Write an essay on DISTEVAL expert system.
According to Floridi (2015) trade agreement is a wide range of tariff, tax and trade treaty that includes several investment guarantees. Thus, if there were any trade agreement between India and Australia, it can affect different export factors to a large extent. First of all, it will help Fletcher International Export to introduce lamb product much more freely, as they do not have to consider about different type of government restrictions. Therefore, it will allow the company to develop international market much more effectively. Trade agreement between the countries will also influence the productive foreign direct investment that will allow the organization to spend more to capture the new market place. Thus, it will allow the company to spread all across the country in a rapid pace to emerge as one of the popular name in the market. Trade agreement between countries will also induce to share advice and information related to the market place, which has the potential to minimize cost and time of introducing a new product in a foreign country.
Government intervention is among the most important factor that any organization will have to consider at the time of conducting any import-export service. In different economies, different rules and regulations are there that every organization will have to follow in order to conduct import-export service successfully (Bagwell and Staiger 2015). Thus, Fletcher International Export is also not an exception. Since, it also has to go through several government intervention instruments in order to conduct its business expansion process successfully. For instance, government can utilize tariff or import duty as an instrument to control the amount of lamb product to enter in the market. Since, higher import duty can certainly create negative impact on the import amount. Government can also use quota to limit foreign imports in order to protect domestic lamb product manufacturer. Nontariff trade barrier is another instrument that government can utilize in the area of lamb import (Poynter 2012). Since, nontariff trade barrier to implement policies and regulations other than explicit tariff in order to control import-export services in the country. Investment barriers are another instrument that government can utilize to control import, as it restricts foreign investment in the country.
As per the article by Freeman, Hammer and Thomas (2014) the Trans-Pacific Partnership is a secretive multinational trade agreement that threatened to dismiss laws and other international restriction across the globe. It allows countries to conduct international business effectively. The agreement was done between 12 Pacific Rim countries. However, India is not among those countries that have agreed to Trans-Pacific Partnership agreement.
Since, India is not a member of this agreement. It will affect Fletcher International Export in many ways. For instance, it will not allow the company to get a comprehensive market access. Therefore, the company will have to maintain several rules and restrictions in order to conduct international business in India (Friel et al. 2013). It will also force the company to face several new challenges from the market place in order to become a popular name in the market.
The article has highlighted that India is going through the economic growth. As a result, it also is affecting the consumer power of India. Since, India considered among the slow starter of all other Asian countries regarding the consumer revolution. However, as the increase in the sense of development of consumer oriented tendencies, it influences the availability of different type of manufacture of consumer goods (Cavusgil, Knight and Riesenberger 2013). For instance, the article highlighted that a particular product can be describe in different forms in different cultures. Therefore, marketers also will have segment the entire market based on the perception of the customers for that particular region. The article mentioned that global tendencies in consumerism also do play a crucial role in developing customer segmentation. In addition, as the technology is continuously changing in the Indian market. Therefore, it can also have major contribution in the customer segmentation process (Low 2012). Since, it allows organizations to target a wider range of customer from all over the country.
Since, the article highlighted the significance of the culture in the popularity of a particular product. Therefore, it is expected that changes in demographics will also create a major impact on the perspectives of product suitability (Chen and Bell 2012). The article mentioned the cultural context and experience of the motor scooter in three different cultures, India, England and Italy. It Italy, the motor scooter is marked as aesthetic object. In England, it marked as a mark of rebellion among the different punk groups. On the other hand, motor scooter in India is considered as a personal or family utility transport medium. This established the fact that changes in demographics can have huge amount of impact on the suitability of product.
Psychographic is another important aspect that can have serious impact on the product suitability. The article mentioned several psychological attributes that can have serious level of impact on the product suitability. For instance, middle class families in India have different level of values regarding a particular product as compared to higher-class people of the community (Windler et al. 2016). In addition, as the role of women is changing in the society, it also affects the past psychological values. This in turn creates major impact on the product suitability. Furthermore, increasing aspirants of the consumers and changing structure of the family also has greater impact on the suitability of the product.
The article highlighted that Fletcher International Export is among the most popular exporters of Australian lamb and sheep products exporter. The company is exporting their products to more than 100 countries. The article highlighted that Fletcher International Export is looking to expand their business in India in order to increase its growth opportunity. In addition, as the food distribution channels are expanding in India, it reflected a huge market for the company to penetrate (Turnbull and Valla 2013). The article described that to entering into the Indian market successfully; Fletcher International Export took its initial step very early to become the first Australian organization to enter into the Indian market. The company took assistance from DAFF and Austrade to enter into the Indian market.
Austrade helps Fletcher International Export by providing advice, sharing details of the reputed distributor in India and also helps the company to get introduced to the Indian customer so that the company can able to promote the Australian lamb product in the Indian market successfully (Morgan, Katsikeas and Vorhies 2012). The company focuses on to promote its lamb product by pairing with different Australian wine labels. For implementing this successfully, Fletcher’s focuses on the major cities in India like Chennai, Bangalore, Mumbai and Delhi. However, the article mentioned that the company looking to enhance their brand all across India. As a result, Fletcher’s lamb is also available at many growing hotels and restaurants in India. The company also targeted four star and five star hotels of India. Since, premium lamb rack is among the most popular product in these places. The company also targeted various retailers in each city so that it can able to create a strong presence all across the country. In addition, the article mentioned that middle-class interest in lamb product is increasing continuously. Therefore, it also is increasing the business opportunity for the company. Fletcher export maintains the strict food safety regulation of the agricultural department of Australia in order to increase the satisfaction level of the customers in India.
