1.
Program management is a centralized and well- coordinated management of a program, which helps the management in achieving the objective. Jugdev (2012) stated that the program management approach utilizes different strategies for optimizing project costs, encouraging integration between departments, staffing and minimization of program dependencies on different factors. Utilization of the program management methodology in the business will be helping the organization in preventing different schedule and cost overruns and thereby facilitate the smooth functioning of the systems as per the objectives of the firm. Katsikopoulos and Gigerenzer (2013) stated that the capabilities and competencies of the organization is elevated through a well functioning program management team.
The different aspects of change in the organizational discourse are based on the identification of the capabilities and the competencies of the same while adhering to the increasing demand of the customers for the product or services. Jiang, et al., (2014) also stated that the program management of businesses helps in supporting strategic initiatives and component projects under the assorted the program or change. The approach makes use of diverse range of strategies in order to monitor and control the different components of the program and thereby influence the outcome as a whole. Therefore, program management is the most appropriate approach that helps the organizations in maintaining the efficacy of the functions as per the objectives of the business.
The issues that were faced by Vant’s organization is related to lack of suitable communication among the different departments. It has affected the organizational capabilities of adhering to the demands of the customers in the peak times. On the other hand, the lack of personnel from electrical engineering, mechanical engineering and people looking after the manufacturing process has hampered the productivity of the business. Therefore, I believe that the organization might apply suitable program management approaches in order to mitigate the issues and thereby boost the productivity as per the demand of the customers in the peak seasons.
I would recommend Vant to build on the communicability of the organization in order to enhance the functioning of the same while operating on the diverse demand of the customers. Sinivaara (2015) stated that suitable communicational medium helps organizations in maintaining the proficiency of the functions as per the needs of the business. On the other hand, the key changes in the organizational model are based on effective interaction between different units, which helps in enhancing the productivity. The need for inducing interactions in the business structure is minimal due to the design of the products and the efficacy of the departments in assembling. However, at the peak seasons, the growth in the demands and the complexity of the product designs affected the company’s functioning due to lack of suitable interactions between different departments. Therefore, Vant might take steps to establish suitable communicational channels and make the relevant departments aware of their utilization in order to enhance the productivity as per the demands.
Vant is also required to consider staffing in the fields of electrical engineering, mechanical engineering and manufacturing departments in order to undertake the smooth functioning of the business without compromising the productivity of the same. The key elements of change in the organizational structure and functioning are based on the intensive assembling processes, which require the intervention of the above mentioned talents. Lack of skilled employees in the workforce of the organization has affected the proper functioning of the same in the peak seasons. Therefore, Vant must take steps to recruit different skilled employees as per the needs of the organization to enhance the productivity in the peak seasons for undertaking a sustainable venture. I believe that the proper application of the program management procedures will be helping Vant in maintaining the standards of the functions and thereby prevent cost and schedule overruns. On the other hand, the recommended action that are being enumerated in this section aimed at maintaining the proficiency of the business functions in the peak seasons.
The issue that is faced by the organization is based on the lack of different capabilities of the same to function in different intense situations in the peak hours where the client demand increases. Lack of suitable resource planning and allocation has affected the organizational capabilities of adhering to the interests of the clients. On the other hand, the lack of proper communication tool in the internal departments affected the smooth functioning of the business systems in the peak hours due to the complexity of the product designs. Application of suitable program management networks would be helping the organization in maintaining the efficacy of the function and the productivity while operating in the peak seasons.
I would plan the different changes that are required by the organization in order to undertake the proficient functioning as per the needs of the customer. Katsikopoulos and Gigerenzer (2013) stated that the efficient planning is based on the assessment of the core capabilities of the organization to make the subtle modifications. Therefore, I would take steps to identify the capabilities of the organization through assessment of the budget in order to identify the financial feasibility of the organization for the modification. On the other hand, I would investigate the root of the issues that are faced by the organization relating to lack of suitable communication and skilled workforce, which can be mitigated by inclusion of communicational channels in the organizational context. The analysis of feasibility of the planning will be based on the assessment of the outcomes that might be faced by the organization. It will be helping me to understand the benefits that will be obtained by the organization through the implementation of the different modifications as per the program management guidelines. Execution of the planned processes in the business models and thereby monitoring and controlling over the different functions will be assisting me to undertake the smooth functioning of the systems as per the objectives of its growth. The implementation of the communication channels and recruitment of skilled employees in the workforce will be helping the organization in maintaining the proficiency of the functions as per the needs of the firm. The systematic implementation of the processes will be helping me to resolve the issues that are faced by the organization.
