Impact Of Global E-Commerce Standards On Business And Consumers

Literature Review

Discuss about the Final Research Proposal and Factors.

According to Laudon and Traver (2016), it has been found that along with the promotional procedures of civilization, the demands as well as needs of the clients change gradually. Moreover, it has been found that various business firms of different sectors aim to broaden and spread their businesses. In addition, the global businesses intend to develop international image as well as reputation after the launching of the procedure of electronic commerce business. Therefore, the worldwide customers of various geographical locations are able to purchase various services and products from any corner of the world by sitting in their own house only. Thus, it can be said that the global e-commerce standards makes the business firms capable to maintain an efficient communication between the company and the consumers of various geographical locations (Ferraro and Brody 2015). Therefore, the range of target customers increased as well as target market of the businesses also increased instantly. Nonetheless, this research study has performed a detailed study about the effect of the global e-commerce standards on the operations and regulations of the global business and worldwide clients. The electronic commerce businesses that are running successfully across the world include – Flipkart, Ebay, Amazon and many more and it has been found that all these companies have already captured a principal place in the dominion of worldwide standards regarding e-commerce. Therefore, this research work mainly puts emphasis on the effect of various standards of global e-commerce on the global businesses (Da Costa 2016).                        

The theoretical underpinnings include in-depth analysis of the research proposal topic i.e. “Impact of Global E-Commerce Standards on the Businesses”. Therefore, the importance of the global e-commerce standards has been studied here in-depth. According to Cavusgil et al. (2014), the global e-commerce standards are considered as the technological process that assists an organization to accomplish and enter a new market through utilization of the advanced technology. On the contrary, it has been found that Ross (2016) argued all the consumers can obtain their desired services and products by sitting in their own house. According to Carroll and Buchholtz (2014), amidst the confused way of life of an individual, the appearance of global e-commerce businesses are considered as an efficient method for the clients. Moreover, this method of global e-commerce business helps people of various geographical locations to purchase different goods and to obtain different services easily from any part of the world.

Aspects that Affect the Global Standards of E-Commerce

According to Sila (2015), the key aspects that affect the maintaining process of e-commerce businesses to a larger extent include the adequate internal resources of an organization and the incapability of its staffs as well as its management department. It has been found that as per Turban et al. (2015), an organization requires and possesses enough economic strength for bearing the expense of regulating an e-commerce business. This overall process of the e-commerce business is mainly based on the sophisticated technologies. As a result, this particular type of business firms should possess the potential to bear the expense of implementing modified technologies within the firm. Furthermore, it can be said that without implementation of accurate technologies, an e-commerce business is unable to operate its company successfully.

Opined to Agarwal and Wu (2015), shortfall of modified technologies within an e-commerce business might hamper the overall procedure of the business. Thus, maintenance of an e-commerce business includes well trained and well skilled employees, such that the competency in the present market can be managed by the particular firm effectively. The reason behind this is that any technological change might put obstacle in the way of expanding the business and this might lead to declination of the business.

As rightly put forward by Kasemsap (2015), there are various factors governing towards E-commerce adoption. Some of the factors are mentioned below with proper justification:

IT Competence- This competence means the skill as well as knowledge of staff members who understand the function of E-commerce, communication and advanced information like internet and computer software in the daily activities (Vaidyanathan and Aggarwal 2015). It discusses regarding the major barriers for adopting as well as implementing e-commerce system like lack of resources, lack of technical knowledge and lack of skilled and qualified employees that obstructs adoption of E-commerce standards.

Organizational support- This refers as the top management involving throughout the process that aligns with e-commerce activity of the firm (Öztay?i and Kahraman 2017). Business Corporation adopts as well as implements E-commerce that require sufficient resources from the top management. The Top level management aims at managing with the sufficient resources and capabilities. They help in encouraging the team members for overcoming the problems as well as fostering cross-functional cooperation and communication at the same time (Boone and Kurtz 2013).

Trust and Security- This refers as the web technology that help in protecting the unauthorized access of informational data as well as internet resources (Castka and Corbett 2015). Most of the results are taken from surveys and questionnaire on the topic E-commerce standards. Business Corporation has a fear in losing trade secrets and this will create reluctance at the entering the e-commerce business. In other words, Business Corporation is with high confidence as well as trust on security on e-commerce standards for adopting e-commerce. It has been found that web security as well as trust building considers as significant for e-commerce usage (Agarwal and Wu 2015).

