Dementia Australia indicates that currently approximately 425,000 people are living with it and 250 Australians are developing dementia regularly. Symptoms of the condition include memory loss, difficulty in daily tasks, language problems, time and space distortion, and other bad things which might occur in case the conditions go undiagnosed (Whitebird et al., 2012). It can also trigger be personality changes, which also includes depression, anxiety, anger, and lack of initiative. Healthcare workers dealing with these types of patients experience high levels of stress.
Globally the problem is growing rapidly as in 2015; 46.8 million people around the world were estimated suffered from Dementia. The figure is expected to be twice every 20 years, which can reach 74.7 million in 2030 and can be 131.5 million in 2050. Ministry of Health in Australia recommends that adult spend at least two hours each week to average orbital activity per week and muscle-building activity two or more days a week. However, multiple healthcare workers of care facilities have been noted to have very little physical activity. Regular yoga training is a safe and effective way that person can work on these recommendations. Yoga and exercise-based exercises have proved effective responses to common conditions such as concern, depression, co-relation and balance problems (Klainin-Yobas et al., 2015). However, till today, some homes provide yoga care as a regular activity. The scope of this current analysis evaluates the effectiveness of yoga on healthcare workers of aged care with Dementia for the purpose of relieving their stress.
In order to arrive at goals of the project, the following project aims need to be catered to. PICOT questions have been adopted for the study.
With gradual rise in incidence of patients experiencing dementia at an old age, there has been a rise in symptoms as well that includes loss of memory, and it is difficult to perform everyday tasks, language problems, time and space, depression, anxiety, anger and loss of initiative, including prevention, personality changes (Oken et al., 2010). With the rate of rising in dementia patients in the last few years, means to develop and explore measures to improve the lives of people living with dementia, their families and carers have been the central focus of Australian health department. Department of health had been proposing the inclusion of health and muscular development activity amongst healthcare workers, who are responsible for dealing with such patients. Yoga implementation in healthcare workers of patients with dementia, has proved to be an effective intervention (Fan & Chen, 2011). Yoga can be one of the procedures regular application of which might deliver some potential benefit on healthcare worker’s mental as well as physical health patient livelihood. It might help improve health conditions along with bringing about recovery from dementia conditions.
Medication along with other healthcare intervention methods is regular with healthcare workers, who handles aged people facing dementia. In the current literature review of various sources, procedures that other qualitative and quantitative studies have made used off are taken into consideration (Fan & Chen, 2011). The scholar has designed similar study procedure using appropriate research methods techniques to arrive at findings related to the study. The scholar prior to implementing operation related to yoga on healthcare worker in-charge of old aged patient with a serious mental illness had adopted a number of regular session as has been guided in several kinds of literature.
Literatures developed around the world to find people to work for the aged care facilities of several yoga chains examination revealed several understanding. Analysis of such related yoga reveals dementia being related to family, and to help them, people and staff can immensely benefit. It is also proven that those who work for home and care that can be involved in the movie based on a short, simple yoga sequence. Lavretsky et al. (2013) identified coordination of activities and health care, as well as local people to work with this group of proposed amendments, especially the sequence of input music instruments. Yoga is an adaptive exercise and healthcare workers in each group may need to be slightly different, so it is off the chain, and changing them, some feel that having their problems is important. It will keep people engaged and help to people-centered interaction. The key, as well as their human-centered sessions, is that people have a private agency, which will make their own decisions. Oken, Fonareva & Wahbeh (2011) proposes this list will be constructed and modified once encountered as a teacher yoga coordinator and assistant, health care and continuity resident. This was later made and later found to increase the number of others.
Yoga coordinators often have to strive to select the right people for the practice. While selecting participants it is necessary to choose healthcare workers who can monitor the verbal and physical context. Healthcare workers that participated in yoga, during the session they were not forced to do anything and were free to leave at any time (Stuckey & Nobel, 2010). In such pilot Yoga Projects, coordinators often discussed the relationship of relatives and loved ones who were informed about it and participated in it. In the project, some healthcare workers have deteriorated their status, but some new participants had not been introduced. In such projects, the project team decided with the ethical view that the selection of activities was more important than the continuous outcome of the project.
