Influence Of Leadership In Project Management: A Study On Leadership Styles And Competencies

Introduction: Background

Discuss about theInfluence Of Leadership In Project Management.

Today`s organizations experience numerous challenges as they try to validate their presence. Examples of experiments faced comprise of remaining competitive, increasing shareholder value, as well as sustainability. Organizations take part and execute a degree of advantages in order to attain their purposes. Thus, to attain the objectives, discovering the rights abilities and headship to carry the anticipated outcomes is always another challenge. Leadership in Indian organizations is the capability to come up with resolutions, having vigor, a sense of responsibility, confidence, as well as self-importance in expertise. Nevertheless, other researchers describe Leadership in Indian organizations as a powerful association among front-runners and supporters with intentions of causing real transformations and results that reflect their mutual purposes. It is recognized that with no vibrant headship, the task groups or teams accountable for conveyance of company goals would be in vain (Thomas, 1988). The main purpose of headship is to guarantee that there is enhancement of the company personnel and paraphernalia, to enhance excellence values, to guarantee that there is considerable quantity of provision, as well as bring self-importance of workmanship to human creatures. Leadership in Indian organizations is a worth, principles, a mind-set and a conventional of activities (Anantatmula, 2010). Leadership in Indian organizations therefore, comprises all things essential to prompt a productive transformation in project management. Project management on the other hand is presentation of information, abilities, as well as procedures to project practices in order to achieve the requirements of project. Leadership in Indian organizations in these presentations is needed so as to improve positive assignment deliverables. This can thus, only be achieved by applying diverse Leadership in Indian organizations styles and methodologies. Therefore, project managers are supposed to be competent in most or all other areas of technical project to guarantee that those responsible for projects have suitable skills to attain success for the project.  

The main center point of this research is investigate the influences that Leadership in Indian organizations has on project management. The research is justified in that project managers in engineering field, policy makers as well as researchers can use it. The study assessed the project Leadership in Indian organizations styles as an influence factor on project management. Leadership in Indian organizations style and competency are vital success aspects to a leader`s project enactment. This is because diverse assignment headship styles are suitable at diverse phases of the project lifespan succession, and the project supervisor has a Leadership in Indian organizations responsibility in establishing an operational functioning setting for the project group. Therefore, this discovery offers an opening to discover headship`s influence in enhancing project enactment and is the focus for this research. Despite the fact that headship style and proficiency are indirectly linked to the success of a project, it is contended that the headship duty is significant in simplifying diverse development achievement features that contribute to the performance of the project. Project leader`s roles and obligations to a project group and shareholders impact the project results and enactment. Therefore, all these findings lays a good justification for this research. There is more need to know more on the way Leadership in Indian organizations styles plays a significant role in project management in engineering and other areas of organization. By using this research, organizations will be in a good position to understand the significance of their Leadership in Indian organizations roles in the performance of their projects.

Problem and Justification

The main aim of the research is to investigate whether Leadership in Indian organizations in organizations has an influence of the performance of the project in engineering fields and others areas. Accordingly, the research aimed at filling up the research gaps of diverse scholars` literatures on the similar field of study.      

Research Questions

RQ1: How does Leadership in Indian organizations influence project management?

RQ2: Is there any relationship between project management performance and Leadership in Indian organizations styles?

Leadership in Indian organizations definition

Leadership in Indian organizations is known to include different elements, skills, styles, as well as features. Despite the fact that there are different Leadership in Indian organizations styles, there is need to have particular features to be effective. Leaders need to be advanced, have reverence for others, be well-mannered, thoughtful as well as take extra step above their capabilities in order for a company to be operational. Other studies declare that a frontrunner`s role in project management is to enhance performance of group members through establishing the group`s personal abilities of displaying Leadership in Indian organizations and goal settings (Trivellas & Drimoussis, 2013). A number of abilities and forms of labor are reliant on the nature of the task that is achieved and the different behaviors in a group to attain optimal yields. Other sources by Antonakis, Avolio, & Sivasubramaniam (2003) state and agree that headship is an ability that is dissimilar from other abilities that are more essential in some conditions than in others. This implies that there are specific headship styles and features recognized as being serious for fruitful project conveyance. Research shows that project administrators ought to have specific abilities that are needed to guarantee an operational administration. For instance, communication, negotiation, as well as headship skills and motivational skills are essential. The people administration element is indispensably significant for project leaders (McColl-Kennedy & Anderson, 2002). Thus, lack of an inspired group and a compassionate and thoughtful project leader, it becomes challenging for the project to be delivered successfully. Research by Muller & Turner (2007) argue that, project delivery within the given time, costs, as well as sustaining a particular quality of work, level of consumer gratification attained, and the degree of worker satisfaction attained leads to a successful project.  

