Disease Management On Treatment Adherence And Patient – Role Of Health Care Team Members In Research Process

Healthcare Team Members in Research Process

Discuss about the Disease Management on Treatment Adherence and Patient.

The healthcare team involves professionals from different specialized domain including clinicians, health care researcher, registered nurse, physician, technician, clinical decision makers, social workers, and resource manager and information coordinator. Each of the team members are assigned with a specific work in the research process. The clinicians are the heart of medical decision making. While conducting a research work, they provide efficient data about diagnostic or treatment choice, if there is lack of information in the tem for the research topic (Boswell and Cannon 2012). On the other hand, health care researchers gather and analyze the evidence from multiple sources on recent available treatment options. The healthcare policy makers plan public health policies on the basis of evidence-based research findings. Technicians provide information and include innovative technological support for improving research findings. The resource manager handles all the resource related aspects including the economic aspects of the research. Information coordinator coordinates information gathered from all the resources and the team members and arranges this information in a systematic manner (Munhall 2012). Registered nurse, clinical and play a pivotal role to ensure clinical research are running smoothly and participants are safe and fully informed.

Research and evidence based practice is widely used in current clinical practice. Thus, based on new trends in research, the areas of nursing and clinical health care have been changed in several ways. For instance, the role of nurses has been changed a lot based on the research and evidence-based framework. In current practice, emergence of specialized role like CNS, CNR, CNL and DNP has contributed significantly in the improvement of nursing and clinical health care practice. CNS (Clinical nurse specialist) is a registered nurse, who has additional responsibilities in clinical education and responsibility.CNS is able to link research to practice, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of clinical practice (Grove et al. 2014). CNR (Clinical nurse researcher) is a nurse with clinical and research experience, who can utilize her potential in both research and clinical practice. The emerging role of CNL (clinical nurse leader) and DNP (doctorate in nursing practice) has contributed potentially to the advancement of collaborative nursing research and EBP.

The quality of a health care unit is determined with the parameters related to the prevention of diseases and acute care. The chronic disease and palliative care management are few of the other areas, which determine the performance of the modern day health care system (Taylor et al. 2014).

Role of Nurses in Evidence-Based Practice

In the context of the modern days, where the total numbers of patients with chronic disease are increasing, it is essential that the department of the chronic disease management requires further improvement with the help of further research. The chronic diseases, including diabetes, high blood pressure and many more are few of the major health issues in the modern days (Hamine et al. 2015). The chronic disease management in the modern days will help the general physicians to plan the treatment of the patients. The research needs to focus on multi-disciplinary approach of the chronic disease. The symptoms of the chronic disease in the longer terms have the potential to provide long term damage to the organ system of the body. With the help of the further research it is possible to judge whether a patients is eligible for chronic disease management. This will help the general physicians to deal provide care to the patients with critical conditions. The chronic disease management will also help to determine the role of individual nurse and health care workers in taking care of the patients. It is also the duty of the chronic disease management to determine the lifestyle routine of patients, which is also an important part besides providing fixed medications. As the chronic disease like cancer requires long term care, it is essential that along with the chronic disease management, the long-term care management can work in collaboration with each other.

It is essential for the chronic disease department have the capability to diagnose the disease as in many occasions the disease goes undetected and thereby cause harm to internal organs in silence. With the help of proper diagnosis it is possible to plan for the long-term care, which is needed for the individual patients.

Equity and fairness is very important in nursing practice, i.e. clinical practice or research work. Fair inclusion and equitable treatment instead of gender or age discrimination is important in nursing research, especially, as the research is related to the health and wellbeing of the participants. Individuals have similar rights to get treatment. However, based on the age group, treatment consideration can be different, which may involve palliative care. Nevertheless, the gender consideration or discrimination based on gender, should not take place in the research work or clinical practice (Munhall 2012). The participants should indiscriminately treat or considered eliminating sexual orientation, gender or age.

The ethical issues in the research are one of the prime areas of concerns for the investigators.

• Privacy and confidentially is helps to ensures that all the data and information, which are being published in the research work and published prior to taking permission from the concern individual or organization (Waycott et al. 2015).
• The researchers also need to take permission from the participants before conducting the survey. The participants also need to have full cooperation while providing answer to the survey questions.
• Health and safety is another important area of concerns for the research ethics.

Chronic Disease Management and the Role of Research

The research design in this current study is a descriptive observational study design in a quantitative framework, by using survey at one time-point. 

• Method/s of data collection

The researcher used the primary data, which is obtained from the survey of the at the Nursing college. The survey questionnaire was designed using the technique of Kryiacos of 2011. The physiological variables of the participants were used as the basis of like the heart rate, respiration, urine output and systolic BP. The range of normal temperature was used as the basis to describe the oxygen saturation level of an individual. The responds, which were obtained was evaluated with the help of the single parameters and is marked 1 to 3. The level of clinical risk was indicated with the help of the scale of the National Early Warning Score (Leonard and Kyriacos et al. 2015).

• Findings/results

Only 43.5% of the total respondents had completed the survey. Most of the final year female students belonged to the age category of 25 years and have Afrikaans as their first language. There was a statistical association between the gender and the choice of language. Most of the respondents have the ability to detect the early signs of deterioration. Overall 288 responses were obtained from the category of high score of MEWS 3, 226 from MEWS 2 and 96 from MEWS 1, which is low score(Leonard and Kyriacos et al. 2015).

• Dissemination of findings

            For disseminating the findings of the study, authors published their research findings in the journal named ‘Nurse Education Today’, which is being published by the Elsevier publisher, which has its headquarter in Amsterdam, Netherland.

• Any age and gender issues

From the survey results, it has been observed that most of the respondents were female, which is 85.7 %. Therefore, a significant preference for women has been found, which might affected the research findings. In addition, gender discrimination was also observed as, only 3.9 % has been seen to had a previous certification in nursing, which is 80.5 % in case of 62/77 age group.

• Any cultural or religious issues

One key cultural issue has been identified in the research, which is the linguistic barrier. Author provided the instruction only in English language. However, most of the participants had Afrikaans and IsiXhosa as the first language, thus they might not be able to understand the survey questions. From the result of survey it has been revealed only 13 % respondents had a language preference for English and most language preference was towards Afrikaans and then for isiXhosa, which are of 42.9 % and 40.3 % respectively.

Reference

Boswell, C. and Cannon, S., 2012. Introduction to nursing research. Jones & Bartlett Publishers.

Grove, S.K., Burns, N. and Gray, J.R., 2014. Understanding nursing research: Building an evidence-based practice. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Hamine, S., Gerth-Guyette, E., Faulx, D., Green, B.B. and Ginsburg, A.S., 2015. Impact of mHealth chronic disease management on treatment adherence and patient outcomes: a systematic review. Journal of medical Internet research, 17(2), p.e52.

Leonard, M.M. and Kyriacos, U., 2015. Student nurses’ recognition of early signs of abnormal vital sign recordings. Nurse education today, 35(9), pp.e11-e18.

Munhall, P.L., 2012. Nursing research. Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Nieswiadomy, R.M., 2011. Foundations in nursing research. Pearson Higher Ed.

Taylor, M.J., McNicholas, C., Nicolay, C., Darzi, A., Bell, D. and Reed, J.E., 2014. Systematic review of the application of the plan–do–study–act method to improve quality in healthcare. BMJ quality & safety, 23(4), pp.290-298.

Waycott, J., Guillemin, M., Warr, D.J., Cox, S., Drew, S. and Howell, C., 2015. Re/formulating Ethical Issues for Visual Research Methods. Visual Methodologies, 3(2), pp.4-15.