The project team discussed the best way to look at the project and actually considered different scales such as aerial pain or fragile scales (Köhn et al. 2013). Healthcare workers have been assessed on the happiness, history of any day, and related articles where yoga assistants have been proven in the past. Cross-Yoga Exercises all activities can be provided by the Coordinator and have been observed by the Health Care Assistant.
In some cases, the activity is more focused on one person in the moderator session. However, in some cases, it is believed that to provide more than one session where yoga can be more adaptable, it may be more beneficial. This might be considered in a broader study; however, it will be done by a qualified yoga trainer or need more extensive training on home care workers, and therefore will require more resources (White, 2012).
The initial results are analyzed for one project in one month and from the basic analysis, it is clear that all people cannot attend meetings. For the project focused on people, it is important to respect their demands. These responses project angles also realize that all people will not participate in all sessions. It calculates the estimate of non-contribution to individual participation in individual elections and mentality and malnutrition (Epstein-Lubow et al., 2011). The project team decided to create a series of meetings for new people who are interested in joining, or those who actively think about the activists they can use from the Yoga Summit. It allows this way to remain flexible and respondent for the needs of people and family changes. The fact is that people live with democracy, need change and demand over time. In future (other projects), it will be useful for a qualified Yoga teacher to help with a number of people to work together to resolve the problems.
Evaluation is a powerful tool to assess performance. Medical assistants, who are identified with the people and their goals, have the responsibility to monitor and register public participation, and in the course of the session, every kind of opinion or federation creates people. Cramer et al. (2013) propose that yoga has a lot of participants for the selected pilot that has different levels of communication problems. In terms of improvement, many healthcare workers who attended the pilot showed a good level of public security.
Innes et al. (2012) emphasize the importance of establishing a realistic environment to support trainees, as well as providing adjoining yoga training. The reason for this is that understanding of operational issues and potential barriers are critical to the success of the project, especially if it is difficult to add new applications to international resources. Values ??and beliefs include discussions about the values ??and beliefs of all who draw people’s attention. These people have focused on common values ??and beliefs and have had a clear and honest conversation about caring for people. The group is divided into two groups to join and listen. Both groups first studied the common values ??of caring for humans. Then, as a result of the creative exercises created by the participants, focused medical care was provided to the participants. Finally, exercise participants have tried several simple yoga exercises and breathing exercises, including some spinal exercises and three respiratory exercises (Gururaja et al., 2011). Participants were asked how to view and report to the group before and after their feelings. The popularity of yoga in the West has led to many disagreements about what it is and who it belonged to.
While doing any study, research methodology forms a significant part of the study and it should be regarded with utmost attention (Lewis, 2015). This section contains the research methodology of the study that has been undertaken by the scholars thereby successfully completing it by meeting the objectives and getting to solutions of the problem. The first chapter of the study describes various aspects of research methodology and later part consists of the reasons behind choosing particular methods for coming to a final result.
A research philosophy lays the foundation of the entire study by building its outline structure. There are four different kinds of research philosophies namely Epistemology, Ontology, Rhetoric, and Axiology. It is up to the scholar to select any one from these (Maxwell, 2012). A scholar can use Epistemology research philosophy when the main goal of the study is to break down the segments of study and make a sequence of the specifics related to it in a correct area. A researcher can use Ontology when the main objective is to duplicate how each individual understands the concepts of realism and truth behind everything. Rhetoric philosophy can be used when the final goal is to get a detailed view of the problem at hand and then understanding the parts that are interconnected to get to the final result to come upon a decision. Axiology can be used when the researcher considers aesthetics and ethics as the most important parameters in the study. For the purpose of this study epistemology research philosophy has been used which breaks down and analyses each and every benefit arising from yoga to arrive at final findings related to relieving stress.
