The Green international school is a private school situated in Bangkok, Thailand. The school offers high secondary education to domestic and international students. The school is located on one of the busiest roads of the city. It is a 5-story building. The neighborhood is mainly a residential area with high rising buildings surrounding the school. However, the ground floor of those residential buildings has smaller educational centers, retail shops, cafes, printers, Xerox shops, and other types of shops.
It has three entrances: one huge entry gate at the front of the building with a smaller door within it, one middle-sized door on the left side, and a smaller one on the back of the building. The building is U-shaped, 5-storey building and it has more than 500 rooms including classrooms, teachers’ rooms, laboratory rooms, library rooms, canteens, gyms, sports areas, hostel rooms, and a big playground in the middle of the premise. The ground floor of the building has one huge parking place that can accommodate at least 200 cars and other vehicles.
On the ground floor, there is a reception room, canteen and a waiting room along with three play areas: one basketball court, one badminton, and table tennis court and another room for other recreational sports. It also has some other rooms such as fire sprinkler pump-room, water pump, electric generator, lift, motor room and others. The first and second floors have classrooms, laboratory rooms, teachers’ rooms, and one central library room (on the second floor). Four and five floors have individual and shared bedrooms for the students who take the hostel facilities. The building has a water reservation system underground. The school building has a ground right middle of it due to which the place is airy and full of light. The rooms are also enough airy.
A team of 14 members has been given the responsibility of fire management. These committee members oversee the fire safety of the school premises. The team works under the supervision of Mr. Chan, a former serviceman in the fire department of Singapore. The fire extinguishers and other equipment are bought and managed mainly by the three members according to the assistance of the higher authority and experts. Five members are assigned to train the students and staff regarding quick and safe evacuation from the school building. Other members take care of other factors like looking after the school premises’ fire safety, identifying the potential fire hazards within the school premises, and taking corrective actions.
The school staff (teaching and non-teaching) are trained by the experts appointed by the school authority during the time of hiring. The students of lower classes (from 5-7) are shown different videos, are told inspirational stories where the students can see how people should manage different emergencies. The students of 7-10 are given materials and taught to help them to learn about the fire safety guidelines and told to prepare a group presentation. The students of 11 and 12are encouraged to get training from the experts where they are exposed to fake emergencies in the school premises to assess their performance. They are provided a certificate after completion of this training.
Each year on 20th February, a carnival is arranged by the school authority where the principals of other schools, students, and guardians are invited to participate. This is done to generate awareness regarding the fire safety guidelines and fire-fighting protocols legalized by the Singapore Government along with the fire safety measures that the school authority has taken following the same.
Discuss how a fire safety audit was conducted, and provide 5 Fire Hazards Identified in the table/format below:
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Fire Hazard 1: Case of kitchen room in canteen |
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Photo |
Violation & Associated Problems |
Recommended Corrective Actions |
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Picture of Fire Hazard Identified |
· The kitchen room is small and the unused gas cylinders are gathered in one place just beside the oven. · A huge amount of matchsticks and kerosene are stacked in one place near the oven. · The canteen is huge and can accommodate many people but the exit is narrow. |
· The unused gas cylinders should not be stored like that or should be stored in a different room if necessary. · The kerosene and matchsticks should be kept at a different place far away from the oven. Picture of Post-Corrective Action, if any. (see A2 in ) |
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Fire Hazard 2: Case of Library |
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Photo |
Violation & Associated Problems |
Recommended Corrective Actions |
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Picture of Fire Hazard Identified (see A3 in ) |
· The library room has many electronic devices (computers, printers). The wiring of this room is not properly done. |
· The library room should have a fire alarm in the room. · There should be at least 4 fire extinguishers (2 inside and 2 outside) in the room. · The wiring should be done properly. Picture of Post-Corrective Action, if any. (see A4 in ) |
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Fire Hazard 3: Case of Chemistry Laboratory |
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Photo |
Violation & Associated Problems |
Recommended Corrective Actions |
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Picture of Fire Hazard Identified (see A5 in ) |
· The chemical components, Bunsen burners, and other equipment are stacked in the laboratory. · Open wiring. |
· The high-risk chemicals should be handled with care. · There should be more fire-fighting gloves and aprons. · The wiring should be done properly. (see A6 in ) |
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Fire Hazard 4: Case of the Garage |
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Photo |
Violation & Associated Problems |
Recommended Corrective Actions |
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Picture of Fire Hazard Identified (see A7 in ) |
· Plastic, paper, and cloth wastes are stacked at the end of the garage room. · Unused rubber pipes are stacked in the garage. |
· Plastic and other kinds of waste should not be stacked within the school premises as these are flammable materials. · The rubber pipes should be placed in the storage room. · More fire exti8nguishers should be installed. (see A8 in ) |
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Fire Hazard 5: Case of Pump Room |
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Photo |
Violation & Associated Problems |
Recommended Corrective Actions |
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Picture of Fire Hazard Identified (see A9 in ) |
· The pump room and generator room have open wiring. · Unused cardboards, plastic wraps are stacked in this room. |
· The wiring should be done properly. · Unused flammables should be removed immediately. (see A10 in ) |
The above fire safety audit was done based on the Fire Safety Act 1993, Chap 109A.
