Discuss about the International Peace Management for United Nations Security Council.
The Iran nuclear deal framework was a major nuclear agreement that took place in 2015 between the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, Germany, the European Union and the Islamic Republic of Iran. The framework agreement, was to focus on Iran’s conversion of its nuclear facilities and reducing their enrichment centres only for research and development for scientific purposes. The agreement allowed the United Nations body International Atomic Energy Agency to monitor the nuclear facilities so as not to produce any military grade weapon material or any weapon of mass destruction. This deal was in the favour Iran’s economic development as this deal would allow the USA, United Nations and the European Union to lift all the economic and political sanctions from Iran (Borger). This would generate better revenues from the fields of petroleum, automobiles and other banking sectors. Transparency and abolishment of weapons of mass destruction was the chief agenda of the deal. However, the Israeli Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, recently claimed that Iran was nowhere near to the agreement and had been secretly pursuing its nuclear weapons development. US President Donald Trump, in support of Mr Netanyahu, withdrew from the nuclear framework. However, the IAEA, claimed that Iran had not violated the agreement (Murphy). The European Union backed Iran and this has created differences between the USA and the European Union. The purpose of this assignment is to look into the different matters that created this rift of opinions and propose a strategic measure to avoid an international conflict.
The sudden revelation of Israeli Prime Minister Mr Netanyahu has created a political turmoil in the world nuclear politics. The claims about the continuation of similar nuclear weapon development as Project Amad, has drawn US President Donald Trump’s attention to the scenario. Mr Netanyahu claims that Israel has retrieved 55000 pages of documents and 183 CDs as a proof of Iran’s secretive project and they have shared it with the USA for justification and would submit to the IAEA and the European Union in the future (bbc.com). However, this type of allegations can be seen as a political theatre which has often been used in the world politics. The rivalry between Israel and Iran is a well-known fact and it has triggered different conflicts earlier. The military problem in Syria is one of the main reasons for the tension between these two countries. Israel has been constantly disturbed by Iran’s military presence in Syria, and has always voiced up allegations against Iran for providing military assistance to Lebanese militant group Hezbollah and helping Palestine against Israel.
The revelation by Mr Netanyahu might be a political response to the above mentioned matters as these might draw international attention to Iran’s strength and indirectly curb it rise to power. The political act might already have been successful as the recent airstrikes in Syria, destroying its chemical plants have claimed a number of Iranian lives and dealt a blow to the Iranian power (reuters.com). Israel itself has carried out surgical airstrikes and the revelation can be used as a mere tool of this justification.
The debate is long one, as the Iranian Foreign Minister has constantly denied these claims as false and unjustified without any concrete proof (bbc.com). This called in for further investigations about the sudden political turmoil created by Israel against Iran.
The USA had been most vocal in carrying out the 2015 agreement and influenced the United Nations and the European Union to carry out the deal in order to curb Iran’s rise to nuclear power (nytimes.com). The 2003 Project Amad was a major concern as Iran showed a meteoric rise to nuclear power. However, the 2015 agreement created a barrier to limit Iran’s nuclear research for scientific purposes only. Israel’s claims about Iran, triggered President Donald Trump to withdraw from the 2015 deal. President Trump had been sceptical about the ‘Obama-era’ deal and used Israel’s claims to quickly withdraw from the deal (bbc.com). However, the decision might be haste and required further investigations before taking place. Going against the European allies is not to be seen as a positive move for the USA as these creates a political rift between nations which had been responsible for maintaining world peace since the Second World War.
The statements by Iran’s president Hassan Rouhani about US not adhering to its commitments (cbsnews.com) has already drawn sympathy from the members of the European Union and other permanent members of the Security Council. President Hassan Rouhani has also given hints that if the USA alleges false statements against Iran, adhering to Israel’s claims without proper investigation and proof, Iran would back out from the deal itself and work on development of nuclear arms to be prepared for any action by the USA (aljazeera.com). These creates potential for future conflicts which needs to be avoided at the highest priority.