There are various ways to approach the study, Qualitative and Quantitative approach and /or Inductive or Deductive approach and they fall under the umbrella of research approach (Meyers, Gamst & Guarino, 2016). It depends on the researcher to select any one of these to proceed with the study.
Qualitative and Quantitative Approach
In Qualitative approach, an examination is formulated which works on the principle of reminiscence and subjective approach is used to come to the results. The quantitative approach takes the number obtained through analysis of various statistical and/or mathematical tools into consideration. The study has made use of qualitative approach only in order to arrive at findings related to the study.
The deductive or Inductive research approach
In Deductive approach, various theories are applied to come to the end result of research.
In Inductive approach, observations are made as the first step, then they are studied and the results are obtained based on the studies to form theories.
A research design comprises one of the most critical aspects of research methodology which allows the efficiency as well as functionality for the entire methods thereby forming an operational research process (Christensen et al., 2011).
There are four types of research designs, namely, Exploratory, Descriptive, Explanatory and Predictive designs. Exploratory design can be used when there is less information about the study and more information needs to be obtained from various sources to get a solution. The descriptive design is used when extensive details are required for various circumstances of the study. The explanatory design is used when the researcher wants to settle on the fundamental associations of the parameters that are studied. The predictive design is used when the results obtained through explanatory research are used to predict the upcoming occurrences. In order to evaluate this study, exploratory research design has been used. In explorative research design procedure all processes and procedures related to a particular study are evaluated and then a selected procedure is applied.
Research methods encompasses the techniques used by a researcher for the purpose of collection from information from sources that are primary in nature for the purpose of supporting research design and thus adhere to research objectives (Mitchell & Jolley, 2012). The various research methods that can be used are given below.
Research Tools
Observation: There are primary two main types of observations, such as Participative and Structured in nature. Structured observations are used when the researcher has used the Qualitative method to obtain records of study after a thorough analysis of the predefined segments.
Participative observation is used when the researcher has undertaken the Quantitative method in which the researcher takes part in real set up with other sample participants and the results are derived based on personal experiences.
Interviews: Structured interviews and Semi-structured are the two types of personal interviews that can be selected.
In Structured interviews, the interviewee behaves in accordance with a predefined code which is determined by the interviewer and this limits the flexibility of the interviewee.
Semi-structured interviews are more flexible in which the conversation between interviewer and interviewee takes place on a few predefined sets of parameters and these are not fully controlled.
Questionnaires: Depending upon the type of study and research aims, the researcher can opt for either Close-ended or Open-ended questionnaires.
A close-ended questionnaire contains a list of questions with pre-defined opinion choices given to sample respondents.
In case of Open-ended questionnaires, the respondents are provided the liberty to give their opinions without any restrictions.
Focus groups: In this method, the researcher forms a group of a specified number of people for the purpose of discussions on a given problem topic. During such discussions, the researcher takes a note of perspectives of each individual group member and interprets results. For the purpose of this study, the scholar has made use of questionnaire comprising of 10 questions as attached in Appendix 1 below. These questionnaires have been provided across to participants at the beginning of the study and towards the studies end. Assimilating all feedback collected from the participants at the beginning and at the end of the study detailed findings were arrived at.
Sampling is the process of selecting a suitable template, which can represent the whole population. In general, the sample size is selected for research, because almost all the views of all members of the population cannot be used. The results of the sample are poured, which is a mass view. The researcher has the ability to choose from probability or probability sampling procedures. The scholar for the purpose of this study has collected data randomly from 20 participants in order to arrive at findings related to the same. They were furnished with 10 questions as attached in Appendix 1. Data was collected in regards to pre-finding and post-finding.
