Ethical leadership is that kind of leadership where each and person carry out some work or do so conduct for the good of the common betterment or common good. A particular individual does something good for the betterment of the society, or for common group of people. The task performed may not be for a particular individual, it for the betterment or good for the whole group or the whole society. It is not applicable on a single individual it is applicable as whole group or bunch of individual for a common purpose (Wu et al. 2015).
Self Reflection
I learned that the great quality of a leader is who leads the group; he is the person who motivates the group and gets it going. The role of the leader is very important, as he has the responsibility of the group on his shoulder. In leading the group I feel that they have much kind of roles, sometimes the leader leads from the front sometimes the leader stays at the back and motivates the group member to move forward (Zhu, Sun and Leung, 2014). In the history the great leaders have played many different roles their strategy may have been different, but their goal was the same. They did everything for the betterment for the group, for the betterment of the society as a common cause.
I think that to be a great leader one should have the quality of being honest and being ethical and the chances are that more people having leadership quality are preferred. The followers want a leader who leads and while him should be honest and who respects others. If the leader is dishonest and unethical, in that case they may set a kind of personality for themselves that all may not like or prefer (Christensen, Mackey and Whetten, 2014). The followers want their leaders to set an example in front of them. The example is that they set in upfront for their followers to follow.
I feel from the study that the responsibility of leaders is to inculcate certain skills or qualities within its disciples or within ourselves so that the ethical behavior of the leaders can contribute in the development of the society. A leader who is ethical in nature can build up an environment which is positive. This kind of environment helps in maintaining a strong relation and formation of a strong bond between the leaders and its members. The relationship can help to develop the quality of the individual, how they live and think. A great leader can influence people up to such an extent that he may change the person for the betterment of that person (Hartman, DesJardins. and MacDonald, 2014).
A great leader has always done something which is good for people. Maintaining an atmosphere which is positive in nature is one of the very important traits or characteristic that a great leader has. Many people are benefited by the motivation or the nurturing that is offered by the leader. The leaders have the quality of nurturing the followers so that they get benefited and thereby gets improvement in the work. The strong relation and inculcation of good habits which makes the leader to help the people to attain success (Paharia and Singh, 2016)
A leader having a characteristics who is ethical in nature tend to collaborate with them, they understand the problem of the people and the issues that they are facing. They also understands where the people are lacking and where they making mistakes. Then they try to rectify the problem sometimes through communication, sometimes through action. The leaders have the trait of trying to make the individuals according to the leaders as they influence them in such a way that they gets motivated does conducts a particular work with great enthusiasm (Du et al, 2015).
Leaders are someone who leads from the front and people follow them. Organizational leadership is a move towards betterment of an organization or a group. To become a great leader a person has to understand the point of view of other’s and have a clear idea of his own and should be able to align the together (Tian, Liu and Fan, 2015).To be an effective leader it is very important to identify the leadership theory that will be applicable for a given situation in an organization (Tai and Chuang, 2014).
By applying it in the personal and business environment, I have learned that, every successful leader is generally good communicators; they tend to communicate and influence its followers and its surroundings. This is a good quality or traits that most of the good leaders posses. It is the duty of the leader to communicate each and every member in the group so as to motivate them and maintain a relation with them (Tai, and Chuang, 2014).
The communication tends to develop a trust and understanding with them. This trust and understanding is very important for as this relation helps to motivate the people. The traits of the great leaders had always been to influence others through communication. The leaders who are ethical in nature tend to develop good and long lasting relationship.
Peer assessment
As we discuss governance and leadership with my friends and colleague, which provides leadership strategies for non profitable organization. They are of the view that it is a process of providing leadership, direction and accountability for a nonprofit seeking organization. A non profitable organization comprises of a board, hired employees and volunteers. The board comprises of director who takes the important decision and formulates strategies and considered to be the leader of that organization (Hartman, DesJardins and MacDonald, 2014).
