Information Systems And Business Operations

Business Processes and Information Systems

1. CRM stands for customer relationship management. This is very much necessary to understand and take measures that will effectively manage the customer lifecycle. Customer relationship management follows an approach that ensures managing the company’s interaction with its potential customer and current customer. The customer’s data is being collected with the help of data analysis. The CRM helps to manage the process and this process is controlled by the people of sales department within the organization and this should be considered as the main tool. The three components of Customer relationship management are:

1. Marketing automation: It is very much necessary to understand the marketing automation. This includes taking responsibility related to managing the agents related to marketing so that they can invest their time in a better work. In order to have a good marketing software , the key features that will help in making good marketing software’s includes lead analytics and reporting, collaborative tools that involves task allocation and reporting. This also includes delivering full automated email for marketing starting from creation to execution.
2. Sales force automation: the sale force automation includes managing the opportunity, so that prospects can be tracked from all over the sales territories. Quote generation is also being done for creating the order. This is also used to manage the incentive so that the commissions can be calculated.
3. Providing customer services: it is very much necessary to understand the relationship between the customer and this should be done so that it can generate a better way of understanding with the customers. This is very much necessary to resolve the issue. This is necessary to allow the customers to manage better way of case management and great way will allow them to improve the services provided towards the customers, the customers can respond effectively, tracking can be done easily and the materials can be incurred against the cases.

2. a) There are several e policies that will help in protecting the information within the organization. These e policies needs to cover all the aspects so that the data stored within the organization can be kept secured and protected. There is a need to safeguard the information associated with online transactions, thus an organization needs a set of policies that will maintain the privacy while performing electronic transfers. This includes maintaining the privacy of customer data, code of conduct and business procedures. It is the responsibility of e-policy to outline all the features and working of the organization (McPherson and Pincus 2017). This also set rules and policies in which way the organization are allowed to collect information and in what amount. The e-policies in protecting the information includes:

Electronic transaction laws: this helps in protecting the transaction that is taking place electronically. This is very necessary to ensure that the transaction done is secured.

Policies involving use of IT systems: this involves setting rules that enables the users with laws of using and accessing the IT data and information’s. This also involves backing up data protection. This includes policies that defines the behaviour of employees and contractors (Valacich and Schneider  2015).

IT risk management and business continuity plan: this ensures that the organization have been identified all the risks that are likely to come with IT data and systems. This risk management will help in managing the risk that are likely to affect the IT Data and systems.

b. Authentication technology are used to protect the server from unauthorized access. This involves comparing the present credentials given by the user to the already existing ones. The users gets permission only once the user is being verified as authenticate one. In order to authenticating the system. The organization needs to implement passwords for ever system, using of smart card, using fingerprint or biometric method. There are two types of authentication available these are single factor authentication, two factor authentication, multi factor authentication, strong authentication, continuous authentication and digital authentication. The firewall will help in improving and protecting the information from unauthorized users and also saves the important data from hackers. This process will help in protecting the system from hackers and will improve the security provided to the users.

3.a) The essential characteristics offered by cloud computing are on demand self-service. The customer can choose cloud architecture as per their need and can pay only for the resources they are using. The main features of cloud computing includes filer versioning , automatic synchronization, the cloud server allows viewing and editing the file from cloud , security and file encryption is provided by the cloud to their customer (Laudon and Laudon 2016). The storage provided by the cloud to their customer are flexible and at an affordable price. Cloud architecture also provides reliable tech support. Cloud computing also offers better privacy and security services.

Comprehensive CRM systems

This essential characteristics includes:

On demand self-service: consumer are allowed to choose their server time and network storage and this does not requires human interaction.

Resource pooling: the computing resources are being used to provide multiple customers at a time even after having different physical level and virtual resources.

b) Disadvantages offered by cloud computing are , Firstly as the controls are in the hands of cloud provider. Thus, this becomes difficult for the user to know about the exact working. Secondly, the cloud server is vulnerable to attacks (Galliers and Leidner 2014). This is because all the components are online and thus it has the capability to expose all the details on the internet. This will lead to leak in public data. This will also lead to a rising issues related to security. Moreover the control offered is in limited quantity and does not offers much flexibility.

Yes	The services a firm is capable of providing to its customers, suppliers, and employees are a direct function of its MIS infrastructure.
No	The only service that will be affected by the quality of the MIS infrastructure is the service provided to customers.
Yes	Ideally, this infrastructure should support the firm’s business and information systems strategy.
No	This infrastructure should support the firm’s information systems strategy, regardless of the business strategy.
Yes	The above illustration focusses more than anything else on the relationship between Business Strategy and IT strategy.
Yes	The above illustration represents the centrality of MIS infrastructure and services to the achievement of firm success.
Yes	Amazon is routinely sited as the most popular online shopping site. The main reason for this is that Amazon has been in this business more than any other businesses.
Yes	Ultimately, what the firm delivers to customers, its quality, is a direct function of the power of its infrastructure.
Yes	New information technologies have a powerful impact on business and IT strategies, as well as the services that can be provided to customers.

b. this information system is based on the inventory management system. The inventory management system is being used to calculate the product details accurately (Reix et al 2016). As the table contains product description thus it is stated as the information system is following inventory management system.