The building contains a huge amount of flammable materials such as paper-based documents, gas cylinders in the canteen kitchen, chemicals in the chemistry laboratory, wooden tables, chairs in every classroom, beds in students’ bedrooms, and many more. Tier 1 contains mainly petroleum (in the parking area), gas cylinders, and storage of food (in the canteen), and other flammable materials including wooden furniture in the reception and waiting rooms. Tier 2 has mainly chemicals and other flammable materials in the laboratories. There are thousands of books in the library which is a potential source of flammable materials. Tier 3 has beds, clothes, furniture, books in the students’ rooms.
Considering the National CERT Standard (2016), the CERT of the building has been established. Each floor has a separate room for keeping the equipment (such as chemical suits, face shields, firefighting gloves, boots, helmets firefighting. Fire alarm systems and fire extinguisher equipment have been installed on different locations of each floor. On each floor, there are pipelines connected with the water reservation system in the underground area so that water can be spread in case of any emergency. On each floor, there is one glass window with a piece of metal equipment hanging beside it, which can be broken in case of any emergency. The building has three wide staircases (which make the evacuation easier and safe in times of emergency), along with an additional staircase outside the building. This additional staircase starts from one corner of the roof (which is usually closed) and ends straight outside the building.
Discuss how the premise/building’s ERP is formulated and developed;
Provide details on how the scenarios are determined, the number of meetings to align the stakeholders’ expectations (You may add on the sample Table of Meetings if required).
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Date |
Meeting Agenda |
Issues Discussed/Decision Taken |
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15th March 2021 |
1st Meeting Agenda |
Introduction of members; presentation of potential scenarios by FSM |
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22nd March 2021 |
2nd Meeting Agenda |
Evacuation plans according to the potential scenarios identified in the previous meeting. |
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Compilation of Evacuation Plans from Tenants… |
· Plan to use the available staircases carefully along with instructions to the students (which class should use which staircase in different emergencies) has been prepared. · Plan for evacuation of teachers and staff is also prepared. · A plan regarding the potential usage of all the doors for evacuation purposes has been prepared. |
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28th March 2021 |
3rd Meeting Agenda… |
The changes needed in the school building to ensure more protection from such fire hazards. |
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ERP presented to Executive Committee |
ERP approved and adopted. |
Conclusion
The purpose of this report was to provide an insight into the fire safety management of the Green International School in Singapore. To conclude this it can be said that the existing fire safety management and measurement of this school are impressive. The training sessions are also taken to educate the students and staff about the precautionary measures and firefighting measures. The fire audit in the school building was conducted and 5 potential fire hazards were identified. The recommendations to avoid any such situations are provided. The Emergency response plan is proposed according to the meetings held for the same purpose and approved. Hence, the school authority should take all the necessary steps to improve the fire safety management of the school premises to avoid or to enhance the fire-fighting and evacuation capability of the stakeholders.
References
Fire safety act 1993, 2000. The statutes of the republic of singapore |fire safety act (chapter 109A). [online] rcrc-resilience-southeastasia.org. Available at: <https://www.rcrc-resilience-southeastasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/2000-Fire-Safety-Act.pdf> [Accessed 12 March 2022].
SCDF, 2016. National CERT Standard. Singapore Civil Defense Force.
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