As discussed by Kahn (2015) gender wage gap is an international issue. Not even the economically developed countries have succeeded in eliminating this injustice from their professional sectors. According to Cooke (2014) the gender pay gap has economic, social and political implications. Hence, this research has aimed to identify the causes of such an adverse economic phenomena and the recent status of Australia for understanding and exploring the pathways to eliminate this issue from Australia. It is observed that the issues with the gender pay gap in Australia are recognizably persistent. People select the different career path for their future. This selection of the preferable career can be counted as one of the major reasons for the gender pay gap. In recent times, it is noticed that the Australian women are making the remarkable strides for accomplishing the gender equality in the country (Lips 2013). The participation of women in the leadership roles at the Universities, workplaces, and the government boardrooms is determining that the Australian government is focusing on resolving such issues with gender inequality. The Sex Discrimination Act in 1984 is making the law more effective for reducing the gender discrimination based on marital status, sexuality, and family responsibilities.
Now, this research work has used the secondary research methodology for collecting the data. Moreover, with the help of descriptive research design the author has developed this report on the gender wage gap that is persistent in Australian workplaces. In the following segment, the author has provided the justification of this research approach.
As discussed by French (2014) the Australian economy is facing more than 10% wage gap based on the gender of the workers. It is hurting the potentiality of the economy from growing further. Moreover, as discussed by Kahn (2015) the gender inequality in the professional sector is also deteriorating the status of women both in the family and the society. Hence, it is an important topic to be discussed and analyzed for both the economic and societal growth of Australia.
The study provides the enriched ideas about the gender inequality that reflects through the different wages structure in the Australian employers. The gender pay gap is one of the major concerns in the organisations of Australia. It is reported that the girls and women usually make up just over half (50.2%) of the entire Australian population (Abc.net.au 2017). The ratio is lesser than the wages paid to men in these organisations. In the low-paid industries, the women are represented as the part-time workers. Therefore, they cannot avail the opportunities of holding the leadership position in the private and public sectors. Moreover, it is also noticed that a quarter of women have to face the sexual harassments at their workplace (Charlesworth and Macdonald 2015). In spite of the strict rules imposed against the gender inequality, many women put the complaints against such discriminative behaviour at their workplaces.
The study is thus exploring the recognizable issues faced by the women in the workplaces of Australia. The information obtained from Gender Equity Insight report highlights that the difference between the salary of men and women dropped from 23.9% in the year of 2015 to 23.1% in 2016 (Humanrights.gov.au 2017). The gender pay gap is generally increasing due to the upturns in the economy. Simultaneously, when the economy falls, the wages are also dripped. Therefore, the study explores the insightful ideas about the issues faced by the women in Australia. The topic is justified because the information is supported by the relevant and enriched ideas about the subject matter. In fact, it is essential to point out the major concerns raised among the women during the approaches made for special leaves. For instance, when any woman need to take the maternity leaves, the organisations in Australia does not maintain the justified structure of wages that are needed to be paid. The information in this research study is gathered from the secondary sources. Therefore, it includes the necessary information about the previous consequences that created the significant challenges for the women in Australian organisations. The study also highlights that the gender pay gap has the special impact on the economic, social and political implications. The study involves the preferable references for backing up the information in a significant way. Hence, the study is appropriately conducted for highlighting the issues with gender inequality in Australia.
Here, the author has utilized the descriptive research design. As opined by Saldanha and O’Brien (2014) descriptive research can be identified as a statement of affairs as they are being presented in front of the researcher. This approach helps in attempting to determine, describe and identify what the situation is, unlikely to the analytical research that attempts to establish the interrelated variables within a certain problem. As mentioned by Chynoweth (2014) the descriptive research is beneficial for making a knowledge base for further analytical study. Here, within a small scope this research design has provided that knowledge base to the author which would be helpful for him for further research initiative in this topic. In addition to this, as opined by Gandhi and Sharma (2014) the descriptive research design is helpful when the data is spread over a large number of people and geographic area. Here, the selected topic covered a broad range of area and people. Hence, with the utilization of this descriptive research methodology the author has become able to systematically represent such a vast range of data. Moreover, as described by Bryman and Bell (2015) in the educational research descriptive approach is the most popular one, hence, the usage of this technique by the author cannot be identified as unjustified.
