Health and safety at workplace is vital for all the employees. The unsafe and unhealthy environment may result in various conditions, such as injury, diseases, mental health issues, and sometimes death (Gul & Ak 2018). Health, Safety and Welfare at Work Act 2005 aims at provide the safety and welfare for the employees working in any organization. Employers should seek the components of a risk-free and safe environment in any organization (Ward et al., 2018). Proper training should be provided to the employees to understand the environment of the culture, along with that they shall be made aware regarding the rules and regulations that supports or governs workplace safety. The health and safety at the workplace can be improved by the implementation of some policies such as internal environment factors, leadership, external forces, and technology. Workplace stressors, for example, long hours of workload and tight deadlines, create stress among employees and the workers working in any industry. The manager plays a great role in combating the stress at the workplace, such as tolerating the job tensions, nervousness, and mistrust (Ward et al., 2018). This provides better employee retention and less retraining time. The main reasons for managing health and safety are moral, financial, and legal. Emergency services and Hazard identification have been very important for any workplace for the safety of the employees working at the organization. The report will aim at health and safety measures followed by the organizations for the safety of their employees.
The workplace policies and procedures are some of the rules and regulations required by every employee at the organization. There are different codes of conduct required to be followed at the workplace, such as recruitment policies, email policies, smoking policies, and harassment policies (Rubery et al., 2018). The importance of the workplace and policies are vital for any organization or workplace. The recruitment policies procedure involves many steps such as plan development, establishing the strategy, search process, shortlisting the candidates and evaluation. Smoking policies in offices are regulated, in this company maintains a smoke-free zone. Smokers are only allowed to smoke at smoking cabins.
These policies help to provide the way for everyday operations, and it helps make decisions. The different policies are set of rules that are communicated to follow certain workplace processes (Srinivas, 2019). Amazon organization has provided freedom for their emplyooes right to join and has implemented laws for harassment.
The safety, health, and welfare at work Act 2005 mainly focus on the safety, health, and welfare of the individuals at the workplace. This Act clears the various responsibilities concerning safety and health at the workplace (Valeriani et al., 2018). This Act provides the specific penalties that can be put for the breach of the health safety measures. The Act usually applies to the employees, self-employed, and various employees concerning different kinds of work activities. . Amazon.com, Inc has use the health, safety and welfare at work Act 2005, in the year 2020 woker working in the Amazon have faced the great health and safety because of COVID safety measures. The employer must ensure the maintenance of a risk-free and safe environment (Chen et al., 2020). The equipment and machinery should be safe, and it should be risk-free. Implementing some of the emergency plans and procedures at the workplace is important. The important thing is to provide the information and instructions along with supervision at the workplace (Ward et al., 2018).
The appropriate information shall be provided to the employees and employers. The information provided should include various organization hazards and various risks identified. The safety measurements and various designated individuals access the risk assessment and information concerning the reportable incidents (Xia et al., 2020). The information provided should contain preventative measures as well. The organization’s employer must provide some of the information required to be fixed when an employee starts working at the organization, such as any potential risks, health surveillance, and the special skills required. Part 2, section 10 of the Act, focuses on instruction, training, and supervision. All the training and instructions were provided to the employees in a clear and understanding manner (Rothmore & Gray, 2019). All the contractors in the organizations usually receive the relevant safety concerns and instructions. There must be emergency plans in case of any imminent danger situations. The emergency plans usually include the measures for taking first aid and space for evacuation of the crowd. All the emergency services such as rescue process, first aid, and fire fighting must be provided for the safety of the persons (Ward et al., 2018). The protective and prevention measures are found in Part 3, section 18 of Act 2005 in this, an employer must provide a better arrangement for the co-operation between the various of the persons, and it presents the safety concerns. Hazard identification and risk assessment are included in Part 3, Section 19 of the Act; the employer must review the risk of assessment. If there are significant changes that are required, it can be done accordingly; implementation of control measures can be done that are identified through the help of risk assessment (Goniewicz & Goniewicz, 2020). The safety statement can be specified to recognize the risks and hazards, and it should also specify the emergency plans and their protocols and duties of the employees. Part 3, Sections 22 and 23 health Surveillance and Medical fitness are provided to the employees at the workplace (Aruru et al., 20121). The Act requires to provide medical fitness concerning the different work activities. A representative copy of the written information is provided to the employees under this Act. Consultation and participation concerning employees are included in Part 4, Section 26; in this, employers are required for consultation with the employees (Brown et al., 2020). The safety management for the employees is taken into consideration such as protective measures and safety responsibilities for the betterment of employees working together in any organization. Other of the measures can be the appointment of the competent persons and planning for providing the proper training to them. In Part 4 and Section 27, the employees can be punished if they are doing wrong with the health and safety measures (Valeriani et al., 2018).
Some of the rules are required to be followed by the employees working in the different organizations. The employees must ensure that they do not influence any of the toxic cultures in the workplace. The employees must cooperate with other employees so that each employee’s safety can be ensured (Anjum et al., 2018).