The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), amidst all these turmoil claimed that Iran was complying by the nuclear deal of the 2015 and has remained within its limits of uranium extraction and enrichment (cbsnews.com). These reports creates a further tension about the justification of President Trump’s withdrawal from the crucial nuclear deal without any concrete evidence. However, it suggested that more co-operation and access from Iran would enhance the inspections and help IAEA produce a better report.
IAEA has constantly defended Iran’s cause and the deal and has always seen it as the world’s most concrete verification agreement. The Agency’s visits to all the energy sites and nuclear facilities of Iran has facilitated IAEA’s confidence and the implementation of the deal. The various reports by the IAEA has confirmed again and again that there has been no change in Iran’s nuclear behaviour in the recent past. These reports seem to have pacified the members of the European Union (Francois), however, President Trump still remains sceptical. He claims that the many of the restrictions have lapsed with time and does not address Iran’s role in military conflicts in Syria (Holpuch).
President Trump should not confuse his ideas and should be more focused on discussing it with his European counterparts before taking such decisions so as to avoid potential conflicts and rivalry.
The European Union has been patient and shown support to Iran based on the reports by the IAEA. French President Emmanuel Macron and Russian President Vladimir Putin in a press conference backed the report by the IAEA about Iran’s satisfactory nuclear programmes and were of the view of not taking any harsh decisions against Iran (time.com). Contrary to Trump’s views the European Union’s foreign policies and counties like France, Britain and Germany said that they would respect the 2015 deal and continue to help Iran by keeping their oil investments in the country and would go to any measures to provide Iran the other economic help that they deserved (reuters.com). Iran’s president in response welcomed such ideas and encouraged the European Union to continue and safeguard the policies towards Iran.
These political developments have already created minor rift between the USA and European Union leadership. The European Union still believes that the nuclear deal is the best way to stop Iran from developing nuclear weapons (reuters.com) and USA should be more patient in moving away from such an important deal. The European Union believes that Iran’s military presence in Syria is a major concern as expressed by President Trump, but considers it to be a separate issue which has to be dealt separately in a different policy. They are committed to co-operating with the USA on such issues (reuters.com), but drawing away from the 2015 deal seems to be irrelevant and can cause more harm than benefit.
The European Union’s more patient outlook with the present political tension seems to be one of the best deals as The French President has already initiated discussions on Iran’s missile programs and its role in the military crisis in Syria which seemed to provide a potential beneficial outcome. However, USA seems adamant in its views as US secretary of state Mike Pompeo believes that USA would withdraw from the deal if the European partners could not convince them of the possible outcomes to be beneficiary.
The nuclear deal of 2015 was a major agreement which focused on limiting Iran’s nuclear development to only research and development for scientific purposes. Jeopardising such an important deal by the US President Donald Trump on allegations by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu seems to put the USA on a collision of political interests with its European allies and Iran itself.
The USA should review its ideas about the collapse of the nuclear deal and constantly discuss with the European Union to develop a more sustainable approach towards the policy. Former President Barack Obama has already criticized the move and said that the deal was favourable to the US interests. The Russian government also seems to be disappointed by the US policy. These type of political collision could be avoided if the USA reconsiders its decision.
However, the present decision by the USA has triggered support from Iran’s regional rivals such as Israel and Saudi Arabia. This promotes future rivalry and political uprising for the future. Reconsideration and reforming the deal with new sustainable clauses can develop a more peaceful outcome which can result in satisfying interests for all the parties.
The USA has always received support from its European allies but making such moves on mere allegations by Israel might draw their interests away from USA’s favour in further decisions. Moreover, a hostile diplomatic environment might be created between the leadership of the European allies and the USA which can result in future turmoil. Discussion with the European powers and respecting their values might regain the favour for USA and can stop the political disturbance that has been triggered.