Influence of Global E-Commerce Standards on Global Businesses and on Consumers

Moderating effects of competitive pressure – This reveals the fact that competitive pressures will be conducting intense competition at higher rates at the time of adopting technology innovation (Turban et al. 2015). Business Corporation tends to be more responsive as well as cautious based on actions of competitors in a competitive business environment. It means higher competitive pressure by adopting e-commerce technology. Therefore, competitive pressure will be moderate in nature as it will affect the relationship for adopting E-commerce adoption.

As per Castka and Corbett (2015), the global e-commerce standards are awarded with an essential influence on the firm and the consumers. Opined to Boone and Kurtz (2013), the business can reach their services and brand image to the global customers across worldwide nations through e-commerce business. Therefore, the e-commerce companies like Amazon, Flipkart and Ebay have found to gain global reputation and international image. On the contrary, the clients are able to access the online portals of the firm and this helps to maintain transparency between the company and its customers. In addition to this, the consumer executives of these firms provide service to all its clients for overall 24 hours in order to treat customers of various geographical locations with equal dignity and respect (Öztay?i and Kahraman 2017). Thus, international e-commerce businesses have found to gain brand image as well as reputation in the worldwide market.         

It has been found that nowadays, the e-commerce business has expanded to large extent and it has become popular across the world. Therefore, e-commerce businesses have been started within the country and also across the geographical boundaries (Ferraro and Brody 2015). However, it has been found that like other offline businesses, the e-commerce businesses also have to follow certain guidelines and standards regarding global e-commerce standards (Vaidyanathan and Aggarwal 2015). The reason behind this is that any business that operates globally has to follow certain rules, policies and regulations. Similarly, for the e-commerce companies that want to operate its business across the world should follow certain global standards in order to run the business systematically and effectively. This particular standard is known as GS1 System and has created GS1 Network among 150 countries, 3.000 employees and greater than 111 member organizations (Öztay?i and Kahraman 2017). According to certain details, it has been found that more than 1.500.000 consumers are presently using the GS1 System (United-ecommerce.de 2017). The GS1 Approach includes identity, capture, share and use. Moreover, the global e-commerce standards include three types of channels, like single channel, multi-channel and Omni-channel. According to Kasemsap (2015), GS1 Standards generally make it simple for the individuals to invent and buy the goods from all over the world by sitting in their own house. Moreover, these global standards help in the growth of the business, reduces the expenses of the business, it manages risk as well as advantage consumer insights.                         

• What is the impact of global e-commerce standard for the further progress of business?
• What are the primary factors that highly affect the business organization for maintaining global e-commerce standards?
• How organizations can expand their entire process of business with the help of global e-commerce standards?

Background Information on the Research Topic

H0: Global e-commerce standards is possessed with a major impact on the emerging business organizations

H1: Global e-commerce standards is not possessed with a major impact on the emerging business organizations

Research Philosophy

The method in which is conducted that may be conceive in terms of the investigate philosophy aligning with the investigate plan employment as well as utilization of research instruments (Welman, Kruger and Mitchell 2015). This will be in quest for the answer of a difficulty whereby investigate question and objectives are mentioned in the previous chapters. It discusses investigate attitude in relative with the other philosophy. It expounds explore approach involving the methodologies adopt by introducing the study instrument for utilizing the detection of goal. Research Philosophy is a belief by which data is composed, analyzed and used. The reason of discipline is the process for transforming things supposed into things known. There are three types of research philosophy named as Positivism, Interpretivism and Realism (Reinharz and Davidman 2012).

Positivism reveals the fact that realism is steady as well as can be experiential from an object point of view (Perry 2013). This is contended that phenomenon should be isolated whereby there are repeated observations. This takes into consideration treatment of realism with variation in only single self-governing changeable for identifying regularities and forming association between ingredient basics of the communal planet. Interpretivism means making skewed understanding of and interference in reality that can be fully unspoken. This study of phenomenon consider under natural surroundings for acting as a input to Intreprevitist attitude. It is acknowledged whereby scientists fail in identifying interpretations. Interpretivism has a tradition that is less vigorous in comparison to that of Positivism. Realism is the combination of Positivism and Interpretivism philosophies (Peffers et al. 2015).