There are two methods for collecting data, these are, Primary and Secondary sources. Primary information is collected to meet specific research needs, but secondary sources contain information that has already been published. Main information was collected from two groups of respondents, employees and case managers. Some employees were physically registered in companies’ offices randomly and asked to participate in the survey. When they agreed, they were given questionnaires and data gathered. Since it was not possible to physically deliver all the employees, they received their e-mail ID and asked them to take part in the process by answering the questions sent by e-mail and the same medium. In the case of interviews, patients with age-related dementia were addressed by sitting and sitting at a scheduled time. Secondary data was collected from various sources, such as magazines, articles, books, magazines, newsletters, government magazines, newspapers and internet publications and so on.
All types of qualitative data that had been collected for the purpose of the interview had been assimilated at then analyzed. Qualitative data that has been obtained using interviews have been descriptively analyzed.
The study had adhered to the following ethical considerations.
A multidisciplinary project team was built with a specialist in collaboration with a Yoga teacher, a Coordinator of Activity, a Health Care Assistant, who worked have previous work experiences. This team worked together for the needs of the aged dementia population. Based on the demand of the population, various Yoga-based sequences were designed, tested, refined, and then implemented. The plan was to introduce any new intervention project members with support, for example, by encouraging people to attend meetings. This is a comprehensive understanding of the yoga program and the purpose of its expected benefits. Yoga classes were running twice a week for one continuous month. Many benefits have been identified, whereas patients informed about physical improvement, good goodness and a more sense of rest. At the end of the project, interview was conducted with major project participants. Based on these interviews and previous evaluation, the project team has concluded that special yoga exercises have a successful intervention to provide aged dementia patient with reduced stress levels.
During the course of the yoga project and formal evaluation, a total of 20 healthcare workers participated. There are ten men and ten women from seventy-eight onwards who had participated.
The yoga teacher has developed modification specifically designed to meet the needs of this group.
Observations were made in each yoga class and were written regarding their stress factors.
Feedback from resident residents and many residents make statements like “I really like it”, “I love going to yoga”. Residents comment on a variety of aspects of yoga such as general welfare, physical benefits, and relaxation and meditation tips. They also commented on the classroom aspects they wanted to change.
About the general welfare residents reported:
“I would like to do that again and I really like it”
“I really enjoy being with everyone” Beth
“I like to do it (yoga) a lot” Maureen
“I really love it”. Other replied
“I love to move. I feel very motivated”
Some residents have more communication with speech issues like Ray showed their interest in the classroom by smiling throughout the classroom and offering a ‘thumb up’.
Kathleen, who reported that he had a bad return and did not participate much in that day said:
“I feel better for the forthcoming effort” on another occasion when she returns better, she says “I feel great until today and it breaks the day”
“I love yoga for my feet,” Wendy said.
Joan, who reports that there is pain before the sale of yoga, said after the session:
“I feel better and look forward to coming every week.” He also said, “It’s great and I’m going back again.”
Therefore drawing from these several outcomes, participants revealed that they had experienced fewer amounts of stress after the intervention procedure than compared to before the processes.
The following are some of results obtained from pre-tests (referred to as 2) and posttest (referred to as 1) from healthcare workers. In order to understand their levels of stress, certain tests that have been performed are Blood (Cortisol)(ug/dL), Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg), Heart Rate (beats/ minute) and Daily Sleep hours.