The introduction of different models in the organizational contexts helps in enhancing the operations of the same while operating in the diverse markets. The introduction of the Rapid Release model approach undertaken by TSU has helped in enhancing the processes while operating in the diverse market situations. The application of the model on the organizational culture has helped the same in maintaining the efficacy of the same in enhancing the product development stages. Application of suitable program management concepts helps organizations in undertaking the smooth functioning of the systems as per the objectives. Heinrich (2012) stated that the basic functioning of the business processes and the manner in which the processes might be optimized. The application of the different models in the organizational context as per the program management concept assists organization in maintaining the efficacy of the diverse range of programs that are planned by the same. As per the context, TSU has implemented the Rapid Release model and thereby the section will be focusing on the identification of the different advantages and disadvantages of the model aligned with the perception of program management.
The advantages of ascertaining the Rapid Release model are being discussed in this section, which will be helping to inspect the different prospects of the organizational program’s success.
Quick Delivery: The model will be helping TSU in undertaking quick deliveries through rapid prototyping utilizing the Computer Aided Software Engineering tools. The utilization of the tools has helped in enhancing the operations of the business as developers reuse the codes that were previously generated. It helps the processes in saving the critical time, which would have been required for undertaking manual coding of the operations. It has helped the organization in initiating and developing the tasks enumerated in the program by the scheduled timeframe. The application of the model will be helping the organization in preventing risks relating to schedule overruns that might result to the critical failure of the program.
Better Quality: Rapid Release model undertaken by the TSU will be helping the same in maintaining the efficacy of the functions through suitable development of prototype by computing on the end-user reviews, feedbacks and the like. However, the process does not affect the overall architecture and its functionality, which will be helping the organization in iterating modifications even in the waterfall methodology. The developers, through the utilization of different stringent testing cycles, maintain the quality of the product deliverables of the business. Moreover, the smooth functioning of the business operations through appropriate planning and scheduling will be helping the same in maintaining the standards of the products and services as per the propositions.
Enhanced Collaboration: The introduction of the Rapid Release model in TSU has helped the same in undertaking active collaborations between the end-users and developers. It has helped the organization in maintaining the efficacy of the functions while operating in the diverse markets. The key changes in TSU are based on the functioning of the same as per the identification of the needs of the end- users. The collaborative functioning of the developers with the end- users of the business has helped in maintaining the efficacy of the functions through reduction of communicational gaps.
The disadvantages of ascertaining the Rapid Release model are:
Inappropriate model for smaller projects: The model is inappropriate for the smaller programs due to their complex nature. Complexity of the design in TSU and the lack of interconnectedness of the designers with the end- users affect the parameters that are designed by the model. Moreover, TSU has lower resource margins and thereby is incapable of implementing the model as the cost of prototyping and coding is higher than the capabilities of the small project initiators. The model also includes the intervention of the skilled personnel in order to function as per the objectives of the organization. In this regards, the small budget projects lacks in the capability of recruiting highly professional people in the program which might affect the execution of the program as per the parameters that are set by the model. The lack of collaborative functioning between the designers and the end- users might affect the design and the innovative capabilities of the program initiators. Therefore, the implementation of the model program on small- scale programs is affected through lack of suitable testing and prototyping phase.
Limited by time schedule: The identification of the perfect time when the model can be implemented is one of the major issues that are faced by TSU. The assumption of the time of implementation and the process through which the program might be implemented has affected the proper functioning of the systems of the business operations.