The employers are required to provide all the trained staff concerning to help in the situation of emergency procedures. The emergency situations can be earthquakes and fire. All the employees should be made aware of the emergency exit so as to evacuate the building; regular drills procedures can be done so that each of the employees gets aware of the emergency condition, and they can exit from the building (Marzouk et al., 2019). First aid procedures are the primary requirement of any organization; in case of the requirement of first aid, this will help out in resolving all the issues at the workplace itself. The emergency wash stations, such as some of the hazardous materials such as acids and some of the cleaning solutions, these solutions can harm the skin and eyes (Bajraktarova-Valjakova et al., 2018). A label of danger or keep away should be pt so that people can be aware of such hazardous substances. Fire safety procedures should be followed. A fire at the workplace can be spread through oxygen, heat, and fuel and this is a fire triangle (Shosholovski & Dojcinovski). The fire can be extinguished by removing the fuel, removing the heat by applying coolant, and removing oxygen by placing carbon dioxide. The fire extinguisher must be placed in many numbers so that it can help in an emergency situation. Report procedure during an accident at the organization is the check to ensure the absence of risk of danger; it must be ensured that each of the people gets medical assistance (Sun et al., 2018). Reporting to the supervisor and getting necessary medical care facilities through medical staff.
Some of the policies are required to have a safe industrial or organizational workplace; everyone must be aware of their environment, heavy machines and conveyor belts can harm the people. One can save himself or herself (Heraghty 2020). There should be a policy of taking regular breaks from work. Warning of the prospective attire should be ensured and by keeping alertness every time at the industrial environment (Li et al., 2019). Examples of some policies are non smoking policy and antidiscrimination policy.
The employers provide the safety statement to the people working at their workplace. It is a written document that usually considers the safety of each of the people working there. The safety statement includes the policies and risk assessments, and it regulates the risks and hazards at the workplace (Li et al., 2019). The safety statement under the Act 2005 focuses on that an organization is required to provide a written program to safeguard. The safety statement aims to provide safety and health for each person and maintain health safety measures and laws. The safety statement includes specifications of the hazards and risks, and it must include some plans and procedures towards safety and health responsibilities. Roles must be specified for the situation of any emergency (Muchiri et al., 2019). It should contain some of the appointing safety representatives and safety committee of the people and it should have a review mechanism. The written information must be written in clear language that every individual can understand. This should have relevant safety along with the health legislation. The safety statement has specific procedures that are included in the documents (Aljabri et al., 2020). The nalaysis of safetypolicy statement includes the leadership team and the commitment to safety management system. Ill and health care can be managed through plan and control of everything. The health and safety policy statement assusres to provide the safety risk and in safe handling of various of equipments. It also ensures the employees to complete the task and to maintain healthy working conditions. Few example of companies that followed the health and safety statement are Nvidia, Microsoft and Kosmos energy (Owusu-Manu et al., 2020). Nvidia was one of the companies that followed the safety statement for their emplyooes, the office was shut worldwide due to COVID-19. Acording to report around ninty four percent of emplyooes experienced well support from Nvidia. Microsoft also followed the work from policy for the safety of of their emplyoees and it scored 10 out of 10 for health and safety practices (Loporcaro et al., 2019). Kosmos energy limited followed the health and safety statement and it has strongtest record in commitment to worker safety (Effah-Kesse 2019).
The safety audit at the workplace has a concern with evaluating safety and health measures at the workplace. It supports the workplace to determine safety and health issues. The satisfaction in conduction of safety audits helps identification of deficit (Hohnen & Hasle, 2018). This audit includes the risk for identification in the workplace and in recognizing the strengths and weaknesses in providing the health and safety measures. It also supports eliminating unsafe practices and risks.
The hazards in the health care environment can be classified into three categories: biological, chemical, and physical hazards. The hazard is a substance that is unsafe for humans or that is capable of causing injury to people. (Akbar & Ahsan, 2019).
The biological hazards can be observed in laboratories, hospitals, and food industries. The biological hazard in the hospitals can cause infections to the patients as well as the medical staff; some of the bacterial and viral diseases spread fast and cause several diseases (Mertens et al., 2019). Some of the examples of biological hazards are Middle East Respiratory Syndrome and the Ebola virus (Ogbuanya et al., 2020). A standard work practice should be included in hospitals and biological laboratories; proper handwashing procedures need to be followed by nurses and doctors while checking patients. Wear gloves to reduce the infection rate or reduce the contamination rate in laboratories. The physical hazards at the workplace include unguarded machinery, very loud noises, and the falling of strips and celling. Radiation and heat are also common kinds of physical hazards (Ogbuanya et al., 2020). The chemical hazards at the workplace can be acids, paints, heavy metals, and disinfectants. Safety measures for protecting workers from chemical hazards. Consumption of alcohol at the workplace may create problems for other employees as these people might be considered as disturbing elements. Amazon company have observed some of emplyoees consuming marijuana and alcohol and such workers were screened (Altena et al., 2020). This also deteriorates the health of the individuals, such as people observed in anxiety and depression, such as people who are observed to have an antisocial disorder (Altena et al., 2020). This also reduces the person’s performance and can cause an unsettled environment; this may also lead to damage to products and can increase the number of accidents in the workplace. The housekeeper needs to be provided with safety attire along with gloves so that they cannot get infected while cleaning the objects and washrooms (Ogbuanya et al., 2020).