Conclusion:
The recent claims by Israel about Iran’s secretive nuclear policy has created a huge political tension. However, from the above discussion it can be seen that there are several ways in which the disturbance could have been avoided. Israel’s allegations seems to be weak as it has not yet provided the claimed documents to the United Nations or the IAEA for verification. USA’s decision on such weak allegations have jeopardised the nuclear deal that had been in effect since 2015 and has triggered Iranian response to create nuclear arms in future if they are humiliated like these. The European Union has taken a more patient decision to believe in the reports by the IAEA and decided to continue their support towards Iran until the allegations are proved. Such decisions help to avert international crisis and USA should discuss the matters with the European powers and reconsider its decision as of now. Finally, the discussion concludes that USA should adopt a more sustainable approach and reinstate its support towards the deal as of now until further investigations are completed. This move would decrease the political tensions and let the super powers develop a different approach to tackle with possible political crisis in the future.
Reference:
aljazeera.com. “EU Takes Step To Protect Iran Nuclear Deal”. Aljazeera.Com, 2018, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/06/eu-takes-step-protect-iran-nuclear-deal-180606135159424.html. Accessed 20 June 2018.
aljazeera.com. “Rouhani: US To Face Historic Regret If Nuclear Deal Ends”. Aljazeera.Com, 2018, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/05/rouhani-face-historic-regret-nuclear-deal-ends-180506062830153.html. Accessed 20 June 2018.
bbc.com. “Iran Hits Back At Israel Over Nuclear Claim”. BBC News, 2018, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-43960836. Accessed 20 June 2018.
bbc.com. “Israel Says Iran Hid Nuclear Arms Work”. BBC News, 2018, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-43952196. Accessed 20 June 2018.
bbc.com. “Trump Pulls US Out Of Iran Deal”. BBC News, 2018, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-44045957. Accessed 20 June 2018.
Borger, Julian. “Iran Nuclear Deal: World Powers Reach Historic Agreement To Lift Sanctions”. The Guardian, 2015, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jul/14/iran-nuclear-programme-world-powers-historic-deal-lift-sanctions. Accessed 20 June 2018.
cbsnews.com. “Iran Complying With Nuclear Deal, IAEA Says”. Cbsnews.Com, 2018, https://www.cbsnews.com/news/iran-complying-nuclear-deal-iaea-says-donald-trump-united-nations/. Accessed 20 June 2018.
cbsnews.com. “Iranian President Slams Trump For Pulling U.S. Out Of Nuclear Deal; World Leaders React”. Cbsnews.Com, 2018, https://www.cbsnews.com/news/iranian-president-hassan-rouhani-slams-trump-nuclear-deal-announcement-today-2018-05-08/. Accessed 20 June 2018.
Holpuch, Amanda. “Donald Trump Says US Will No Longer Abide By Iran Deal – As It Happened”. The Guardian, 2018, https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2018/may/08/iran-nuclear-deal-donald-trump-latest-live-updates. Accessed 20 June 2018.
Murphy, Francois. “Iran Complying With Nuclear Deal, But Could Do Better: IAEA”. Reuters, 2018, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-nuclear-iaea/iran-complying-with-nuclear-deal-but-could-do-better-iaea-idUSKCN1IP2IR. Accessed 20 June 2018.
nytimes.com. “The Iran Nuclear Deal: What You Need To Know”. Nytimes.Com, 2015, https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/04/world/middleeast/the-iran-nuclear-deal-what-you-need-to-know.html. Accessed 20 June 2018.
reuters.com. “Britain, France And Germany Agree On Support For Iran Nuclear Deal”. U.S., 2018, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-nuclear-britain/britain-france-and-germany-agree-on-support-for-iran-nuclear-deal-idUSKBN1I00GE. Accessed 20 June 2018.
reuters.com. “Exclusive: European Powers Propose New Iran Sanctions To Meet Trump…”. U.S., 2018, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-iran-eu-exclusive/exclusive-european-powers-propose-new-iran-sanctions-to-meet-trump-ultimatum-idUSKCN1GS2A7. Accessed 20 June 2018.
reuters.com. “Four Iranian Fighters Killed In Air Strike On Syrian Air Base”. U.S., 2018, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-iran/four-iranian-fighters-killed-in-air-strike-on-syrian-air-base-idUSKBN1HG1XT. Accessed 20 June 2018.
time.com. “Http://Time.Com”. Time, 2018, https://time.com/5289765/macron-putin-iran-nuclear-deal/. Accessed 20 June 2018.
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