|
Blood (Cortisol)(ug/dL) |
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) |
Heart Rate (beats/mint) |
Daily Sleep hours (hours) |
Test Condition |
|
28 |
134 |
83 |
7 |
2 |
|
25 |
141 |
95 |
7 |
2 |
|
27 |
138 |
90 |
5 |
2 |
|
30 |
141 |
94 |
6 |
2 |
|
29 |
135 |
89 |
6 |
2 |
|
33 |
127 |
91 |
4 |
2 |
|
26 |
130 |
88 |
4 |
2 |
|
28 |
133 |
84 |
3 |
2 |
|
29 |
137 |
95 |
3 |
2 |
|
25 |
126 |
85 |
5 |
2 |
|
26 |
134 |
86 |
4 |
2 |
|
27 |
148 |
83 |
6 |
2 |
|
28 |
129 |
86 |
4 |
2 |
|
30 |
126 |
83 |
6 |
2 |
|
27 |
129 |
92 |
5 |
2 |
|
24 |
146 |
88 |
4 |
2 |
|
26 |
133 |
86 |
6 |
2 |
|
28 |
140 |
80 |
4 |
2 |
|
25 |
129 |
91 |
6 |
2 |
|
26 |
138 |
95 |
3 |
2 |
|
20 |
125 |
84 |
6 |
1 |
|
14 |
125 |
77 |
7 |
1 |
|
16 |
124 |
83 |
7 |
1 |
|
18 |
116 |
70 |
7 |
1 |
|
14 |
120 |
82 |
8 |
1 |
|
18 |
118 |
78 |
9 |
1 |
|
10 |
120 |
73 |
7 |
1 |
|
20 |
118 |
73 |
6 |
1 |
|
22 |
124 |
84 |
7 |
1 |
|
25 |
118 |
70 |
6 |
1 |
|
22 |
122 |
75 |
6 |
1 |
|
18 |
115 |
77 |
7 |
1 |
|
19 |
119 |
80 |
6 |
1 |
|
18 |
115 |
70 |
7 |
1 |
|
19 |
121 |
81 |
7 |
1 |
|
17 |
122 |
81 |
7 |
1 |
|
15 |
122 |
80 |
8 |
1 |
|
16 |
125 |
70 |
9 |
1 |
|
15 |
115 |
72 |
9 |
1 |
|
18 |
118 |
77 |
6 |
1 |
Ascertaining outcomes from the above data, the following inferences can be obtained as;
|
Descriptives |
|||||||||
|
N |
Mean |
Std. Deviation |
Std. Error |
95% Confidence Interval for Mean |
Minimum |
Maximum |
|||
|
Lower Bound |
Upper Bound |
||||||||
|
Blood (Cortisol)(ug/dL) |
Yoga |
20 |
17.70 |
3.342 |
.747 |
16.14 |
19.26 |
10 |
25 |
|
No Yoga |
20 |
27.35 |
2.159 |
.483 |
26.34 |
28.36 |
24 |
33 |
|
|
Total |
40 |
22.53 |
5.620 |
.889 |
20.73 |
24.32 |
10 |
33 |
|
|
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) |
Yoga |
20 |
120.10 |
3.463 |
.774 |
118.48 |
121.72 |
115 |
125 |
|
No Yoga |
20 |
134.70 |
6.392 |
1.429 |
131.71 |
137.69 |
126 |
148 |
|
|
Total |
40 |
127.40 |
8.967 |
1.418 |
124.53 |
130.27 |
115 |
148 |
|
|
Heart Rate (beats/mint) |
Yoga |
20 |
76.85 |
4.955 |
1.108 |
74.53 |
79.17 |
70 |
84 |
|
No Yoga |
20 |
88.20 |
4.572 |
1.022 |
86.06 |
90.34 |
80 |
95 |
|
|
Total |
40 |
82.53 |
7.428 |
1.175 |
80.15 |
84.90 |
70 |
95 |
|
|
Daily Sleep hours (hours) |
Yoga |
20 |
7.10 |
1.021 |
.228 |
6.62 |
7.58 |
6 |
9 |
|
No Yoga |
20 |
4.90 |
1.294 |
.289 |
4.29 |
5.51 |
3 |
7 |
|
|
Total |
40 |
6.00 |
1.601 |
.253 |
5.49 |
6.51 |
3 |
9 |
Test of Homogeneity of Variances
|
Levene Statistic |
df1 |
df2 |
Sig. |
|
|
Blood (Cortisol)(ug/dL) |
1.857 |
1 |
38 |
.181 |
|
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) |
6.468 |
1 |
38 |
.015 |
|
Heart Rate (beats/mint) |
.221 |
1 |
38 |
.641 |
|
Daily Sleep hours (hours) |
3.135 |
1 |
38 |
.085 |
|
ANOVA |
||||||
|
Sum of Squares |
df |
Mean Square |
F |
Sig. |
||
|
Blood (Cortisol)(ug/dL) |
Between Groups |
931.225 |
1 |
931.225 |
117.661 |
.000 |
|
Within Groups |
300.750 |
38 |
7.914 |
|||
|
Total |
1231.975 |
39 |
||||
|
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) |
Between Groups |
2131.600 |
1 |
2131.600 |
80.678 |
.000 |
|
Within Groups |
1004.000 |
38 |
26.421 |
|||
|
Total |
3135.600 |
39 |
||||
|
Heart Rate (beats/mint) |
Between Groups |
1288.225 |
1 |
1288.225 |
56.674 |
.000 |
|
Within Groups |
863.750 |
38 |
22.730 |
|||
|
Total |
2151.975 |
39 |
||||
|
Daily Sleep hours (hours) |
Between Groups |
48.400 |
1 |
48.400 |
35.643 |
.000 |
|
Within Groups |
51.600 |
38 |
1.358 |
|||
|
Total |
100.000 |
39 |