Biological hazards are commonly observed in laboratories and at hospitals. The risk of the biological hazards can be controlled by identifying the containment levels; the biological agents are classified according to with biological (Ogbuanya et al., 2020). Control measures are provided with the potential routes to prevent the risks. Microbiological Safety Cabinet should be provided at the laboratories (Mok et al., 2021). Personal protective equipment should be protective equipment such as goggles, gloves, and face shields. The workers should be trained while working in the laboratory. Disinfectant is good for preventing many biological infections (Mertens et al., 2019). The risk of chemical hazards can be reduced through the discontinuation of the hazardous chemicals and replacing them with less hazardous compounds (Meade et al., 2021). It can also be reduced by isolating the person from these hazardous substances, and people can be provided with personal protective equipment. Physical hazards can be prohibited, such as equipment and furniture. No smoking zones should be provided, heat and heating devices should be kept away from the people. The ignitable substances should be put away from the workers working in any industry (Meade et al., 2021). No smoking zone in Microsoft company has provided a separate cabin for the smokers, this has assisted other employees who do not smoke, so that their health cannot be worsen (Meade et al., 2021).
Some various programs or implementations can be done to increase the safety levels in the workplace; these are by setting safety and health at the priority levels (Mertens et al., 2019). Conducting the inspections will help identify the actual problems that can harm people. There should be provision for addressing emergencies and improving the workplace by setting some proper goals and programs (Ramos et al., 2020). Kosmos energy Limited, has conducted te insepections tocreate a healthy environment and many of the drilling actvites that can affect the business (Owusu-Manu et al., 2020).
In any organization, it should be mandatory to provide messages or information access related to the measures and the guidelines of safety and regulations to all the workers or the employees of the organization. First recommendation is that all the safety rules be provided to each employee through proper data platforms concerning the risk and hazards so that a person can be aware (Gabriel & Aguinis 2022). It is ensured that all equipment and tools should be maintained properly. Second recommendation is getting professional assistance at the workplace helps in reducing health and safety risks (Ramos et al., 2020). The organization should have trained workers that can help anyone concerning risk and hazards. Third recommendation is in the case of health care, doctors can assist those who can not visit hospitals; this can be carried out through telepathy and calls (Ogbuanya et al., 2020). The safety statement helps provide safety measures for each of the individuals working in any organization and protects them from various accidents at the workplace (Ogbuanya et al., 2020). The safety statement of Ireland under the Safety, Health, and Welfare Act includes the risk assessment that includes the organization’s document’s emergency plans (Gabriel & Aguinis 2022). The workplace safety rules may include minimizing the stress levels at the workplace, wearing protective attire to protect themselves from any hazardous substances, and keeping awareness of the surroundings (Mertens et al., 2019). This can be considered mandatory for organizations.
Through this study, I have learned about the risk and hazards at the workplace and how to be safe or to be aware of these risks. The roles and responsibilities of both employees and employers described under the Act 2005 have provided better duties for each person working in any organization. In this Act, some of the rules and regulations for emergency planning and procedures will support the employees in evacuating or protecting themselves from any risk, so proper rules have been provided by the Act that has helped out many of the individuals working at the organizations. Safety can be provided through trained and skilled workers at the time of safety training. It also helps in identifying the potential risks and gives opportunity to curb it down at the right time and thus it aids to create a healthy working environment. The health and safety measure practices followed by the different organizations, such as providing the safety kits to the employees while working in chemical and biological laboratories, will assist in the safety of the employees. The penalty structure have aided the compliance of these rules and regulations. The audit of the safety measures can be taken into various categories such as building safety, emergency preparedness, electrical installations, and fire prevention equipment (Mertens et al., 2019). The building safety can be ensured with the layout of the building, and some of the work injury prevention can help in promoting the health and safety of the people working together (Gabriel & Aguinis 2022).
Conclusion
Hence, it can be concluded that there is an importance of health and safety in workplaces and organizations. In various organizations, an integrated human resource management system has provided some of the rules and regulations that ensure safety at the workplace, and there are various legal regulations for the same. The trained and skilled workers that provide knowledge to the employees at the workplace have benefitted in providing safety measures. The physical environment has put an impact on various actions of the organization, such as the prohibition of alcoholic substances, as this would disturb the environment of the workplace. The safety statement is to provide accurate control of the health and safety risks, provide and maintain safe plans for the people, and ensure safe use of all the equipment under supervision; this has proved to be beneficial for various organizations. A few of the hazards at the workplace include the working condition and timings the kinds of tools and techniques that need to be used at the workplace. Accidents at the workplace may occur because of individuals behaviour and stress developed due to the behaviour of management and other team members. Violent employees at the workplace may trouble other employees by even committing robbery and theft, so such a person shall be penalized by the virtue of the Acts and regulations.
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