The article describes the Fletcher export is focusing on the long-term strategy to increase its popularity in the Indian market. Since, it is mentioned that the company will have to do lot of research and homework to understand the exact requirements that is needed to enter into the India market (Piercy 2014). The article mentioned that Fletcher export continuously would have to take help from Austrade to understand the Indian customer more closely. However, it is mentioned that the Flecther is Halal certified, which will help the company to expand in various are in Indian, Pakistan and Nepal as well.
Selection of distributor is among the most important factor that the manufacturers will have to keep in mind so that it can able to export its product effectively. Therefore, the article focuses on an expert system for the evaluation of the distributor namely DISTEVAL or DISTributor EVALuator. The author of the article highlighted the process for developing the expert system. At the initial step for the development of DISTEVAL, large number of seasoned international business executives interviewed so that the system can able to evaluate the best possible international distribution channel (Summanen 2014). The article highlighted that DISTEVAL system based upon 35 different attributes for systematic evaluation of the foreign distributors. The article highlighted that DISTEVAL system grouped these 35 attributes in five separate groups.
The author of the article explained that each criterion of DISTEVAL expert system belongs to the one of the five dimensions that is assigned regarding the weight of importance. The article highlighted that evaluative algorithm of DISTEVAL needs weights for dimensions and for the lower level at tributes that comprise them. It also mentioned that knowledge acquisition process would play a key role in determining weights of the five dimensions. Furthermore, each dimension of the DISTEVAL is associated with the potential ratings. The article also mentioned that quantitative evaluation from the system based on a weighted sum of the total attributes score is ranged from o to 100 for each of the dimension. Therefore, it is expected that the DISTEVAL system will able to arrange the distributors according to their potential, which will help the manufactures to improve its export activities effectively. The article mentioned that the overall objective of implementing the DISTEVAL expert system is to provide assistance for selecting foreign distributor. Therefore, the article mentioned that the DISTEVAL system would provide great help to the new-to-export organizations as it will provides interactive opportunities for the managers to evaluate the system outcomes so that it can able to come to a conclusion (Haoran, Wen and Ling 2014). Therefore, it is expected that the system will able to help the managers to take transparent decisions. The DISTEVAL is expected to be useful in the situations where the manufacturers will have to change the existing distributors with the new ones. Thus, it can be concluded that the kind of qualities that the DISTEVAL expert system possess will create huge amount of positive impact on the foreign export perspective of the manufacturers.
References:
Bagwell, K. and Staiger, R.W., 2015. Delocation and trade agreements in imperfectly competitive markets. Research in Economics, 69(2), pp.132-156.
Cavusgil, S.T., Knight, G.A. and Riesenberger, J.R., 2013. A framework for international business. Pearson.
Chen, J. and Bell, P.C., 2012. Implementing market segmentation using full-refund and no-refund customer returns policies in a dual-channel supply chain structure. International Journal of Production Economics, 136(1), pp.56-66.
Floridi, L., 2015. The anti-counterfeiting trade agreement: the ethical analysis of a failure, and its lessons. Ethics and Information Technology, 17(2), pp.165-173.
Freeman, J.T., Hammer, D. and Thomas, M., 2014. The future prospects of regulating in the interest of public health under the Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement: the example of agricultural antibiotic use. NZ Med J, 127(1393), pp.126-8.
Friel, S., Gleeson, D., Thow, A.M., Labonte, R., Stuckler, D., Kay, A. and Snowdon, W., 2013. A new generation of trade policy: potential risks to diet-related health from the trans pacific partnership agreement. Globalization and health, 9(1), p.1.
Haoran, S., Wen, D. and Ling, Z., 2014. A Fuzzy TOPSIS based Approach for Distributor Selection in Supply Chain Management: An Empirical Study of an Agricultural Enterprise in China. Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology, 6(1), pp.112-118.
Low, K.Y., 2012. Product suitability, due diligence and management responsibility: The new regime of regulation 18B of the financial advisers regulations. Singapore Academy of Law Journal, 24(1), p.298.
Morgan, N.A., Katsikeas, C.S. and Vorhies, D.W., 2012. Export marketing strategy implementation, export marketing capabilities, and export venture performance. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40(2), pp.271-289.
Piercy, N., 2014. Export Strategy: Markets and Competition (RLE Marketing). Routledge.
Poynter, T.A., 2012. Multinational enterprises and government intervention(Vol. 32). Routledge.
Summanen, E., 2014. DESIGNING A NETWORK OF CUSTOMER-ORIENTED DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS: Case: Company X in Automotive Industry.
Turnbull, P.W. and Valla, J.P. eds., 2013. Strategies for international industrial marketing. Routledge.
Windler, K., Jüttner, U., Michel, S., Maklan, S. and Macdonald, E.K., 2016. Identifying the right solution customers: A managerial methodology.Industrial Marketing Management.
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