In most cases, projects are employed as a way to attain a company` strategic objectives. It is clear that universal investing on projects is in the order of a large sum of money on a yearly basis. Nevertheless, despite the developments in the project administration field, the mutual experience shows that a number of assignments are never successful. In the perspective of project management, good leaders are needed to allocate suitable significance to associations, converse their morals, as well as time recompense appropriate significance to procedures. Therefore, provided the implication of project administration procedures and group associates in the victory of the project the project leader has to consider both the managing and headship roles (Geoghegan, & Dulewicz, 2008). The stress moves from one duty or the other founded on the magnitude and attributes of the task. Research reveals that headship is an imperative task in trivial business and in all engineering projects. As it is recognized, Leadership in Indian organizations and management demonstrate totally two different business ideas. Leadership in Indian organizations is recognized to be the process of developing a clear dream, sharing the dream with others as well as determining the struggles amid different people accountable for carrying out the vision of the organization (Prabhakar, 2005). On the other hand, managing is the association and harmonization of several financial assets in a commercial. Headship can therefore have a noteworthy influence on a company`s enactment as a whole and the performance of different tasks.

Research Aim

Research reveals that the idea that front-runners really have an effect on project enactment and self-esteem and that this idea is widely acceptable (Cagle, 2005). From researches carried out by various scholars with business directors, it was determined that groups needed a greater level of headship than in the past in order to make it and flourish (Chan and Chan, 2005). For instance, in some engineering jobs the duty of headship has had a significant impact. The choice to transform Leadership in Indian organizations in situations has a success or failure but in the positive side circumstances the enactment of the project group can be augmented through efficient Leadership in Indian organizations. Additional to headship creating a real dissimilarity, the perspective of these dissimilarities is also imperative. In engineering, it is prudent that the new frontrunner develops powerful legacy of competency in the businesses. This is because their information of the corporate is essential since nearly all of the chief executive officer`s in these areas ate from particularly the industry.

Transactional leader highlights on attaining project objectives at all expenses. Research shows that the transactional Leadership in Indian organizations style centers on the attainment of project objectives. In most cases, such achievements are experienced because the leader of the project team motivates the workers through contingent rewards for attaining targets set (Clarke, 2009). Accordingly, those who make mistakes are punished by not being given any rewards. In most cases, transactional leaders also apply the principals of management by exclusion through taking corrective actions when tasks do not pursue the organized critical path (Jiang, 2014). Some authors argue that some type of transactional Leadership in Indian organizations can result to mediocrity particularly when the leader uses a lot of passive management through exclusion and only gets involved when processes and criterions for accomplishing tasks are not adhered to (Burke, 2007). Furthermore, in order to bring group performance up to the required standards, transactional leaders may decide to use threats and disciplinary actions against group associates (Lloyd-Walker & Walker, 2011). However, such drastic steps may become ineffective in the end. Therefore, it can be said that there is a connection amid headship style in this case the transactional Leadership in Indian organizations style on project management. This is seen when the style is applied in the right way, workers or project team members tend to committed in achieving the required results of the project with hopes of being rewarded at the end of the project (Luthans, Norman & Hughes, 2006). Accordingly, team members become motivated thus avoiding making mistakes during the execution of the project.

Research Questions

Accordingly, there is a clear correlation amid transformational headship style and project management. Aspects of transformational Leadership in Indian organizations style comprise rational enticement model influence, stimulating motivation as well as customized attention (Turner & Müller, 2012). Thus, in transformational Leadership style, visionary and inspirational capabilities are of vital significance to project leaders as it guarantees commitment to the group tasks. Researchers argue that a leader`s stimulating motivation decreases workers’ overtiredness and withdrawal habits (Berson & Avolio, 2004). this is because when a leader`s vision is put forward in a clear and compelling way provides the member with reasons to attain the set objectives for the project. Abdullah (2009) carried out a research amongst 300 portfolio project managers in the United Kingdom to determine the impact of transformational headship style on enactment of projects. They realized that transformational Leadership style had a positive relation to the success of project. Similarly, the outcomes were consistent with the research performed by Keller (1992) who recognized a positive relationship of transformational style to performance of projects aspects of time, cost, and quality as well as consumer gratification. Nevertheless, the information was only gathered from project managers operating in the same company. Therefore, this makes the data inappropriate to simplify the findings to the whole industry. Another study carried out another scholar showed that transactional Leadership in Indian organizations style accounted for ten percent variance in project time performance and thus, the research encourages adoption of transformational Leadership style that tends to lead to greater heights of project performance (Kovács & Gergely, 2009). Therefore, from the various studies, it is clear that there is a strong relationship between headship style and project management enactment. 