Care should be taken while taking any decision whatsoever in relation to the organization. A leader stays accountable for the decision that is being taken by him or her.
It says that the leaders should act in a good way to take the organization forward. It is expected out of the leader to take decision which acts in equivalence with the interest of the organization (Paharia and Singh, 2016).
The leader should honor mission, vision and policies of the organization. They should abide by the laws or rules that are set by the organization, which will set an example for others.
There are several theories that have been laid down which acts as pillars of leadership (Tian, Liu and Fan, 2015).
To explain how the leadership theory and for proper assessment an example is taken to show problems and theories implied to solve the problem. Northwest printing press is a seventy year old government organization which was established as a non-profit seeking organization which is used for printing and publishing government news papers (Dubrin, 2016),Articles, magazines etc. for government bodies such as rehabilitation centers, nongovernmental organizations, government undertaking organizations (such as railways, airlines etc.).
This printing press used to be the highest manufacturer a decade back but started to lose its ground from then. Most of the workers in the organization are working for more than a decade and know each other very well. They have good co-ordination between them, but the problem was there was no fixed goal. There was no inspiration of any kind from the leader and the workers have no idea where the organization is heading towards. The sudden change was brought due to the lack of clear goal setting. The workers were not communicated well enough and have very little idea about the goals of the organization (Bowden, 2013). For this reason the production process became slow and they were unable to complete task on time. For this reason many work had to be outsourced which was costing them a lot and the organization was going into losses. Mr. Harry who is the director of the organization in order to resolve the problem undertook Environmental theory as the solution of the problem (Arnold, Beauchamp and Bowie, 2013).
After analyzing the scenario the peer group including my friends and the classmates suggested that after my peer review on the leadership theories and changing the leadership theory. As it can be seen from the above mentioned case that problem was that the workers were de-motivated and there was a gap of communication between the leader and the workers. There was no precise goal that has been communicated ((Boatright, 2012).When there is a goal and the workers are motivated and inspired to achieve that goal the workers give their full effort to achieve it (Brooks and Dunn, 2012).
In my opinion leadership theories works on all level of an organization. Under this type of leadership the leaders creates a vision for the workers inspiring them through communication and makes them vulnerable to risk taking (Treviño and Nelson, 2014).This is an aggressive strategy and I believe this will help the workers of Northwest printing press to raise their temperament, motivating and inspiring them. If the workers have a clear picture and precise goal it will be an easy for them to achieve. A leader who is ethical in nature can build up an environment which is positive. This kind of environment helps in maintaining a strong relation and formation of a strong bond between the leaders and its members. The relationship can help to develop the quality of the individual, how they live and think (Collins, 2012).
In this type of theory the leadership is based on characteristics or behavior of an individual. Some of these behaviors that is in relation to leadership are intellect, open to changes, extraversion, attention to detail and sincerity (Du et al , 2013)
This theory says that the leaders should understand the need of the followers and see that their needs are fulfilled.
According to this theory the leader should set goals for the individual in the organization and asses those performances and therefore reward or punish them according to their performance.
Under this type of theory the leaders look upon the ultimate goal and try to motivate their followers through motivation so that their vision could be achieved.
In this type of theory the leaders try to create a situation the members of the group help each other keeping good co-ordination amongst them to achieve the goal. This type of situation that is created motivates the individual to achieve the required goal for the benefit of the group (Clapp, and Rowlands, 2014).
It says that a leader should change its theory according to the situation. There is no fixed theory that can be applied for each and every situation that may arise.
In this type of theory the decisions are taken with equal participation from all the members who are affected by that particular (Hombert et al, 2014).
This theory tells us that some people are born with the qualities of a leader and are born leaders. They have those qualities inherent within them (McWilliams,2014).
References
Arnold, DG., Beauchamp, TL and Bowie, NE 2013, Ethical theory and business, 9th edn, Pearson, Boston, MA.