At the time of conducting the research, researcher will be selecting Positivism Philosophy because it will help in gaining knowledge in a world which is objective by using scientific methods of enquiry (Newman and Benz 2013). The present topic on Impact of Global E-Commerce Standards on the Businesses requires using method associated with the Positivism paradigm such as questionnaire and survey conducted for getting the adequate data.

The significance of hypothesis to the learning provides characteristic features between deductive as well as inductive approach. Deductive approach tests the strength of assumption such as conducting theory or hypothesis (Marczyk, DeMatteo and Festinger 2015). On the other hand, Inductive approach contributes to the appearance of new theory as well as generalization.

At the time of conductive research, researcher will be using deductive research approach that aligns with research topic Impact of Global E-Commerce Standards on the Businesses. In a deductive inference, when the premises will be true then the conclusion is also true. It generalizes from specific attributes (Kothari 2014). Data collection is used for evaluating propositions or hypothesis related to an existing theory. Researcher had used the information according to the steps used starting from theory and then conducting hypothesis. In this particular research topic, impact of Global E-commerce standards is taken into consideration that enables understanding the viewpoint of researcher (Vaidyanathan and Aggarwal 2015). 

Figure: Deduction Process

(Source: Welman, Kruger and Mitchell 2015)

Research behavior	1-4	4-8	8-12	12-16	16-20	20-24	24-28
Selection of the topic	ü
Analysis of the secondary  basis
outline of the investigation
Literature appraisal and theories
operation and research policy			ü
Research policy and technique
Primary data examination			ü
Interpretation of Data examination
Findings  and study
Conclusion and summing up
arrangement of Draft
Final compliance of  the investigate Paper

Figure: Research Process

(Source: Welman, Kruger and Mitchell 2015)

Step 1- Determining the research needs

The first step is determining the research needs based on the research topic on Impact of Global E-Commerce Standards on the Businesses ((Reinharz and Davidman 2012). Researcher will be selecting the research topic on Impact of Global E-Commerce Standards on the Businesses that will help in understanding the Global E-commerce standards on the Business Corporation.

Step 2- Gathering information from potential sources

The second step taken by researcher will be gathering information from the potential sources. Researcher decides in collecting quantitative data by distributing questionnaire and survey to the employees (Reinharz and Davidman 2012).

Step 3- Analyzing the information

The third step taken by researcher will be analyzing the information collected from the quantitative data (Peffers et al. 2015).

Step 4- Communicating the findings

The forth step is communicating the findings from the above discussion aligning with the research topic on Impact of Global E-Commerce Standards on the Businesses.

Step 5- Applying the results

n the final step, researcher will be applying the results into proper course of action whereby they will analyze the data for getting future results (Peffers et al. 2015).

In this particular research study, the researcher will gather detailed information and various data regarding the particular research topic from the customers of the global e-commerce companies, like – Amazon, Flipkart, Ebay and many more (Sila 2015). Therefore, in this research, the researcher will collect primary data in order to perform an accurate study of the research topic. Moreover, the primary data resources help to gather accurate and exact data from the participants (Castka and Corbett 2015).

In this research work, the researcher will perform quantitative analysis based on the data that is gathered from the primary resources that are the customers of the global e-commerce companies, who purchase goods and services from international companies through online (Carroll and Buchholtz 2014). The researcher will arrange for questionnaire survey and will distribute the questionnaires to the customers through online. On the basis of the gathered data, the researcher will perform the quantitative analysis in order to understand and analyze the problem statements clearly (Welman, Kruger and Mitchell 2015).

However, based on the nature of the research topic, the researcher cannot arrange for face-to-face or telephonic interview and also cannot implement qualitative analysis for analyzing the data (Reinharz and Davidman 2012). The reason behind this is that as the research topic is about the impact of the global e-commerce standards on the global business, thus, the researcher cannot collect primary data from the managers of the global companies (Perry 2013).           

The data that are collected from the company websites, peer reviewed journals and articles are termed as the secondary data sources. However, in this research study, the secondary data will not be sufficient for analyzing the problem statements (Newman and Benz 2013).