The main purpose of this research was to find out the influences of headship on project management by using structured questionnaire, information was gathered from organizations that make combined scheme for this task. Furthermore their subdivisions particularly human resource section and diverse engineering sectors were involved in the project (Chaudhry & Mahmood, 2009).The surveys comprised the queries founded on management and project enactment at the level of development that is acceptable enactment. The questionnaire was supplied among the high rank experts and department including engineering, organizational development, as well as environment. The complete survey was managed by the online survey in formulated way. This made it easy to identify the Leadership in Indian organizations scheme of the organizations in deepness and summarizing the outcomes of every company concerning diverse aspects. Furthermore, secondary data was also used as another method of collecting information from various peer-reviewed sources.

Literature Review: How Leadership in Indian organizations influence project management

Analysis of information was carried out on diverse performance effecting parameters such as Leadership in Indian organizations. Statistical equipment was employed to help derive the results. Exploratory factor analysis was also used to help in handling the research questions. It was noted that when leaders inspire their team members and use their individual self-motivation to the project, it will be a significant influence on the project presentation and success. Accordingly, when a leader motivate his team associates and he is practical and supple in his Leadership in Indian organizations style, members routinely approve his style that would become an influence on the enactment of the task (Larson & Gray, 2014). Therefore, from research it can be argued that Leadership in Indian organizations demonstrates a high percentage regarding the performance and success of a project.

From research, it is obvious that a good amount of group members are not comfortable with operational scheme and demonstrated their displeasure with existing operational group`s performance. This is because employees in most cases have their individual working style and they psychologically embrace their front-runner`s directions. Furthermore, it was found that it is always challenging leaders to handle the weight at work and lacks adequate abilities to cope with it. Therefore, there is need for leaders to acquire relevant training in order to be in a good position to handle work pressure and provide good Leadership in Indian organizations to their team members since it has been recognized that good Leadership in Indian organizations has a noteworthy effect on the management of a project. Accordingly, as it was noted earlier, the research used exploratory analysis, correlational analysis as well as path analysis in carrying out the analysis. Major element study was employed as aspect abstraction approach in the study, which helps to assumes generally that the initial variables or objects are associated, and principal element analysis creates a fresh group of variables that are not correlated. The correlation between Leadership in Indian organizations and project performance was tested using path analysis.

The purpose of this research study is to examine the direct or indirect relationships between the leadership and project performance mainly in the Indian organizations. So; in order to conduct this analysis there is a requirement of identification of a suitable theoretical model that can be used to make analysis of the research questions and to present the project management process technically.

Here the below provided figure-1 depicts the conceptual model of project management performance that is based on the EFQM criteria. Here it is considered that the model presented contains the relevant factors names that are associated with project management performance analysis in relation to leadership overview.

Differences between leaders and managers in project management

A total of 300 questionnaires were sent to the project management firms and 250 completed questionnaires were received back representing the 83.33% response rate. Of these, 50 questionnaires were rendered unusable because they were largely incomplete or the answers were deemed to be inconsistent with the perceived pattern of answering.

Having conducted a preliminary analysis of the reliability of the measurement scales, the next step was the assessment of the measurement model by testing the factorial validity of the measurement model.

Table-1: PMPQ Item Parcels

Construct	Item Parcel	Variables
Leadership	Lead1	Definition of clear goals Competence of the project manager Experience of the project manager
	Lead2	Roles and responsibilities of the project manager Suitability of organization structure Leadership Style
	Lead3	Level of authority given to the project manager Client Support

Table-2: showing how a leader can influence a project through the Leadership in Indian organizations style chosen

Individual-associated aspect	Causal relationships	Impact association	Total connections
Define duties and procedures	52	8	60
Communicate expectations	21	30	51
Employ consistent processes	36	10	46
Manage outcomes	24	18	42
Establish trust	15	14	29
Facilitate support	12	10	22
TOTAL	160	90	250

(Findings from the survey)

The use of item parceling is recommended in literature as a way of reducing the number of indicator variables. Item parceling involves forming composite items from a number of items, thereby reducing the number of items while still accounting for all. In order to test the validity of the measurement model it is important to check the factor loadings for each construct. All the estimates were deemed to be within acceptable limits and of the correct sign and size. A further examination of the goodness of fit indices for the modified measurement model as presented in below table-3:

Table-3: Goodness-of-fit Indices for modified measurement model

Fit Index	Acceptable Fit	Indices for data
χ2		141.19
df		120
P	>0.05	0.09
χ2/df	< 2 to 5	1.18
RMR	<0.06	0.05
GFI	> 0.90	0.82
RMSEA	< 0.05 to 0.08	0.05
CFI	> 0.90	0.97
NNFI?	> 0.90	0.96
IFI	> 0.90	0.97

