Discuss about the Management & Leadership for Business Research.
Today organizations have realized the importance of effective leaders at top position. Therefore, it is important that organizations should have effective leaders that can take the important decision for organizations. It is also important that leaders should be able to understand the cultural barriers. The need of cultural barriers increases for the organizations that have to operate in a multicultural environment. It is expected that organizational would not only look for managers but also for leaders that can actually make a difference in the organization. The business research topic for this research work is to understand the differences between management and leaders for multinational organizations.
The literature suggests that it is very possible and desirable for organization to want and desire a leader and manager to be one person. A manager oversees and monitors, and maintains the day-to-day operation. A leader on the other hand has vision, directs and helps others move toward the change process. A leader takes on more reasonability, to ensure that the mission and values are aligned with the organization and upheld within the change process. Managers are administrators, and leaders are visionaries (Pluknette, 2014). There are many challenges that a leader may be faced with. For example, being respected and to be liked, balancing the needs of the organization and the needs of people, and maintaining focus. A manager may be faced with many things, and some similar to leaders. A manager may be faced with, bringing out the best in their employees, responding to a crisis, and continuous improvement. One of the biggest challenges that a leader may encounter is resistance. One of the biggest challenges that a manager may encounter is lack of employee support, involvement and motivation. Many organizations have rigorous training programs to ensure that all managers and leaders can manage and lead effectively to benefit the organization. Organizations have put forth a conscious effort to combine or create a management and leadership position. Providing the proper training and tool to allow successful and effective management and leadership.
This research would focus on the differences between management and leadership. The research would also focus on the impact of effective leadership for multinational organizations (Coviello, 2015). The specific research questions of this research work can be discussed as below:
Miao, Newman, Huang (2014) describe the need to lead in a participatory leadership fashion creating trust in two areas; emotional and cognitive focus. Emotional trust relates to the relationship and behaviors between the leaders and the subordinate with a genuine care between the two. Cognitive trust refers to work related issues, building confidence, capabilities, reliabilities and integrity. When the leaders encompass both and strengthen employee trust the work product will increase with the effectiveness of the employee. As a leader there are always challenges and success (Hubbard & Lindsay, 2013). Challenges that could arise for a leader related to the four functions of management of planning, organizing, leading and controlling.
The research would start an initial hypothesis of null hypothesis. The initial hypothesis of this research work can be discussed as:
The initial research hypothesis of this research work is that effective leadership in an organization improves the organizational productive levels. This research work has one independent variable and one dependent variable (MacKinnon & Coxe, 2012). The dependent and independent variables for this research work can be discussed as:
Independent variable: The effectiveness of leaders at top position within global and multinational organizations
Dependent variable: The employee productivity is the dependent variable in this case.
It is crucial that researcher should have a strong understanding of assumptions and limitations as these limitations acts as the boundary of the research work. The assumptions of this research work can be discussed as:
The research methods would be a combination of primary research and secondary research. These methods can be discussed in detail as below:
The first step of the primary research is to have a sample size. For this research work, stratified sampling method would be used. There would be three strata or three groups (Harrison, 2013). There would be close to 35 people in each of the group. The total sample size for this research work would be 100. The participants in each of three strata or groups can be described as:
The primary research would use quantitative research methods. An online questionnaire would be developed to collect the responses from people. The questionnaire would have close to 20 questions.
The secondary research would be completed through literature review. The literature review would also be a critical part of this research work. The sources from the literature would be used to complete the research. A number of studies have been published in the area of employee motivation and employee productivity (Erickson, 2012). As a part of literature review the peer review journals would be used. There are lot of articles and research in the library database and these articles would be a great source of information.
This process for this research work can be discussed as:
There would be five key phases of this research work. The various phases of the research can be discussed as:
The problem identification phase would be the first phase of this research work. This research would focus to understand the differences between management and leaders for multinational organizations.
There are three key research questions in this research. These questions are:
The secondary research would be mainly focused on literature review. The insights from the existing literature would be used to complete the secondary research for this research work (Massis & Kotlar, 2014).
The data collection and data analysis would follow the stages of primary research and secondary research. The data collected through primary research would be quantitative and the data collected through secondary research would be mainly qualitative in nature (Pickard, 2013). The tools like SPSS and Microsoft Excel could also be used to analyze the data. The raw data would be compiled to get meaningful insights.
Results & Conclusion
The results and conclusion would be the last section of the research work. In this phase, the focus of the researcher would be to develop the research report and share the results with required stakeholders.
The data collection and data analysis would follow the stages of primary research and secondary research. The data collected through primary research would be quantitative and the data collected through secondary research would be mainly qualitative in nature (Pickard, 2013). The tools like SPSS and Microsoft Excel could also be used to analyze the data. The raw data would be compiled to get meaningful insights.
It is expected that with this research work, the researcher would be able to establish the relationship between leadership skill at senior position and organizational productivity.
References
Coviello, N. (2015). Re-thinking research on born globals. Journal of International Business Studies, 46(1), 17-26.
De Massis, A., & Kotlar, J. (2014). The case study method in family business research: Guidelines for qualitative scholarship. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 5(1), 15-29.
Erickson, F. (2012). Qualitative research methods for science education. In Second international handbook of science education (pp. 1451-1469). Springer Netherlands.
Harrison, R.L., 2013. Using mixed methods designs in the Journal of Business Research, 1990–2010. Journal of Business Research, 66(11), pp.2153-2162.
Hubbard, R., & Lindsay, R. M. (2013). From significant difference to significant sameness: Proposing a paradigm shift in business research. Journal of Business Research, 66(9), 1377-1388.
MacKinnon, D. P., Coxe, S., & Baraldi, A. N. (2012). Guidelines for the investigation of mediating variables in business research. Journal of Business and Psychology, 27(1), 1-14.
Miao, Q., Newman, A., & Huang, X. (2014). The impact of participative leadership on job performance and organizational citizenship behavior: Distinguishing between the mediating effects of affective and cognitive trust. The International Journal Of Human Resource Management, 25(20), 2796-2810.
Plucknette, D. (2014). 4 differences between managers and leaders. Plant Engineering, 68(10), 16-18.
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