In order to keep the research work as well the research process simple, the researcher will gather data and information from a fixed sample size of 50 customers who purchase products from global e-commerce companies through online. Moreover, the researcher will select the participants of the questionnaire survey randomly (Marczyk, DeMatteo and Festinger 2015). Furthermore, in order to keep the entire process easy, the researcher will implement non-probability sampling technique in order to perform the research work successfully.  

It can be said that if the overall procedure of this particular research work is conducted orderly as per an accurate research procedure, then the outcomes are expected to be positive (Agarwal and Wu 2015). Moreover, the quantitative analysis of the collected data will help in gathering adequate response from the customers who buy products and attained services from the global e-commerce firms (Newman and Benz 2013). However, if these respondents co-operate accordingly with the researcher in this research process, then the data can be gathered easily and all these information will help to perform the entire research work systematically. Nevertheless, at similar time, the overall procedure of research work might knock down drastically due to the lack of values and ethical considerations. 

References

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Boone, L.E. and Kurtz, D.L., 2013. Contemporary marketing. Cengage learning.

Carroll, A. and Buchholtz, A., 2014. Business and society: Ethics, sustainability, and stakeholder management. Nelson Education.

Castka, P. and Corbett, C.J., 2015. Management systems standards: Diffusion, impact and governance of ISO 9000, ISO 14000, and other management standards. Foundations and Trends® in Technology, Information and Operations Management, 7(3–4), pp.161-379.

Cavusgil, S.T., Knight, G., Riesenberger, J.R., Rammal, H.G. and Rose, E.L., 2014. International business. Pearson Australia.

Da Costa, E., 2016. Global e-commerce strategies for small businesses. Mit Press.

Ferraro, G. and Brody, E.K., 2015. Cultural Dimension of Global Business. Routledge.

Kasemsap, K., 2015. The role of e-business adoption in the business world. RayN. DasD. ChaudhuriS. GhoshA.(Eds.), Strategic infrastructure development for economic growth and social change, pp.51-63.

Kothari, C.R., 2014. Research methodology: Methods and techniques. New Age International.

Kumar, S. and Phrommathed, P., 2015. Research methodology (pp. 43-50). Springer US.

Laudon, K.C. and Traver, C., 2016. E-Commerce 2016: Business, Technology, Society. Pearson Higher Ed.

Marczyk, G., DeMatteo, D. and Festinger, D., 2015. Essentials of research design and methodology. John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Newman, I. and Benz, C.R., 2013. Qualitative-quantitative research methodology: Exploring the interactive continuum. SIU Press.

Öztay?i, B. and Kahraman, C., 2017. Quantification of Corporate Performance Using Fuzzy Analytic Network Process: The Case of E-Commerce. In Decision Management: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications (pp. 606-637). IGI Global.

Peffers, K., Tuunanen, T., Rothenberger, M.A. and Chatterjee, S., 2015. A design science research methodology for information systems research. Journal of management information systems, 24(3), pp.45-77.

Perry, C., 2013. Processes of a case study methodology for postgraduate research in marketing. European journal of marketing, 32(9/10), pp.785-802.

Reinharz, S. and Davidman, L., 2012. Feminist methods in social research. Oxford University Press.

Ross, D.F., 2016. Introduction to e-supply chain management: engaging technology to build market-winning business partnerships. CRC Press.

Sila, I., 2015. The state of empirical research on the adoption and diffusion of business-to-business e-commerce. International Journal of Electronic Business, 12(3), pp.258-301.

Turban, E., King, D., Lee, J.K., Liang, T.P. and Turban, D.C., 2015. Electronic commerce: A managerial and social networks perspective. Springer.

United-ecommerce.de. 2017. United-ecommerce.de. [online] Available at: https://www.united-ecommerce.de/fileadmin/images/one/one-international-ecommerce/rueckblick/vortraege/GS1-GlobalStandardsECommerce.pdf [Accessed 8 Feb. 2017].

Vaidyanathan, R. and Aggarwal, P., 2015. The impact of shopping agents on small business E-commerce strategy. Journal of Small Business Strategy, 13(1), pp.62-79.

Welman, C., Kruger, F. and Mitchell, B., 2015. Research methodology (pp. 35-40). Cape Town: Oxford University Press.