However, as discussed by Bryman (2015) the descriptive research design supports the secondary research methodology for collecting the most relevant information. Hence, for the successful completion of this research, the author has used the strategy of secondary research and secondary data collection. The author has used this methodology with the aim of conducting the research with ease and within a limited budget. As mentioned by Bryman and Bell (2015) the secondary research helps the research conductors to collect information and analyze those are already available and thus saves time as well as money. On the other hand, Gandhi and Sharma (2014) have stated that with the help of the findings of previous researches, the research conductor becomes able to gather a primary knowledge about the topic which serves as a guiding light for him or her. Here, with the help of the secondary research, the author has become able to build his initial knowledge base regarding the topic. Moreover, as opined by Saldanha and O’Brien (2014) the structured findings of previous articles helps the researches to use the most relevant information while eliminating the irrelevant ones. In this context, with the help of the findings of the previous articles, the author has become able to utilize the most relevant and authentic data only.
In addition to this, the research conductor has utilized the quantitative data analysis procedure for analyzing the data collected from the secondary sources. As mentioned by Gandhi and Sharma (2014) the use of the mathematical and statistical perspective for analyzing the data and establishing a finding provides a structured and firm base to the research result. On the other hand, Bryman and Bell (2015) by collecting quantitative data and using this approach for analysis of the collected data, the research tends to deal with specific and the most relevant data bases. Moreover, as mentioned by Saldanha and O’Brien (2014) objectivity of the quantitative data provides the researcher a set of unbiased data, which helps in exploring the most authentic research result. Gandhi and Sharma (2014) has stated that the quantitative research is more likely to provide the convenience of compile the data onto charts and graphs, as the data collected are easier to analyze and categorize.
Conclusion:
To conclude, it can be said that the research has described the current scenario of gender discrimination in the wage payment in Australian workplaces, its potential reasons and implications of it. However, the chosen research approach has assisted the author in this regard. With a descriptive research method he becomes able to conduct a relatively simple research work and it has helped him to cast light on the current issue of gender pay discrimination in Australia. With this approach, the author has become able to gather knowledge about the stated issue and it will be helpful for him for further researches. The secondary data collection has provided the ease and accuracy to the research effort, as it has utilized only the relevant data from the previous studies and eliminating the scope of wastage of time in collection of extraneous data. Last but not the least; the researcher has used the quantitative data from the data sources. It has helped him in making a clear and structured presentation of the research result and minimizing and eliminating all the possibilities of subjectivity from the outcome of the study. Thus, the selected research approach has successfully helped him in conducting this study.
References:
Abc.net.au, 2017. Gender pay gap improves, but experts say it’s due to economic downturn. [online] ABC News. Available at: <https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-03-02/gender-pay-gap-improves-slightly-still-outrageously-high/8316578> [Accessed 3 Mar. 2017].
Bryman, A. and Bell, E., 2015. Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA.
Bryman, A., 2015. Social research methods. Oxford university press.
Charlesworth, S. and Macdonald, F., 2015. Australia’s gender pay equity legislation: how new, how different, what prospects?. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 39(2), pp.421-440.
Chynoweth, P., 2014, April. Professional doctorate research methodologies: new possibilities from beyond the social sciences. In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Professional Doctorates. UK Council for Graduate Education.
Cooke, L.P., 2014. Gendered parenthood penalties and premiums across the earnings distribution in Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. European Sociological Review, p.jcu044.
French, L., 2014. Gender then, gender now: surveying women’s participation in Australian film and television industries. Continuum, 28(2), pp.188-200.
Gandhi, M.A.I. and Sharma, S., 2014. A Review of Research Methodologies Linking Green Supply Chain Practices and Green Supply Chain Performance. International Journal of Supply Chain Management, 3(4).
Humanrights.gov.au, 2017. Face the facts: Gender Equality | Australian Human Rights Commission. [online] Humanrights.gov.au. Available at: <https://www.humanrights.gov.au/education/face-facts/face-facts-gender-equality> [Accessed 3 Mar. 2017].
Kahn, L.M., 2015. Wage compression and the gender pay gap. IZA World of Labor.
Lips, H.M., 2013. The gender pay gap: Challenging the rationalizations. Perceived equity, discrimination, and the limits of human capital models. Sex Roles, 68(3-4), pp.169-185.
Saldanha, G. and O’Brien, S., 2014. Research methodologies in translation studies. Routledge.
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