Ethics and governance in tourism
Determination and discussion about the major ethical and governing problems implemented in the Broken Dream Video of Vanuatu.
Vanuatu is situated in the South Pacific Ocean and a nation of pacific islands. The nation was first captured by the Melanesian people but the people who came first in the island were from Spain and Portugal. The population of that island is just, 250,000 and rarely comes in the front pages of international media with their problems. This island mainly attracts tourists for its eye catching scenic beauty. According to Vanuatu’s constitution, the speaker of parliament takes all presidential powers and duties while the president is in abroad; He also takes the responsibility to judge any kind of crime. Vanuatu had political structure which was designed according to the skeleton of constitutional democracy. Their constitution provides a representative parliamentary system. The Governmental Executive power and Legislative power are taken under government and parliament.
The constitutions had implemented the political structure of republic and controlled by the president with collaboration to the election result by the two third majorities of an electoral college. The main issue is that the cruise ships which visits Vanuatu has increase the growth of the people of that island as they think that it will bring a huge amount of prosperity as in this Pacific island, a cruise ship with full of tourist or visitors in a regular basis should be the way to be rich in terms of economic growth mainly. But the people of Vanuatu did not receive any kind of facilities which were allotted by the government. The government system of Vanuatu is a multiparty system. Vanua’aku party had divided into smaller parties and mainly they formed the land and justice party. The invention of the party mainly happened on the basis of strong identity among local people.
The major political problems that were faced by the people of that place were foreign investments, the customary land rights, development of infrastructures, recognition of natural disasters along with the changes in climate and corruption, protection of nation and lack of stability. As a result of these, people are not living successfully in that place. It is a challenge for the political economy to develop the pursuit of public welfare and the expense of personal interests. So the Government should check these problems to give them a better lifestyle (Fennell, 2015).
Justification of the ethical effects of P&O Cruise in this case.
The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company is one of the former cruise lines in the world and denoted as P&O cruise. It was the world’s first commercial passenger ship of the early 19th century. Port Vila is the capital of Vanuatu which is a Pacific nation consisted of 80 islands and is surrounded by a number of lagoons and tranquil beaches. The Government planned port or jetty’s services to fulfil their necessities, but the ferry service was not so helpful for them. The cruise ships which visited Vanuatu helps to provide the basic need by using which they should have bought wealth and success in their life. But they were very little benefitted. Most of the ferry services were expensive and unreliable in this prospect which also refers to the ethical effects of this particular cruise company. They could match the calculation of the total amount of money.
The dollars which they earned from the foreigners, most of the part is used for betterment of their land. They could not find any answer of that problem.( Moscardo and Benckendorff, 2015) They set up little stores which gave them extra money, and also to find out what actually is going wrong with these cruise ship. They thought someone is stealing their money and earning money in a negative way. People of Vanuatu are often gone to port Villa for their personal work and for their office purpose. So they thought that the problems are arising from there. It was really very difficult for them to find out the main culprit for this cruise case which will have a great impact in the economy of Vanuatu. This type of act was not justifiable for this famous Navigation Company. Tourism is the only way of earning money; they were so helpless for this incident.
The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company, the former cruise line set the tourism business in Vanuatu which is the one of the main way of living in this island as the people of this island has no particular occupation because of increasing change of climate & land of this island. At this state the business in terms of tourism is the only faith of the people of Vanuatu which is basically depends on the cruise ship company that is P&O. But the earning or the profit is not properly used in the growth of this people which also includes the government of that place & technically depends on the cruise ship company also which is also termed as ethical effects of P&O cruise ship in this particular case.
The responsible for rectifying the identified issued and the explanation for the reason.
Anti-money laundering of Vanuatu and the counter-terrorism financing regime and its enforcement were mutually appraised by Asia Pacific Group on the Money Laundering (“APG”) in 2006. It was identified that, Vanuatu was deficient in some fundamental FATF Standards. However, a fraud political environment, unavailability of resources, and no such significant progresses were not made since 2007 to 2015. Vanuatu was found ‘partially compliant’ or ‘non-complaint’ with some 30 FATF Standards. This standard is also related to the tourism & the cruise ship as well in terms of fixing problems which are associated with the issues that generates from visitors mainly. As a result, Vanuatu was sublimed in the APG to the FATF for consideration.