An examination of the fit indices in below provided Table-4 is concluded that the model is acceptable:

Fit Index	Acceptable Fit	Indices for data
χ2		153.95
df		128
P	>0.05	0.06
χ2/df	< 2 to 5	1.20
RMR	<0.06	0.08
GFI	> 0.90	0.81
RMSEA	< 0.05 to 0.08	0.06
CFI	> 0.90	0.96
NNFI?	> 0.90	0.95
IFI	> 0.90	0.96

So; based on the above discussed estimates it can be concluded that the leadership in a project management has significantly direct influence on the project management and its performance; as the c.r. values are increasing the threshold limit of 1.96.

Leadership in Indian organizations planning has imperative influence on project management. These variables are also confidently connected with the enactment of the project. Furthermore, the variables were operationalized through cataloging the Leadership in Indian organizations arrangement for the performance of the project. For instance, in the questionnaire, the questions were founded on aspects of Leadership in Indian organizations arrangement, degree of maturity, as well as the way it influenced the approving according the type of project. The outcomes reveal that the variables of Leadership in Indian organizations have a desirable and imperative influence on project management. The essential supposition of this research is that the final objective of the whole administrative project is to utilize their enactment and effectively execute these aspects to attain optimal outcomes. In most instances, projects fail because leaders do not put so much consideration on the value of Leadership in Indian organizations, training for workers and their degree of compensation. Therefore, from the research it was recognized that Leadership in Indian organizations is vital to offer direction to its group, controlling them professionally and toil with them to comprehend their work type and eliminate issues. On the other hand, compensation directly influences the worker`s performance on the project. From literatures researched, it was noted that there is a link amid headship style and project management as well as its performance. For instance, study carried out researchers showed that transactional Leadership in Indian organizations style accounted for ten percent variance in project time performance and thus, the research encourages adoption of transformational Leadership in Indian organizations style that tends to lead to greater heights of project performance.

Conclusions and recommendations

Addressing aims and research

The main objective of this study was to investigate whether Leadership in Indian organizations in organizations has an influence of the performance of the project in engineering fields and others areas. Therefore, the first question was concerned with how Leadership in Indian organizations influences project management. It was noted that Leadership in Indian organizations has a significant influence on project management. This is because through good Leadership in Indian organizations on a project, group members are in a good position to provide their best in meeting the set goals for the project. On the contrary, a project without good Leadership in Indian organizations is bound to fail since the members lack direction and guidance on how to meet the set objectives of the performance of the project.

Similarly, the second question intended to find out if there is any relationship between Leadership in Indian organizations and project management performance. The outcomes completely support a positive correlation between Leadership in Indian organizations styles and the success of the project. Leadership in Indian organizations styles tend to influence the way team members react towards attaining the aims of the project.  For instance, motivating Leadership in Indian organizations style tends to influence positively the team productivity as their leader’s actions and ideas motivate them. However, a Leadership in Indian organizations full of dictatorship will lead to worker`s withdrawal from the project before reaching its goals. Leaders with adequate Leadership in Indian organizations training and skills towards the project will always provide a positive direction to their team members, as they will demonstrate the work hence being the role models to the team associates.

The fulfilment of research aim was accomplished by filling the gap that other researches had not performed.

Limitations

In addition to noteworthy decision-making and academic suggestions of the outcomes, the current research also comprised some confines in its range and themes of study. For instance, the information was cross sectional meaning that it was gathered only over a solitary time. Accordingly, the research concentrated only on a solitary project instead of various projects. The information could be employed to check some other numerical and econometrics systems to attain more comprehensive decisions and suggestions. Furthermore, information was only of quantitative form and only Leadership in Indian organizations was used to discover the connection amid Leadership in Indian organizations and the performance of the project. Nevertheless, the forthcoming researches could be founded on both qualitative and quantitative form of information for great information.

Based on the conclusion, it is recommended that leaders need to be highly influential, have a sense of authority, display persistence as well as get involved in consistent people management when it comes to project management. This is because Leadership in Indian organizations is noted to be of significant influence on project management in engineering and any other field. Accordingly, in order for a project to be successful, it is highly recommended that project leaders should be in a better position to employ a comprehensive collection of approaches while considering political and interpersonal skills, like communication, negotiation, group building, as well as establishing ownership. It is also recommended that leaders should demonstrate confidence, display integrity, be role models, have a great level of energy, and establish humility. This is these features lead to good Leadership in Indian organizations, which is at the center of successful project performance.

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