Analysis of outcomes post application of yoga procedures has revealed various findings. Most of the findings being of positive in nature, there are greater benefits that can accrue to healthcare workers of dementia patients, who are facing acute syndromes of stress levels. Yoga, as well as meditation, can bring about substantial benefits to a large number of healthcare workers of aged people who are prone to develop other types of illness due to the prevalence of a mental condition. The following have been some of the project limitations, challenges, barriers as well as opportunities and recommendations for the project implemented.
The study is limited by the fact that sample size used for this research is very small when compared to population size. It is due to this fact that the sample cannot be considered as a due representative of the entire population. The project scope had been limited to health care center across Australia only, whereas healthcare workers for dementia is a major condition that affects global population.
Conducting the study had been an extremely difficult endeavor to obtain funds and permission from other health care workers in bupa Baulkham hills aged care facilities as well as healthcare centers. It was rather impossible at one point in time to convince regarding the positive health benefits of practicing yoga and then implementing the same for healthcare workers, especially amongst aged groups. While obtaining permission at a healthcare center in Australia, it was rather difficult to convince the healthcare workers to do yoga with the practitioner. The biggest challenge faced was in identifying ways to motivate them to take out time to take part in the practice. These have been the several barriers and challenges faced by the project undertaken.
Though it was rather difficult in implementing yoga procedures or getting required permissions for the same, it later emerged to be of great benefits. There has been a large number of calls and emails requesting to implement similar yoga procedures for other health canter facilities as well. It implied that the benefits of relieving stress in healthcare workers had become quite popular. There are certain recommendations that need to be kept in mind while suggesting yoga for patients, they are;
Conclusion
Healthcare workers dealing with aged patients facing Dementia are prone to various kinds of stress as they are often exposed to varied types of stress inducing factors. One of the possible manners that healthcare centers, residential facilities, and hospitals relieve such stress is by continuous engagement. It has been proven across varied studies that yoga can bring about relief and bring about calmness in people. The procedure of this study along with research processes applied reveals that yoga does have some positive signs in lives of healthcare workers. With regular yoga, greater benefits can be brought about by reducing overall health expenditures, including better coordination of muscles and brain functioning. This study is bound to have positive influence and effect on the general population who are increasingly facing dementia.
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Once we have all the information and instructions that we need, we select the most suitable writer for your assignment. While everything seems to be clear, the writer, who has complete knowledge of the subject, may need clarification from you. It is at that point that you would receive a call or email from us.
Writer’s assignment
As soon as the writer has finished, it will be delivered both to the website and to your email address so that you will not miss it. If your deadline is close at hand, we will place a call to you to make sure that you receive the paper on time.
Completing the order and download