On 15th may 2018 I visited the county Court of Victoria. The court is located at to 50 William Street Melbourne Victoria 3000 Australia. The court opens at 9 A.M and anyone who wants to witness that case in this phone has to be present their sharp by 9:30 A.M. I got this information about the court from the official website of the county Court of Victoria. There were various security checks entrance of the court which any person who wants to enter the court has to clear. I reached the court at 9:15 A.M. the county Court is the principal Court of trial in Victoria. There various people present in the court. Out of various people I noticed during my Court visit included the judges, the tipstaff, barristers, the parties to the case and the general members of the public like me. When I visited the court room there was judge was sitting just before the bench of the judge. When the judge arrived wearing his professional attire every person in the court room expressed their gratitude towards the chair by standing up. This is one of the very basic Court etiquettes every person visiting the court must know. After the tip staff there was a bench where the lawyers of both the parties to the case was sitting together. They were also dressed in their professional attire which was the black suit. After the lawyers, were positioned the parties to the case which are the plaintiff and the defendant. In this case the plaintiffs were directors of the public prosecutors and the accused were Amanda Warren and Caris Underwood. This was the case in which an appeal had been made before the county court from the magistrate Court. The Appeal was in relation to a sentence which had been imposed by the magistrate Court of a 4 months imprisonment along with the twelve months community correction order on the accused. The sentence had been provided with respect to a charge of causing injury to an emergency work intentionally. On the other hand the second defendant had made an appeal because she had been provided a sentence which included 8 months of imprisonment and 12 months of community collection order. She has been found guilty of causing injury to an emergency worker intentionally and also handling stolen goods and causing criminal damages. The court had finally called the appellant in the Witness box for the purpose of making the decision. The proceedings were conducted by a lady judge. She was very Stern and at the same time very attentive. She had been having conversation with the appellants and the Counsel at the same time while trying to understand the point of view of both parties. She was very determinant towards understanding the position of the appellants where they had committed the crime. After going through all evidence and witnesses she decided to reject the appeal and did not take into consideration any emotional factor which was present in the situation as the appellants had broken down emotionally before her. I had prior knowledge about the rules and regulations which I needed to follow inside the court room therefore I had already switched off my mobile phone and installed that I do not indulge into any eating or drinking while the conversation was going on between the parties to the case and the judge. The respondents in this case for providing arguments against the Appeal made by the appellant and had a view that it should be rejected. All arguments which was presented by the Council of the respondent war based on legal rules. The Counsel when having very polite conversations with the judge unlike what we see in the movies. The judge was also explaining to the appellant that why the arguments made by the respondents were legally correct.
The experience which I had with respect to my first Court visit in the county Court of Victoria was amazing. I got a totally new picture of how actually functions are carried out within a court. The court does not take into consideration any emotional factor but only relies on evidence to make decisions. The judge was very sympathetic towards the appellant but did not upheld the appeal made by them. This experience would help me in my career as I will have to visit the court many more times.
The term Mass spectrometry is the process or an analytical technique through which chemical species are ionized and ions based on their mass to change ratio are sorted (Gu and Xiao 2015). There are five steps to be followed to complete the process
In layman’s terms the process of mass spectrometry can be defined as a way in which the mass within a sample can be measured. The process is applied in many fields and helps to find out the mass in both pure as well as complex mixture samples.
The technique of Layer Chromatography includes migration of liquid sample through capillarity via a absorbent medium like a silica gel or alumina set up in a thin layer which is placed on a rigid support (Adams 2017)
This is the process which is used for the purpose of separating a mixture in simple individual components. The procedure involves plates having a silica layer which may be provided support by a glass or plastic piece. The coating of silica is called the stationary phase.
Chen, H., Chang, K., Men, X., Sun, K., Fang, X., Ma, C., Zhao, Y., Yin, S., Qin, W. and Wu, C., 2015. Covalent patterning and rapid visualization of latent fingerprints with photo-cross-linkable semiconductor polymer dots. ACS applied materials & interfaces, 7(26), pp.14477-14484.
Fingerprints are one of the most essential evidences for forensic experts. There are several techniques which are used for the purpose of fingerprint imaging. The article states that fingerprint recognition and imaging represents the most crucial approach in relation to identification of a person. In this article the researchers have synthesized and design oxetane-functionalized semiconductors polymer dots in order to indulge in rapid visualization and covalent patterning of latent fingerprints. The large stokes shifts, the high fluorescence brightness along with the brilliant surface characteristics ofoxetane-functionalized semiconductors polymer dots results in high sensitivity and resolution in relation to fingerprint imaging. Through the implementation of this method within minutes fingerprint rigid structures having the first, second and third levels are clearly developed. The method is robust and facile in relation to the visualization of fingerprints on various kinds of services which includes surfaces like plastic, metal and glass. In addition the groups of oxetane in the OX-P dots go through reactions which are cross linking which have been provoked by short time UV irradiation and yield 3-D intermolecular polymer network. The fingerprint patterns which resulted out of using the method depict unmatched stability as compared to traditional p dots in relation to rigorous treatment. It is shown by the results of this article that Ox-P dots have a great potential and hold a promise in relation to latent fingerprint imaging as well as fluorescence anti-counterfeiting use.
The Locard’s exchange principles in relation to forensic science provides that the perception of a criminal activity is going to get something from outside into the Crime Scene and also take something from the Crime scene with it and both these things can be used as a forensic evidence. The principal is based on the findings that “every contact leave a trace”. The principal has been described by Locard as follows:
Whenever a person steps in, whatever is touched by him, whatever is left even in an unconscious manner will act as a discreet witness against such person. This not only includes his footprint all fingerprint but also the fibres from his clothes, his hair, the tool mark he leaves, the glass he breaks, the blood or semen he deposits or collects and the paint he scratches. All such things along with other things constitute a silent witness against him. This is the form of evidence which does not forget. The evidence is also not confused through the excitement of movements. This is also present where human witnesses are absent. It is described as factual evidence. Physical evidence cannot be proved wrong and it cannot be absent wholly. Its value can only be diminished by human failure to find study and understand it (Musselman 2017).
Items of evidence on which the Locard’s Exchange Principle are applicable
References
Adams, R.P., 2017. Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. 5 online ed. Texensis Publishing.
Musselman, B.D., IONSENSE Inc, 2017. Apparatus and method for rapid chemical analysis using differential desorption. U.S. Patent 9,558,926.
Chen, H., Chang, K., Men, X., Sun, K., Fang, X., Ma, C., Zhao, Y., Yin, S., Qin, W. and Wu, C., 2015. Covalent patterning and rapid visualization of latent fingerprints with photo-cross-linkable semiconductor polymer dots. ACS applied materials & interfaces, 7(26), pp.14477-14484.
Engineering,(ICEESE 2015), May 30-31, 2015, Guangzhou, China (p. 291). CRC Press.
Gu, B. and Xiao, H., 2015, November. An analytical method of fludioxonil technical material by high performance liquid chromatography. In Advances in Energy Equipment Science and Engineering: Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy Equipment Science and
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