Discuss about the ICT Systems in the Industry.
For supporting the data-intensive applications organizations are making use of the special system called information system. These systems are hardware and software based (McFeeters 2013). In other words, the information system can be described as a system that is used for gathering, storing and analyzing data through an integrated set of components in terms of supplying, digital records and knowledge to the ones who has authentication to the data (Isberg et al. 2013).
In this part of the context the three dimensions such as organizational dimension, management dimension and technical dimension are the prime areas of concentration.
Organizational Dimension: The information systems assist in making the business procedures more fluent and accurate, part of the organization’s business procedure (Pohl and Ulfat-Bunyadi 2013). Because of that, the organization dimension of information systems includes the organization functional specialties, hierarchy, culture, processes and political interest groups. The information system has more impact on the activities of an organization than everyone assumes. Interdependencies between information system and the organizations are increasing at a rapid pace.
Management Dimension: This dimension is responsible for involving leadership, management behavior, and managerial strategies. It is because the system is developed based on the activities, using skills for précising the challenges and act to challenge by allocating financial and human resources for overcoming the challenge, of the manager. Required information and tools are supplied to the organization managers by the information solution as those are very important for managers to make strategies (Weiskopf and Weng 2013). The information system assists in managing the daily operations and managerial strategy.
Technology Dim1ension: The hardware, data management method, software, networking technology is the several aspects of the technology dimension (Pohl and Ulfat-Bunyadi 2013). Computer hardware is used as a tool for input, output and processing of data in the information system. Physical media such as tape or disk are used as physical media for storing data and information.
The differences between the e-commerce and the traditional business model are as following.
Dependency on the human transaction: As the e-commerce is based on the electronic communication channel the dependency in the person to person information exchange is very low (Veit et al. 2014). On the other hand, the traditional media is heavily dependent on the person to person information transmission.
Cost effective: The e-commerce is being heavily adopted in the organization as it is a cost-effective approach than the traditional business model. In the e-commerce, the consumer gets direct access to the products of an organization that eliminates the need of any middle man which provide more low cost on the product purchase (Almeida et al. 2016).
Time saving: In contrast to traditional business model the e-commerce provide a platform where the consumer can buy a product and get delivery within some minutes or a day which saves the time of the consumer by eliminating the need of visiting a shop and waste hours to go through the collection of the products (Veit et al. 2014).
Integrity: As the consumer buy directly from the organization in e-commerce point of view, the consumer does not have worry about the quality of the product or getting any duplicate product. In traditional business models often the middlemen mix-up duplicate products with the original ones which cause issue from the end of the consumer.
Accessibility: The e-commerce sites can be accessed from anywhere around the world (Strauss 2016). This allows the consumers to view the products and purchase those from another city or even another state. In the traditional business model, a consumer has to visit physically the store for buying something. These disallowed the people from rural areas to buy various good products. Instead they had to buy poor quality or even duplicate products from local stores.
These are the strategies for improving the revenue of an SME through the use of the e-commerce.
Change of store design: The design of the e-commerce of the site will be changed periodically as per the reviews and the need of the consumers (Almeida et al. 2016). The changes will be made for allowing the consumer to navigate through the site more easily.
Exit offer: The site will be making an exit offer to the convince visitor from converting before they leave the site (Mpofu et al. 2013). It will create a text which will pop up on the screen while the consumer will move the pointer of the mouse on the close button.
Use of e-mail: The SMEs can use the Emails discreetly for driving traffic to their individual store and create sales more than social media. The mails will be sent to the consumer regarding their purchase and recommended purchase.
Forecasting sales: The e-commerce sites will be calculating the interest of the consumer on products through adding the products that are out of stock (Bordonaba-Juste 2012). The consumers will make the out of stock products as wished to buy and organization will make available the products are whished by most consumers.
The challenges of implementing e-commerce in the SMEs can be such as following.
In the 1980s the drivers of the healthcare were heavily tied to the reimbursement and DRGs (Ancker et al. 2012). In this era the hospitals for the first time required to gather significant information from the financial and clinical systems for being reimbursed. Within this period the new software applications, personal computers, emerging networking solutions and many new technologies entered into the market (Mpofu et al. 2013).
