It is the carcass of the society that the world is a highly gendered place because gender plays a significant role in the everyday lives of people.Since the day a baby is born, he /she is categorized and treated according to the biological distinction they are born with. However, the biological difference has turned into gender differences.The terms ‘male ‘and ‘female’ have transformed into ‘masculine ‘and ‘feminine’ and the division of has also been done according to that. Although the situation is not the same as it was in the early 90s, there are still some areas where clear distinction based on gender is apparent. The gender difference is so all- present and ubiquitous that it is often left unnoticed. A woman is the one to cook for the family and imposed on the responsibility of child rearing.
When a woman grows up she stands in front of the mirror and contemplates to look slimmer because the society has created a stereotype where the women are idealized in this manner. It should also be acknowledged that gender differences not only piss off women. In certain cases, men are also equally victimized. There is a difference between ‘sex ‘and ‘gender’ but both the terms have been mixed up. It is surprising that ‘gender’ is a biological term which has received more prominence in sociology. The biological differences have created a huge sociological difference which is hard to bridge. Social and even cultural traits are denoted by gender. While sex is a constant set of characteristics which cannot be changed, gender can be changed and actively works as social phenomenon which creates diversity in various places. According to the theory of biological determinism masculinity and femininity are the consequences of hormonal differences and different physical structure but if it is seen from the perspective of sociology, it has social dimensions and defines man and woman according to the perspective of society and the social construction.
Behind the mask of biological differences caused by hormones, the cultural and social distinctions are taking place in a broader way. The physical construction and appearance determines the social role one is supposed to play. These roles are taught to both the male and female child in house by their parents. The so called ‘girlish’ or ‘boy like’ activities are taught by the parents or the surrounding society. The learning part is taught at home and the outer society justifies that. The male domination or patriarchy is seen in various parts of the society. The conventionality of roles is still intact within society. In the contemporary society, gender roles hide the inequality within the society. A woman as well as a man is supposed to dress, behave, talk and walk in a manner that is acceptable in society by the members of the society. The physical difference is supposed to be acknowledged because it creates the huge social difference. There are few scholars which argue that even the distinction between male ad feel are highly impacted by the social forces. It is not kept only as biological differences. It exceeds and reaches the social barriers. Body and physical traits do shape the way an individual will be treated in the society he /she dwells in.
Race and Gender on the other hand also put deep impact on the society and its construction. Even in the contemporary society that is said be ‘ultra-modern ‘in itself still makes difference on the basis of color, race and ethnicity. The indigenous people of Australia who are the true treasure of the country sometimes suffer from bleak lines of biasness. Among the other physical attributes such as hair type, color of the eyes, body shape and others, skin color makes the most prominent distinction that determines the sol treatment an individual would receive. Ethnicity consists of nationality, language, religion and culture. These components also contribute to the way a person will be perceived in society. In terms of race, ethnicity and social discrimination a significant aspect needs to be highlighted for better understanding.
For example, if the color based distinction asks to differentiate the Asians and the African American, it will be well evident that some Russians also look like the Asians. Some America born African origin people are also discriminated. Therefore, the truth is that the body color is not the only cause. The skin complexion is always associated with social inferiority, uncivilized upbringing and lack of education. The issue is when a black person breaks all the barriers and establishes in the society, he /she becomes a subject of biasness, disrespect and jealousy. It is deep rooted within the psychology that certain countries or regions in the world exist to be dominated and subdued. Hence, the people who belong to that parts of the globe are also subjects to be dictated, dominated, neglected and stay inferior.
In the recent US Open’s Serena Williams versus Naomi Osaka tennis match, Serena Williams is given three code violations warning. First of all, during the game, she has been spotted receiving signals from her coach Patrick Mouratogolou that is unethical. Mrs. Williams strongly disputes saying “I don’t cheat to win, I’d rather lose,” to the umpire of the match Mr. Carlos Ramos.When the opponent the 20 years old Naomi Osaka scores higher than her, Williams smashes the racket in frustration. This is unexpected from a senior player like her and incurs another penalty. Lastly she calls the umpire Ramos a thief to be stealing a point from her. She is given a game penalty for verbally abusing the umpire. She asks the referee to come to the court to mitigate the issue. Her accusation against Carlos Ramos is that he was biased against Williams because she is a woman and “that is not right “. Finally, Osaka wins the match and Williams rejects to shake hands with Ramos in disgust and asks Ramos to apologize.
According to The Telegraph, it was not the first time Serena Williams engaged in s8ch kind of activities due to losing points or entirely losing the game. In the year 2011, Williams had accused the umpire Eva Asderaki calling her ‘a hater ‘and ‘ugly inside’. In the year 2009 too, it was her semi-final with the opponent Kim Clijsters. In this match too she was penalized for a point because she had abused a lineswoman ruthlessly. However, her coach Mr. Patrick has honestly admitted that he had had prompted coaching signals when the game was continuing, it is unethical and prohibited. It has been found from The Gurdian report, that the Wimbledon’s chief has despised the Williams’s conduct and the All England Club chairman Philip Brook also says that the duty of an umpire has been well executed by Carlos Ramos and it was unsportsmanlike to abuse the umpire in such a way.
Therefore, it is apparent that Williams was completely wrong in her conduct during the match. It is not that gender differentiation and racial discrimination do not happen in professional context. However, in this context Williams should not have put the allegation of judging her on the basis of her gender, because her opponent Naomi Osaka is also a woman who won the match. Serena Williams had accused a lady umpire too which shows that it is not always gender, race, color complex issue. The personal characteristics, psychology and nature also can mold his/her approach towards the society.
Reference
Ajala, Taiwo. “Social construction of gender roles and women’s poverty in African societies: The case of the Nigerian woman.” International Journal of Gender and Women Studies4, no. 2 (2016): 1-10.
Flintoff, Anne, Fiona Dowling, and Hayley Fitzgerald. “Working through whiteness, race and (anti) racism in physical education teacher education.” Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy 20, no. 5 (2015): 559-570.
Flintoff, Anne. “Playing the ‘Race’card? Black and minority ethnic students’ experiences of physical education teacher education.” Sport, Education and Society 20, no. 2 (2015): 190-211.
Graham, Bryan. 2018. “Serena Williams Burns The House Down As Naomi Osaka’s Brilliance Is Forgotten”. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2018/sep/09/serena-williams-us-open-tennis-final-2018-game-penalty-naomi-osaka.
Lentin, Ronit. “Migrant women’s networking: New articulations of transnational ethnicity.” In Ethnicities and Values in a Changing World, pp. 71-88. Routledge, 2016.
Siim, Birte, Andrea Krizsán, Dominika Gruziel, and Anita Nissen. “D9. 7. Report of Case Studies on Gender Equality as a Focus Point of National and Nativist Discourses.” (2016).
telegraph.co. (2018). Serena Williams unleashes furious rant at umpire as she loses US Open 2018 final to Naomi Osaka. [online] The Telegraph. Available at: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/tennis/2018/09/08/serena-williams-vs-naomi-osaka-us-open-2018-final-live-score/ [Accessed 29 Oct. 2018].
theguardian.com. 2018. “Serena Williams’ Coach Advocates Change In Rules After US Open Controversy”. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2018/oct/18/serena-williams-coach-patrick-mouratoglou-in-match-coaching.
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