The utilization of the Rapid Release model helps in enhancing the functions of the business operations as per the objectives of the same. The systematic methodology that is infested by the model helps in undertaking the collaborative approach. However, the complexity of the project that is undertaken by the business and the lack of sufficient resources might affect the organizational capabilities of implementing the model. Other organizations might undertake the Rapid Release model in order to optimize their designs as per the needs of the end- users. The suitable prototyping and testing functions of the organization will be helping the same in maintaining the efficacy of their performance while undertaking suitable management of the programs. The application of the model in the other organizations will be helping the same in enhancing the quality of the products that are delivered by the business. On the other hand, the utilization of the model in the organizational context will be helping the same in undertaking collaborative functioning of the designers with the end- users. It will be helping the organization in upholding the efficacy of the functions as per the program management approach. The design of the products and services as per the identification of the needs of the end users arte facilitated through the implementation of the model.
1.
Jenny might take steps to encourage the involvement of the chief stakeholders in the business processes. It will be helping the organizations in maintaining their efficacy while understanding the issues that are faced by the community. On the other hand, Jenny might review the government policies that might helps in endorsing the shared utilization of the resources that are found adjacent to the schools. Jenny must take steps to facilitate a proactive approach while promoting the shared use of the facilities that might be utilized by the communities. The most common issues that are faced by the communities while introducing a shared perspective is based on the lack of appropriate design of the facilities. It affects the sharing perspective of the communities. On the other hand, the poor condition of the facilities affects the value of shared perspective in a community. Therefore, as per the case Jenny must take steps to build on the suitable planning of the facilities in order to cope up with the shared perspective. The numbers of the school- funded projects that are awaiting the approval of the higher authorities are higher than the approved projects, which have affected the concept of sharing as per the needs of the organization.
In the situation, Jenny must undertake suitable planning and consultation with the school and government authorities, which will be helping the same in implementing the projects viably as per the needs of the community. Jugdev (2012) stated that suitable project planning methods will be helping the organizational management in maintaining the efficacy of the same while operating on the diverse objectives. Appropriate program planning procedures that are undertaken by the businesses are based on the identification of the culpabilities and competencies that might be faced by the venture through the initiation. On the other hand, monitoring over the processes as per the government regulations will be helping Jenny to implement the functions as per the objectives of the project. Jenny must facilitate continuous interaction with the relevant stakeholders like the school and government authorities in order to understand the viability of the same in the joint use phenomenon. The implementations of the relevant policies that are formulated by the government are based on the monitoring methodology that is implemented by the same through agreements. Therefore, Jenny is required to undertake steps in order to enhance the operations through the utilization of different monitoring tools in order to enhance the project parameters and scopes of being approved.
Kim and Feamster (2013) stated that efficiency of the program management is based on the appropriate utilization of communication. Communication is regarded as one of the principal constituents that help in integrating the efforts the relevant stakeholders in the processes that are framed by the organization. Van Dooren, Bouckaert and Halligan (2015) stated that communication assists the management in integrating the operations through collaborative functioning. The engagement of the stakeholders in the business processes helps the organization in maintaining the efficacy of the program that is scheduled. On the other hand, delineation of different job roles in the program’s context assists the businesses in maintaining the efficacy of the functions as per the objectives. On the other hand, appropriate planning of the program through assessment of capabilities and competencies of the same will be facilitated through the active involvement of the stakeholders in the diverse range of systems. Segregating the different systems into bits and thereby allocating the stakeholders with different job roles will be helping the organizational management in maintaining the efficacy of the functions while implementing the program.
Rose et al., (2013) stated that frequent consultation with the business stakeholders will be helping the firm in making the stakeholders aware of the different processes and thereby encourage their involvement. Moreover, Turkulain et al., (2015) stated that the consultation with the stakeholders of the business will be helping the organization in assessing the risks that might be faced by the same while implementing the venture and the feasible strategies for mitigation. Appropriate communication with the stakeholders helps in maintaining the efficacy of the functions as per the objectives of the business operations. The supportive factors to the organizational change are based on the change readiness among the stakeholders through active communication. Communication helps the management in transmitting the goals of the same to bring forth improvements in the structure and systems through implementation of definite programs. Buijs and Edelenbos (2012) stated that the suitable planning of methodologies and thereby segregating the tasks as per the priorities of the organization helps in maintaining the efficacy of the functions in the program. On the other hand, Springer (2016) stated that the involvement of the relevant stakeholders in the business processes has helped the firm in innovating new ideas for maintaining the sustainable approach of the project. Therefore, communication and establishment of suitable relations with the stakeholders will be helping the business in undertaking the smooth functioning of the tasks as per the objectives of the program.
