault. Available at: https://www.renault.co.uk/ [Accessed 9 Mar. 2018].

Sanz-Calcedo, J.G., González, A.G., López, O., Salgado, D.R., Cambero, I. and Herrera, J.M., 2015. Analysis on integrated management of the quality, environment and safety on the industrial projects. Procedia Engineering, 132, pp.140-145.

Snyder, C. and Dionisio, C.S., 2017. A project manager’s book of forms: A companion to the PMBOK guide. John Wiley & Sons.

Szeberenyi, A., 2015. Project Communication Plan (No. AIDA-2020-MS4).

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