Management can be understand as a process of getting things accomplished by other people in a formal and organised way. In order to accomplish certain specific goals and objectives, there is taken sue of a management approach. To manage is to plan things, to forecast future results and outcomes, to organise the tasks, to command other people, to co-ordinate different organisational functions, to control functions and people to lead the workforce. In a contemporary business world, the organisational managers are required to have innovative approaches in managing the organisation but the basic function of management are still the same and there sir required to have much focus upon all the function to achieve improved results (Roper and Payant, 2014). The managers are required to master the key functions of management i.e. planning, organising, controlling and leading to effectively work the organisation. It is the work and responsibility of the managers to manage the individual performances of the employees, to represent the staff of the organisation, to have an effective monitoring of the business environment, to manage the performance of the groups, to coordinate the various interdependent groups, to allocate resources, to plan organisational functions and to instruct the subordinates. The paper will highlight the work or the functions performed by the managers for the organisation and its continuous growth and development (Robbins, DeCenzo and Coulter, 2008).
Theory
According to the management theory developed by Henry Fayol, there is developed a model which helps in explains the way the management of the organisation have an interaction with the personnel. Fayol has established 14 principles of management and has also developed the key functions or ways by which there must be effective controlling of the organisation. According to the planning function of management, there is setting up of the objectives and developing a course of action for the attainment of these set objectives. The planning function enables the managers to get aware of the various environmental conditions which the organisations tend to face in the upcoming future (Rao and Krishna, 2009).
Findings
The managers perform various types of planning for the organisations that comprises of strategic planning, tactical planning and operational planning. These various types of planning performed by the managers help the organisations in attaining several advantages. The strategic planning performed by the managers helps in analysing the competitive threats and opportunities as well as various weaknesses and strengths of the business organisations. By performing the SWOT analysis, the managers determine the way in which the organisation is required to position itself for competing in the business environment (Owens, 2008). The organisational managers first have an insight of the organisational mission and vision and then formulate business objectives and perform strategic planning to achieve these formulated objectives. The managers also perform tactical planning which is basically for the period of one to three years and is basically designed to create specific means by which there can be effective implementation of the strategic plan. The third kind of planning performed by the managers is the operational planning where the managers plan for things which are of very short term i.e. less than a year. The operational plans build to support the tactic and the strategic plans. The managers perform the planning function for having a proper and structured functioning of the organisational activities (Nieuwenhuizen, et a., 2008).
Analysis
From the theory and the findings for the planning function of management, it is analysed that the managers perform planning to manage the present and future activities of the organisation where there is involve the analysis of external s well as internal environment, the customers, the competitors and the future uncertainties. After analysing all these factors, the managers plan and take decisions which can benefit the organisation. There is a vast importance of planning function in management as it is the initial requirement for any business organisation before commencing with any business operation or set up as the managers are required to plan each and every single move so that the organisation does not have to face unnecessary risks in the coming time frame. Thus, the managers undertook the planning function for effective decision making and faster attainment of the organisational goals (McKee, Kemp and Spence, 2012).
Theory
Organising is the second key function of management which comprises of activities such as allocating human resources and developing an organisational structure for assuring that there is effective achievement of the business goals and objectives. The organisational structure is the framework where the managers are required to manage, coordinate and organise the efforts. The organisational structure is well demonstrated through an organisational chart that offers a complete graphic representation of the organisational chain of command. And the various decisions which are made in respect to the organisational structure are usually termed as the organisational design decisions (Marquis and Huston, 2009). In the organising function of management, the managers design the individual jobs of the employees within an organisation. The various decisions are taken up in respect with the responsibilities and duties to be assigned to the individuals related to their jobs as well as it is also decided and organised that in what manner all these duties will be carried on. And the various decisions that are made by the managers in respect to the nature of the jobs in an organisation, those decisions are usually known as “job design” decision making (Koontz, 2010).
Findings
The organising function performed by the managers comprises of deciding the best way to departmentalize the things or jobs for coordination for the efforts in an effective manner. It has been found that in the organising function, the managers perform organising of customers, geography, product and the functions. This function of the managers help the organisation in bets designing of the individual jobs which is done to take best effective and potential use of the organisational human resources. The managers attempt to develop a strong balance between the needs of the workers for attaining a job that offers them a sense of variety and autonomy with the need of worker to manage the work specialisation. With these efforts of the managers there develops a sense of empowerment, teamwork and job enrichment in the organisation which is beneficial attracting the competent, skilled and talented candidates in the organisation (Kerzner, 2013).