Supporting the needs of the stakeholders and thereby assisting with the interests of the same helps the organization in maintaining their efficacy while operating in the diverse program objectives. Programs are planned by organizations in order to induce different feasible modification in the organizational context. The changes in the business operating systems is aimed at improving the market position of the same while operating in the diverse fields. The management must take the responsibility of managing the stakeholders effectively with the view of undertaking the smooth functioning of processes in order to bring forth changes in the program design. Dozier, Grunig and Grunig (2013) stated that the frequent communication with the stakeholders helps the organization in improving their holding as per the mutual concerns of the business and the interests of the stakeholders. It helps the businesses in enhancing the operations through maximizing the involvement of the stakeholders in the program’s processes.
The different methodologies and approaches of program management is an important consideration that is undertaken by the businesses in order to enhance the operation of the same. However, Van der Veen, Marshall and Spaeth (2012) stated that the identification of the relevant methodology as per the program needs is one of the major factors that drastically affects the outcome. The identification of appropriate methodology will be assisting organizations in maintaining their efficacy while operating as per the needs of the customers. Rosemann and vom Brocke (2015) added that the classification of the different methodologies as per the objectives of the business undertakings and the understanding of needs of the program assists firms in upholding a clear conception of the outcome.
On the other hand, Näsholm & Blomquist (2015) opined that the lack of proper planning of the project affects the outcome distinctly. The understanding of the program management technique is based on the different measures that are undertaken by the board in order to identify the scope and parameters of the project. However, lack of understanding of the project scope adversely affects the planning phase of the project resulting to failure. The lack of appropriate planning of the program portrays the little knowledge of organizations of what is meant by successful program management. For an example, Target Corporation the second-largest retailer in the United States worth 72.62 billion US dollars failed to enter the Canadian market (Kerzner & Kerzner, 2017). The failure was subjected to the price offerings of the organization, which was not as was proposed by the same in the initial levels. On the other hand, the disputes in the supply-chain operations of the business affected the inventories and kept their target customers waiting. It affected the program outcome of the business due to lack of suitable planning of the operations in the market (Yamaguchi, Maeda & Kojima, 2013).Conforto et al., (2013) stated that the lack of suitable planning of organizations affect the program management methodologies. Thereby it clearly portrays how lack of knowledge leads to program failures even in the modern days with all the technological innovations. The case also directs the attention of the researchers in the manner in which the inappropriate documentation and control of the case has affected the same adversely.
The smooth functioning of program management is based on the efficient communication and active involvement of the relevant stakeholders in the process of the business. Fernandes et al., (2015) stated that suitable communication helps in integrating the efforts of the stakeholders in the program’s processes through defining the individual roles that are required to be played by the same. The advancement of technology has helped organizations in adhering to the different changes in the communicability. However, the case of Queensland Health payroll project indicated that lack of suitable communication among the stakeholders and inappropriate leadership has resulted to the failure in 2013 (Florez, Castro-Lacouture & Medaglia, 2013). The lack of suitable communication with IBM and CorpTech, the chief stakeholders of the business, has affected the program parameters while upgrading their systems. The lack of suitable estimation of the costs and schedule has also affected the parameters of the project. on the other hand, vague objective of the program affected the tasks that was planned by the organization. It has affected the growth of the organization as per the needs of the same in order to operate in the diverse markets. The evidence from the case of the Queensland Health payroll project has helped in identifying the factors relating to lack of suitable knowledge of the functioning of program management. Collins et al., (2013) stated that program management aims at breaking down the complex systems that are planned by the organization and thereby research on the flaws of the same for modifications. However, the lack of proper knowledge of the organizational processes affects the program management techniques.