Boatright, JR 2012, Ethics and the conduct of business, 7th edn, Pearson, Boston, MA.
Bowden, P 2013 Applied Ethics: Strengthening Ethical Practices Tilde University Press, Prahran
Brooks, LJ and Dunn, P 2012 Business and professional ethics for directors, executives and accountant, 6th edn, Cengage Learning, Mason, OH.
Christensen, L.J., Mackey, A. and Whetten, D., 2014. Taking responsibility for corporate social responsibility: The role of leaders in creating, implementing, sustaining, or avoiding socially responsible firm behaviors. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 28(2), pp.164-178.
Clapp, J. and Rowlands, I.H., 2014. Corporate social responsibility. The Essential Guide to Global Environmental Governance. Routledge: London, pp.42-44.
Collins, D 2012 Business ethics: how to design and manage ethical organisations, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ. De George, R 2010 Business ethics, 7th edn, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
Du, S., Swaen, V., Lindgreen, A. and Sen, S., 2013. The roles of leadership styles in corporate social responsibility. Journal of business ethics, 114(1), pp.155-169.
Dubrin, AJ 2016 Leadership: Research findings, practice, and skills, 8th edn. South-Western, Cengage Learning.
Ferrell, O., Fraedrich, J and Ferrell L 2013 Business ethics: ethical decision making and cases, 9th edn, Cengage Learning, Mason, OH.
Fisher, C and Lovell, A 2015 Business ethics and values: individual, corporate and international perspectives, 3rd edn, Prentice Hall, Harlow, UK.
Hartman, L.P., DesJardins, J.R. and MacDonald, C., 2014. Business ethics: Decision making for personal integrity and social responsibility. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Hombert, J., Thesmar, D., Tahoun, A., Piotroski, J.D., Zhang, T., Lim, J., Minton, B.A. and Weisbach, M.S., 2014. Using the firm-level corporate social responsibility (CSR) ratings of Kinder, Lydenberg, Domini, we find that firms score higher on CSR when they have Democratic rather than Republican founders, CEOs, and directors, and when they are headquartered in Democratic rather than Republican-leaning states. Democratic-leaning firms spend $20 million more on CSR than Republican-leaning firms ($80 million more… Journal of Financial Economics, 111(1), pp.158-180.
McWilliams, A., 2014. Economics of Corporate Social Responsibility. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Paharia, P. and Singh, A., 2016. Ethical Leadership: A Key To Integrate Corporate Social Responsibility And Human Resource Practices For Business Sustainability.
Shapiro, J.P. and Stefkovich, J.A., 2016. Ethical leadership and decision making in education: Applying theoretical perspectives to complex dilemmas. Routledge.
Shaw, WH., Barry, V and Sansbury G 2013 Moral issues in business, 12th edn, Wadsworth Cengage Learning, Belmont, CA.
Suliman, A.M., Al-Khatib, H.T. and Thomas, S.E., 2016. Corporate Social Responsibility. Corporate Social Performance: Reflecting on the Past and Investing in the Future, p.15.
Tai, F.M. and Chuang, S.H., 2014. Corporate social responsibility. Ibusiness, 6(03), p.117.
Tian, Q., Liu, Y. and Fan, J., 2015. The effects of external stakeholder pressure and ethical leadership on corporate social responsibility in China. Journal of Management & Organization, 21(4), pp.388-410.
Treviño, LK and Nelson, KA 2014 Managing business ethics: straight talk about how to do it right, 6 thedn, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ.
Wu, L.Z., Kwan, H.K., Yim, F.H.K., Chiu, R.K. and He, X., 2015. CEO ethical leadership and corporate social responsibility: A moderated mediation model. Journal of Business Ethics, 130(4), pp.819-831.
Zhu, Y., Sun, L.Y. and Leung, A.S., 2014. Corporate social responsibility, firm reputation, and firm performance: The role of ethical leadership. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 31(4), pp.925-947.
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