Analysis
From the overall findings and analysis, it has been evaluated that the managers perform a vital function for the organisation which offer numerous benefits the organisation. With the organising function of management, the managers strive hard to develop specialisation buy having separate departments for specific functions and jobs. The managers clarifies the authorities, riles and responsibilities of the individuals so that they can easily manage their task, they also brings a coordination among different departments so that the functions can have a link with each other (Strydom, 2011). The other organising functions of the mangers which help the organization is that they effectively administer all the things, plans the ways by which there can be achieved high level of diversification and growth, develops a sense of security and also develop scope for implementing new change in the organisation. Thus, the managers perform organising function for the organisation which helps in taking utmost utilisation of the resources, better allocation of authorities and improved coordination among various departments which helps in rapid attainment of the organisational goals (Horovitz and Webb, 2015).
Theory
Leading is considered as one of the most significant and vital aspects of the directing function of management. When an organisation possesses a well-organized group of people who are working towards the attainment of a shared and common goal, there is a need of some kind of leadership style in the organisation to manage the overall working. Leading function performed by the managers is considered as the function of integrating where all the members of the organisations developed an integration to work together and follow the direction of the leader to get adequate results. There are various theories of leadership which explain the function of leadership in a much in-depth manner. Today, the organisational managers take extensive use of Bass’s transformational leadership theory (Griffin, 2013). According to this theory, the managers are the leaders who develop a collaborative approach in the organisation rather than working in an individual manner. The leader or the managers transform the employees or the followers by enhancing the awareness of the value associated and importance of the task assigned to the employees. The managers also develop focus of the team and the individuals for the achievement of the organisational aims rather than workings for their individuals’ interest. The managers as leading functions, motivates people to perform well in the organisation (Chechetto-Salles and Geyer, 2006).
Findings
With the leading function, the managers build zeal and confidence among the organisational employees to work hard and achieve the organisational goals. Being a leader, the manager of an organisation have certain qualities such as personal integrity, self-confidence, taking initiatives, fore sighting, being equal and maintain equity in the organisation. The manager influences the employees with individual behavioural norms and motivates them to work better and give improved results. There are various functions performed by the manager in the leading function of management such as initiating actions, motivating the individuals, offering guidance to the employees, developing confidence in the people, building high level of moral to perform well, building strong and good working environment and developing co-ordination among the teams (?ešnovar, 2006).
Analysis
From the overall theories developed in respect with leadership and the analysis of the finding, it can be said that in present organisations, the managers are the leaders that lead the organisation as well as the organisational members. Motivation is one of the key aspects of leadership as the managers tend to keep all the employees and organisational members motivated to work hard in achievement of the desired organisational gaols. Thus, it can be said that leading is not only a function of management but the most vital element which develops the roots of the organisation for bright future and long term sustainability with a highly inspired and motivated staff. Therefore with appropriate leadership style, the managers can manage the functions of the organisation and can also influence the employees to work in an improved and more effective way to achieve the organisational mission (Brevis-Landsberg, 2012).
Theory
The controlling function of management is the key function in an organisation that has a direct link with the planning function of management. Controlling of the processes, the function, the human resources and the various other fact ors is done by the organisational managers. There is a control theory of management as per which ton control the human behaviour there is a need to give feedbacks and take actions (Tripathi, 2008). According to this theory, the things are resources are control by offering them with adequate feedbacks which can help the employees to correct any sort of deviation and error occurred in the planned and actual work. These feedbacks can be positive or negative for influencing the individuals of the organisation, once the masses are influenced there are taken appropriate actions based upon the feedback received. In such a way a function of controlling at6kes place in an organization (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014).
Findings
The function of controlling performed by the managers involves making ensured that the performance of the organisation and the employees does not get deviated from the set standards and planned objectives. there are primarily three key steps in the function of controlling which are undertaken by the managers comprising of (1) establishment of the performance standards, (2) to have an effective comparison of the actual performance results with the set and established standards to identify the deviations, and (3) to take appropriate and corrective actions when there is a need of those actions to achieve standard results. The key aim of the controlling function of the managers is to analyse the performance standards which are majorly described in a monetary way such as profits, costs or revenues (Bloom and Van Reenen, 2007). But the managers also control the performance of the organisation by analysing the performance standards in another way too that comprise of quality standards, the overall capacity of production, etc. For controlling the organisation and business and employees performances, there is performed performance measurement in various ways such as measuring the customer satisfaction, analysing the financial statement, production results, sales reports and performance appraisals. The organisational managers are required to have effective e engagement in the controlling function of management at all the levels to some extent so that the end results do not get deviated from the standard and planned outcomes (Bateman and Snell, 2013).