Disregarding the different risks that might be faced by the program affects the smooth functioning of the systems. Kumar et al., (2012) stated that risks play an integral part in assessing the different unfavorable conditions that might restrain the activities planned by firms. The analysis of the cap[abilities and competencies of organizations assist the same in maintaining their efficacy while planning the programs. For an example, National Health Service of England aimed at creating a unified electronic health records system for all the clients. However, the huge and complex project faced an enormous risk while intending to serve around 40,000 GPs over 300 British hospitals (Brudney & Meijs, 2014). The risk that was faced by the project due to the nature of the project was not anticipated by the authorities, which affected the program outcome dynamically. The concerned authorities failed to simplify the complex processes that were aimed by the organization, which has affected the project outcome dynamically. It has affected the smooth functioning of the systems as per the needs of the same.
Ward and Levin (2016) stated that the active collaboration with the chief stakeholders assists the organizations in avoiding the different risks that might be faced by the same. On the other hand, Humphries et al., (2014) stated that anticipation of the risk factors assists businesses in maintaining their efficacy through assessment of the costs that are required to be incurred. Inaccurate estimation of the different costs that are to be undertaken by the program initiating team is one of the major considerations that influence the outcome of the program.
1.
The assessment delved into the understanding of the diverse issues that are faced by National Broadband Internet. The assessment helped me in understanding the value of the propositions and the manner in which pricing structure of the commodities affect the demands for the commodities. On the other hand, investigating the reports of the project failure portrayed that the poor planning and the unclear methodology that was adopted by the organization affected the quality of the net service. The investigation on the different factors that lead to the project failure has helped us in understanding the importance of the methodology planning and the suitable segregation of the different tasks as per the expertise of the people. NBN’s lack of long-term planning has affected the methodological aspects. On the other hand, the poor quality of materials has affected the product offerings of the business. The organization provided low quality internet services due to the low-quality fibre used. The failure of the project was exemplified as the result of the low speed internet provided by the organization and the high cost for the services that were charged by the same. It has affected the proper functioning of the systems of the business processes while operating on the expectations of the Australians. The case exemplified the manner in which the complexity of the project and poor planning of the same affected the parameters of the project while operating in the diverse needs of the business operations.
2.
The analysis of the root causes of organizational issues will be helping the same in framing different recommended actions as per the needs of the business. On the other hand, the case helped me in understanding the different factors that affects the proper functioning of the program. It has helped me in identifying the necessity of the planning phase and the manner in which it helps in assisting the organization in understanding its core capabilities and competencies. On the other hand, the different roles that are required to be played by the program’s stakeholders is dependent in the delineation of the job roles to the same. The program that was planned by the authorities of the NBN program lacked suitable clarification of the job roles that are to be played by the stakeholders for the success of the project. It has aff4ected the integrative action of the stakeholders as per the objectives of the business. The different aspects of the program management are being stratified through the disclosure of the case. Issues relating to lack of planning, suitable utilization of methodology and communication are being identified through the case incident, which has helped in enriching the knowledge on the varied factors of program management.
The case, however, did not provide with the knowledge of undertaking the different methodologies as per the needs of the program. The issues can be mitigated through the utilization of proper ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) tools and mind mapping. However, the different techniques of utilizing the tools were not revealed which has constrained the mitigation strategies. We undertook a quantitative analysis where we collected responses from the users, which restricted our data collection by different biases like personal preferences and loyalty. It has affected the findings of the research we undertook. The different issues that were faced by the organization and the manner in which the performance of the business might be boosted was not provided in our research resulting to an incomplete study.
I would like to gain expertise over the utilization of different program management tools in order to explain the issues that are faced by the organizations more vividly in the research and thereby recommend different feasible solutions in order to support the organizational undertakings. On the other hand, I would be utilizing qualitative analysis for interviewing the managers and the stakeholders of the business in order to avoid all biases for the research. It will be helping us to strengthen the research based on the understanding of the chief issues that were faced by the organization while implementing the program. It will also help us in judging the position of the organization in the market through the assessment of the capabilities and competencies that are faced by the same while operating as per the expectations of the customers. On the other hand, I would also like to integrate our teams in order to enhance the team bandings, which is an essential part of undertaking a successful research. Delineation of the job roles that are required to be undertaken by the team members will contribute to the success of the research operations that are undertaken by the same. Suitable communication within the team will be helping us to bring forth changes in the approach of the research while operating in the diverse fields of actions.