In the 1990s keeping in the mind the consolidation and competition that drives healthcare along with the need to integrate providers, hospitals, and managed care are to be improved, the IT perspective in the healthcare got changed, now the hospitals got access to the distributed computing systems., boards and robust network.
In the 2000s every in the information system of healthcare got changed. The information assists of the IS became as following (Ancker et al. 2012).
The flowing procedures one of the many activates that have made the information system completely different from its past (Cresswell and Sheikh 2013).
Considering information as a strategic asset: In a healthcare organization, the information is considered as the strategic asset. This information are related to people, capital, building, research, and reputation (Ancker et al. 2012 ).
Optimizing the value and use of information through Governance: The governance of the information is the key to formulating a policy that can secure, optimize and leverage information as an enterprise asset.
Enhanced patient care: As the information system has developed severely in the past few years the impact of it on the healthcare has also be increased. Many health care planners and high level managers of hospital and healthcare such as Floriana Health Center, Rabat Health Center, Paola Health Center and Mater Dei Hospital strive to recognize the factors that affect the quality of the patient care (Cresswell and Sheikh 2013). The sending of an information request by the patient does not need any authentication from any person it is redirected to the person directly to the destination. So the time of information sharing is very low, and it assists in taking actions as soon as possible. In addition with that, as the information does not halt anywhere in-between the possibility of information getting corrupted is none.
Reduced paperwork: Another impact of IS on the healthcare is that the paperwork has got as much less as possible. The work of the Mater Dei Hospital has gone incredibly easy as the information is stored in the system and is backed up so that no data loss occurs. It consumes an enormous amount of less space which allowed the hospital to use the spaces for other activities.
Collaboration with the other healthcare: The Mater Dei Hospital and the other health centers such as Rabat and Floriana now can exchange the information about the patient and health research information among them. This has a big impact on the health services of Malta. The healthcare nudities now can fill up the gaps regarding the health-related information if they face any critical diseases (Ancker et al. 2012). That organization through the exchange of information can get the previous information of the patient. This will improve the patient care as well.
References:
Almeida, F., Santos, J.D. and Monteiro, J.A., E-commerce business models in the context of web3. 0 paradigm. arXiv preprint arXiv:1401.6102, 2014.
Ancker, J.S., Kern, L.M., Abramson, E. and Kaushal, R., The Triangle Model for evaluating the effect of health information technology on healthcare quality and safety. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, vol.19, no.1, 2012, pp.61-65.
Bordonaba-Juste, V., Lucia-Palacios, L. and Polo-Redondo, Y., The influence of organizational factors on e-business use: analysis of firm size.Marketing Intelligence & Planning, vol.30, no.2, 2012, pp.212-229.
Cresswell, K. and Sheikh, A., Organizational issues in the implementation and adoption of health information technology innovations: an interpretative review. International journal of medical informatics, vol.82, no.5, 2013, pp.e73-e86.
Grant, K., Edgar, D., Sukumar, A. and Meyer, M., ‘Risky business’: Perceptions of e-business risk by UK small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). International Journal of Information Management, vol.34, no.2, 2014, pp.99-122.
Isberg, V., Vroling, B., van der Kant, R., Li, K., Vriend, G. and Gloriam, D., GPCRDB: an information system for G protein-coupled receptors.Nucleic acids research, 2013, p.gkt1255.
McFeeters, S.K., Using the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) within a geographic information system to detect swimming pools for mosquito abatement: a practical approach. Remote Sensing, vol.5, no.7, 2013, pp.3544-3561.
Mpofu, K.C., Milne, D. and Watkins-Mathys, L., ICT Adoption and Development of E-business among SMEs in South Africa, 2013.
Pohl, K. and Ulfat-Bunyadi, N., The Three Dimensions of Requirements Engineering: 20 Years Later. In Seminal Contributions to Information Systems Engineering, 2013, pp. 81-87. Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
Strauss, J., E-marketing. Routledge, 2016.
Veit, D., Clemons, E., Benlian, A., Buxmann, P., Hess, T., Kundisch, D., Leimeister, J.M., Loos, P. and Spann, M., Business models. Business & Information Systems Engineering, vol.6, no.1, 2014, pp.45-53.
Weiskopf, N.G. and Weng, C., Methods and dimensions of electronic health record data quality assessment: enabling reuse for clinical research.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, vol.20, no.1, 2013, pp.144-151.
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