Analysis
From the theory and the findings, it has been analysed that the controlling function of management performed by the managers should not be confused with an aspect of controlling the behaviour as the controlling function is not performed to control the employees. Their respective emotions, attitudes and values rather it is performed to make sure that the overall organisational result does not get deviated. To perform an effective controlling function in the organisation, it is essential there must be plan to manage the controlling of the organisation. The managers can perform performance audits or budget audits for measuring the performance related deviations the employees and budget audit to analyse the overall deviations in the organisational performance and revenues. Majorly the controlling function is thought in respect with financial outcomes but the manager perform controlling of customer experiences, employees performances, services, operational processes as well as human behaviours o that all these can be managed and controlled so that there can be attained rapid accomplishment of organisational objectives (Aswathappa and Reddy, 2009).
Conclusion
The managers are the key assets of the organisations as they carry on several activities and undertake diverse set of management function for improving the overall performance of the organisation. from this report it can be concluded that the planning, organizing, leading and controlling are the four major functions that are performed buy the managers for their organisation to have utmost and efficient use of the human resources, to manage the uncertainties, to forecast the risks of operating a highly competitive business environment to have an effective check whether the results are getting deviated or not from the set standards. Thus, it can be stated that these functions of management performed by the managers are the roosts of any successful business and there is a need that the managers may have its key emphasis on these management function further carry on with future business function and expansion of the organisation. If the managers do not work as per these function then it can impact the sustainability of the organisations and thus the growth can be halt and it can weakens the organisation from internal aspect.
Reference List
Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014. Armstrong’s handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers.
Aswathappa, K. and Reddy, G.S., 2009. Organisational behaviour(Vol. 12). Himalaya Publishing House.
Bateman, T.S. and Snell, S., 2013. Management: Leading & collaborating in a competitive world. McGraw-Hill Irwin.
Bloom, N. and Van Reenen, J., 2007. Measuring and explaining management practices across firms and countries. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 122(4), pp.1351-1408.
Brevis-Landsberg, T., 2012. Managers’ expectations of business management graduates in the 21 st century. M. Coetzee, JA. Botha, N. Eccles, H. Nienaber & N. Holzhausen. Developing Student Graduateness and Employability, pp.167-184.
?ešnovar, T., 2006. The impact of strategic management on business outcomes—Empirical research. Journal for East European management studies, pp.227-243.
Chechetto-Salles, M. and Geyer, Y., 2006. Community-Based Organisation Management. Pretoria: Idasa.
Griffin, R.W., 2013. Fundamentals of management. Cengage Learning.
Horovitz, J.H. and Webb, P., 2015. Top management control in Europe. Springer.
Kerzner, H., 2013. Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons.
Koontz, H., 2010. Essentials of management. Tata McGraw-Hill Education.
Marquis, B.L. and Huston, C.J., 2009. Leadership roles and management functions in nursing: Theory and application. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
McKee, A., Kemp, T. and Spence, G., 2012. Management: A focus on leaders. Pearson Higher Education AU.
Nieuwenhuizen, C., Badenhorst-Weiss, H., Rossouw, D., Brevis, T. and Cant, M., 2008. Business management: A contemporary approach. Juta and Company Ltd.
Owens, P.N., 2008. Sediment behaviour, functions and management in river basins. Sustainable management of sediment resources, 4, pp.1-29.
Rao, V.S.P. and Krishna, V.H., 2009. Management: Text and cases. Excel Books India.
Robbins, S.P., DeCenzo, D.A. and Coulter, M.K., 2008. Fundamentals of management: Essential concepts and applications. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Roper, K.O. and Payant, R.P., 2014. The facility management handbook. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn.
Strydom, J.W. ed., 2011. Principles of business management. Oxford University Press.
Tripathi, P.C., 2008. Principles of management. Tata McGraw-Hill Education.
Essay Writing Service Features
Our Experience
No matter how complex your assignment is, we can find the right professional for your specific task. Contact Essay is an essay writing company that hires only the smartest minds to help you with your projects. Our expertise allows us to provide students with high-quality academic writing, editing & proofreading services.
Free Features
Free revision policy
$10Free bibliography & reference
$8Free title page
$8Free formatting
$8How Our Essay Writing Service Works
First, you will need to complete an order form. It's not difficult but, in case there is anything you find not to be clear, you may always call us so that we can guide you through it. On the order form, you will need to include some basic information concerning your order: subject, topic, number of pages, etc. We also encourage our clients to upload any relevant information or sources that will help.
Complete the order form
Once we have all the information and instructions that we need, we select the most suitable writer for your assignment. While everything seems to be clear, the writer, who has complete knowledge of the subject, may need clarification from you. It is at that point that you would receive a call or email from us.
Writer’s assignment
As soon as the writer has finished, it will be delivered both to the website and to your email address so that you will not miss it. If your deadline is close at hand, we will place a call to you to make sure that you receive the paper on time.
Completing the order and download