Government from Independence to till the date was very reluctant regarding the issues that have been arisen & the money come from the tourism business by the cruise ship is also not properly used by the local government of this place. There were only 12 good years. The Government told the people of Vanuatu that they will provide better opportunity for them but they did not keep their word (Cornelissen, 2017). The government strongly emphasizes that all financial institutions and other stakeholders must stand for these legislatives and policy directions, and must also work with the government to solve these international requirements. All of these jurisdictions are required to take responsibilities for their mutual evaluations and improvement on their anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing administration.
Vanuatu’s police forces also have been employed to look after this case based the business of tourism of the cruise ship which brings a lot of visitors. The government should take the authority to enhance the anti-money laundering, counter-terrorism financing related legislatives, strengthen for its institutional framework, improved its national coordination between law enforcement agencies, judicial institutions and supervisory authorities and access transparent cooperation with foreign enforcement agencies .Following this way this problem can be rectified & it will be helpful to be more focused in the prospect of tourism.
Discussion about the ways that Australian and/or Vanuatu’s governments could have in resolving identified issues.
The Government of Vanuatu’s (GoV) plan and reform agenda, as circulated through the Priority Action Agenda 2006–2015, (PAA) which was replaced by the National Sustainable Development Plan (NSDP), Planning Long Acting Short 2013–2016 (PLAS), Justice and Community Services Sector Strategy (JCSSS), and Vanuatu Police Force Strategic Plan. The aim of that agenda was mainly to maintain Vanuatu’s priorities and recourses which is directly associated with the tourist cruise ship. The Government of Vanuatu has designed a new strategy which was Stretem Rod Blong Jastis mo Sefti (SRBJS) (Wearing et. al., 2015).
Through SRBJS, or Vanuatu-Australia Policing and Justice Program, the Government of Australia (GoA) will provide support to Vanuatu’s people for improvising policing, justice and community services. It is related to the income in terms of money which brings the main economical benefits for the people of Vanuatu from the tourism policy based on the cruise ship basically. The design of SRBJS continues and builds upon the existing GoA investment. The Policing and Justice Support Program Vanuatu (PJSPV) was planned to finish by 31 December 2016.
The Policing and Justice Support Program Vanuatu is a combination of justice, community services and policing support for the major problems like service delivery issues which is primarily related to women, children and youth. The program is constructed jointly by the Australian Federal Police (AFP), providing expert policing advice to the Vanuatu Police Force (VPF), and a managing contractor who is the administrator of the whole programme. The program works closely and collaboratively under the direction of Australia’s Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT). SRBJS will help Vanuatu’s people by following the way (Auweele et al., 2016).
Stretem Rod blong Jastis MO Sefti has been developed to solve the challenges facing this area which includes limited access to justice, mainly for women, children, and the youth in remote and urban areas; high levels of violence against women and children and increasing numbers of the youth coming into conflict with respect to law which also has effect in tourism respectively.
Implementation of three recommendations for maintaining these issues in future
Vanuatu is one of the rare areas in the world for having the pure tax system which controls the most orthodox financial centre in the South Pacific Region. The micro Finance institution in Vanuatu was developed in 1971. Vanuatu’s legitimate Finance Centre was ideal to overcome the money laundering problem .The legal and economic regime was determined neither to the foreign capital of legitimate, but to the illegal laundering to capital. It was known that inter alia of Vanuatu had become a heavy concentration of activity in finance for money laundering by the Russian Mafia who generally utilized American middlemen. Some people of Vanuatu became financially rich by the money laundering with the help of the Russian Mafia who apparently used American middlemen (Moscardo, 2015).
There were growths in criminal interests in the Pacific Islands as it was denoted as a sustainable laundering ground for the tight laws and regulation in other island, as Vanuatu was the financial centre utilized for money laundering. A tourist was caught for defrauding the case. He used all the black money for personal purposes. Besides all this he had numerous accounts in bank and offshore accounts in Vanuatu, Bahamas and the Mexico which was against the law (Fennell, 2015). Corruption provides beneficial market conditions for the profitability in criminal enterprises. So Vanuatu is the prime spot for transnational criminals which produce economic crimes. Finance centre stated 3 laws to solve this problem .These are as follows-
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