The different management skills included the identification of the different issues that are faced by the businesses and the manner in which they can be mitigated. On the other hand, the different aspects of communication and the manner in which integration among the members can be established is being induced through the activity. The research has helped me in understanding the different aspects of the issues and the manner in which they can be mitigated through efficient planning.
The communication with the group members were facilitated through the utilization of suitable resources like mediums that facilitate proper communication. On the other hand, the utilization of continuous interaction platforms like social media has helped us in undertaking the operations in a collaborative manner. The key elements of change in the organizational performance are based on the communicability of the same. On the other hand, the management of teams is also dependent on the communicability of the team members, which helps in initiating the program and implements the same successfully.
I responded to the change more readily ass it is necessary for the success of the research and development of the organization. On the other hand, the changes were aimed at refining the decision making and planning attributes for maintaining the consistency of the operations of the business. Therefore, change readiness in my approach will be helping me to support the modifications as a necessity for improving the processes of the venture.
References
Brudney, J. L., & Meijs, L. C. (2014). Models of volunteer management: Professional volunteer program management in social work. Human Service Organizations: Management, Leadership & Governance, 38(3), 297-309.
Buijs, J. M., & Edelenbos, J. (2012). Connective capacity of program management: Responding to fragmented project management. Public Administration Quarterly, 3-41.
Collins, D. M., Cote, G. L., Hayes, C. M., & Trione, B. S. (2013). U.S. Patent Application No. 13/225,366.
Conforto, E., Rossi, M., Rebentisch, E., Oehmen, J., & Pacenza, M. (2013). Survey report: Improving integration of program management and systems engineering. MIT Consortium for Engineering Program Excellence.
Dozier, D. M., Grunig, L. A., & Grunig, J. E. (2013). Manager’s guide to excellence in public relations and communication management. Routledge.
Fernandes, A. G. G., Pinto, E. B., Machado, R. J., Araújo, M. M. T. D., & Pontes, A. J. (2015). A program and project management approach for collaborative university-industry R&D funded contracts.
Florez, L., Castro-Lacouture, D., & Medaglia, A. L. (2013). Sustainable workforce scheduling in construction program management. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 64(8), 1169-1181.
Heinrich, C. J. (2012). How credible is the evidence, and does it matter? An analysis of the Program Assessment Rating Tool. Public Administration Review, 72(1), 123-134.
Humphries, S., Stafinski, T., Mumtaz, Z., & Menon, D. (2014). Barriers and facilitators to evidence-use in program management: a systematic review of the literature. BMC health services research, 14(1), 171.
Jiang, J. J., Chang, J. Y., Chen, H. G., Wang, E. T., & Klein, G. (2014). Achieving IT program goals with integrative conflict management. Journal of Management Information Systems, 31(1), 79-106.
Jugdev, K. (2012). Learning from lessons learned: Project management research program. American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, 4(1), 13.
Katsikopoulos, K. V., & Gigerenzer, G. (2013). Behavioral operations management: A blind spot and a research program. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 49(1), 3-7.
Kerzner, H., & Kerzner, H. R. (2017). Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons.
Kim, H., & Feamster, N. (2013). Improving network management with software defined networking. IEEE Communications Magazine, 51(2), 114-119.
Kumar, S., Singhal, A. K., Sankaran, V., Jha, A. R., Amre, H. M., Talloo, S., … & Newton, A. C. (2012). U.S. Patent No. 8,255,254. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Näsholm, M. H., & Blomquist, T. (2015). Co-creation as a strategy for program management. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 8(1), 58-73.
Rose, R. D., Buckey Jr, J. C., Zbozinek, T. D., Motivala, S. J., Glenn, D. E., Cartreine, J. A., & Craske, M. G. (2013). A randomized controlled trial of a self-guided, multimedia, stress management and resilience training program. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 51(2), 106-112.
Rosemann, M., & vom Brocke, J. (2015). The six core elements of business process management. In Handbook on business process management 1 (pp. 105-122). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
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Springer, M. L. (2016). Project and program management: A competency-based approach. Purdue University Press.
Turkulainen, V., Ruuska, I., Brady, T., & Artto, K. (2015). Managing project-to-project and project-to-organization interfaces in programs: Organizational integration in a global operations expansion program. International Journal of Project Management, 33(4), 816-827.
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