5. Yes     information

Yes     research

Yes     analysis

Yes     data

Yes      input

Yes      technology

Yes      organization

Yes      output

Yes      management

Yes      processing

b. The type of information used in the diagram is payroll payment system. This is being used to manage and analyse the payments within the organization. This is also used to check the employee details and this helps in mainlining the government documents (Dobbs 2014). The organization level in which this system is used is the management level.

IS Type	Justification	Organization level
Transaction processing system	Transaction is taking place within the payroll payment system	Technical level
Management information system	The whole payroll payment system is based on management information system as the information’s are being managed in these level.	Management level

6.

Your order of choices of information systems	justifications
Inventory management system	This will help in defining the products
Payroll management system	For managing the payroll
Artificial intelligence techniques in business	This will help the organization to manage things quickly
Decision support system	This will help in taking right decision on time

a. With the implementation of information system the sharing capability of the organisation has increased (Zhao, et al 2016). The information system helps in marinating database easily and in an organized manner. The main objectives offered by information system are operational excellence, flexibility, scalability and useful data. Moreover the information system helps in improving the efficiency and helps in achieving higher profitability (Kerzner and Kerzner 2017). With the implementation of new products, business models and services the information system allows the business to avail and launch innovative products. This helps in increasing the profit and also improves the relation between customer and supplier.

b. The three information system trends influencing business interact with employees, customers, suppliers and business with employees, customers, suppliers and also includes business partners. With the help of internet and World Wide Web the components of information system can be used in a better way. With the help of information system one can store and manage a data more properly (Mathooko and Ogutu 2015).

c. The six strategic business objectives are as follows:

• Operational excellence
• New products, services and business models
• Customer and supplier intimacy
• Improved decision making
• Competitive advantage
• Survival

d. With the implementation of UPS, the sustainability benefit offered are:

• Improved brand image and competitive advantage
• Increase in the productivity and reduce in the costs
• The waste can also be reduced
• Attracting employees and investors

e. Porter’s five forces is used to analyse the framework of UPS (Burns and Dewhurst 2016). The five forces of porters are as follows:

• Threat from new entrants: the organization needs to understand the threats of new comers within the organization.
• Bargaining power of suppliers: the bargaining power of UPS also gets effected and this will also affect the suppliers.  
• Threat from substitute products: their always exist threat from the similar products produced by different organisation and it becomes necessary to develop features that will help in gaining profit.
• Rivalry among the existing players: the organization needs to determine the rivalry among the other business groups.

References

Burns, P. and Dewhurst, J. eds., 2016. Small business and entrepreneurship. Macmillan International Higher Education.

E. Dobbs, M., 2014. Guidelines for applying Porter’s five forces framework: a set of industry analysis templates. Competitiveness Review, 24(1), pp.32-45.

Galliers, R.D. and Leidner, D.E., 2014. Strategic information management: challenges and strategies in managing information systems. Routledge.

Kerzner, H. and Kerzner, H.R., 2017. Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons.

Laudon, K.C. and Laudon, J.P., 2016. Management information system. Pearson Education India.

Mathooko, F.M. and Ogutu, M., 2015. Porter’s five competitive forces framework and other factors that influence the choice of response strategies adopted by public universities in Kenya. International Journal of Educational Management, 29(3), pp.334-354.

McPherson, R.A. and Pincus, M.R., 2017. Henry’s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Miller, R.T. and Pessoa, S., 2016. Role and genre expectations in undergraduate case analysis in Information Systems. English for Specific Purposes, 44, pp.43-56.

Reix, R., Fallery, B., Kalika, M. and Rowe, F., 2016. Systèmes d’information et management. Vuibert.

Safa, M., Shahi, A., Haas, C.T., Fiander-McCann, D., Safa, M., Hipel, K. and MacGillivray, S., 2015. Competitive intelligence (CI) for evaluation of construction contractors. Automation in Construction, 59, pp.149-157.

Valacich, J. and Schneider, C., 2015. Information Systems Today: Managing in a Digital World Plus MyMISLab with Pearson eText–Access Card Package. Prentice Hall Press.

Zhao, Z.Y., Zuo, J., Wu, P.H., Yan, H. and Zillante, G., 2016. Competitiveness assessment of the biomass power generation industry in China: A five forces model study. Renewable Energy, 89, pp.144-153.