Strategic Elements:
Performance Elements:
The study also discovers greater amount strategic elements relating to resources and relationship framework element.
Further conclusion:
Alignment to PWC integrated reporting framework:
The degree of disclosure made by the SCA from the 2017 reporting is in compliance with organizational health and performance elements that are contained in the PWC Value framework. The framework provides the readers to establish a greater extent of comprehension while determining the organizations performance.
Accessibility:
The majority of PWC framework is easily accessible in the report as in many occasions it was presented with qualitative and graphical representation.
Comprehensiveness:
A greater amount of insight is provided for the understanding of the users of the SCA in key business areas this includes;
Limitations:
The study that is performed possess limitations and this includes;
Report Critique
Reporting Characteristics that drive “Competitive” element:
The company has made intensive investment to improve the competitiveness. The company’s competitive strategies are easily accessible and is communicated extensively (Scott 2015). SCA has created value through strategic and careful application of the investment. The strategies are aligned to develop the products and trim down the costs as this helps in maintaining the competitiveness and profitability of the company. The company has created a higher level of competitiveness to deliver the higher quality products that are in demand.
The competitiveness element of the SCA is unmistakably lay down the growth objectives of the company to increase the revenue of the company and profits each year (Robson, Young and Power 2017). The company further takes steps in communicating how well it has achieved a mix of organic growth following the cost reductions and higher degree of competitiveness that drives growth in profitability.
Conclusion and Strength
CSA competitiveness policy of the business is extensively communicated and it is prominent with the reporting element. The competitiveness policy of the SCA is clearly articulated and prominent with the information that is provided in the report (Schaltegger and Burritt 2017). It helps in offering a significant amount of depth in how the management of the company operate or manages its business to improve profitability and cutting down costs. The performance is interrelated with the objective of SCA goals. The overall quality of the competitiveness reporting is good.
Reporting Critique:
Reporting characteristics that drive the Regulatory and Geopolitical framework element:
Extensiveness & Accessibility:
The company provides legal and regulatory requirements regarding the responsibility of the auditors (Macve 2015). The regulatory and geopolitical requirements include examinations of the corporate governance structure. The majority of the information is based on the audit of the administrations, discharge of opinions with reasonable degree of assurance from the managing director and board of directors.
Comprehensiveness:
The comprehensiveness of the geopolitical information is not stated and the regulatory information is limited to only internal audit procedures (Williams 2014). There is an absence of the geopolitical information with limited number of regulatory information regarding the assessment of the corporate governance statement.
Conclusion & Strength:
Whilst there is no such existence of information of the geopolitical information in the annual report, however there is a significant detail regarding the regulatory and legal requirements. The overall quality of the regulatory reporting of CSA is bad.
Reporting Critique:
Reporting characteristics that drive the Technical framework element:
Extensiveness & Accessibility:
There is no such information relating to the technical related aspects in the 2017 annual report of the SCA (Warren and Jones 2018). Being the global firm the company has not reported much regarding the technical information with the quality of the reporting.
Comprehensiveness:
There is no such detail incorporation of the information in the annual report regarding the technical aspects (Hoyle, Schaefer and Doupnik 2015). The report at no stage provide technical information relating internal system and procedures.
Conclusion:
Notably, the information of technical aspect is not expressed strategically and the quality of the reporting in technical areas is ugly.
Reporting Critique:
The characteristics of report that drives the strategic & objective element of framework are;
Extensiveness and Accessibility:
The corporate and strategic objectives of SCA are accessible easily and comprehensively (Balakrishnan, Watts and Zuo 2016). SCA has comprehensively communicated both the qualitative as well as quantitative characteristics throughout its annual report of 2017. The strategy communicated by the company possess prominent information for the readers.
Comprehensiveness:
The strategic review conducted by the Chief Executive is associated with the growth of the organizations, financial models and customer emphasis (Henderson et al. 2015). It places emphasis on the reporting of;
By placing focus on the previous year performance, the chief executive has offered a qualitative view of growth outlook for the overseas expansion as well.
Conclusion and Strength:
SCA Company’s objective are communicated extensively and measured in the annual report. While there is a lower amount of emphasis has been placed by SCA on the long run performance, the quality of information and strategic objective is presented in a good manner.
Reporting Critique:
Reporting Characteristics that drive the element of Business Model:
A clear explanation has been provided by the business to create value in context of the interrelated business performance element.
Extensiveness and Accessibility:
The business model of the company is precisely communicated through the entire page diagram inside the integrated value chain and value creation that is easily accessible through the contents of reference page (Lee and Parker 2014). Each of the culture element provides an indication that where additional information on the topic that can be sought inside the report.
Comprehensiveness:
The graphical representation of the SCA business model lay down the objective of growth with production facilities located close to the forest holdings. It takes the further steps by contributing towards the sustainable society with a mix of organic growth (Lins, Servaes and Tamayo 2017). To support the business model of SCA the company has listed interrelated performance elements to further offer the organizations drive towards sustainable growth.
Conclusion & Strength:
The business model of SCA is clearly articulated and prominent with the report. It provides a significant depth in the SCA management of business operations (Wang, Dou and Jia 2016). The objective of SCA is interrelated with the performance that drives the growth towards the sustainable expansion. The quality of reporting the business model is good.
Reporting Critique:
Reporting characteristics that drive PWC Governance framework element:
Extensiveness and Accessibility:
The governance report of the SCA is communicated under the corporate governance segment of the report that is easily accessible through the content page (Dutta and Patatoukas 2016). This helps in demonstrating the degree of accountability and degree of transparency to all the readers of report. The report corporate governance report evidently explains the structure of governance and its interdepending sub-committee.
Comprehensiveness:
The breadth of the information and gravity of transparency that is contained inside the corporate governance report s higher across the areas that are prescribed inside the framework of PWC (Qiu, Shaukat and Tharyan 2016). The examples are listed below;
|
Sub-Report |
Depth and transparency of reporting |
|
Corporate governance report(Summary) |
a. Compliance with the code of conduct b. Total number of board meetings c. Activities of board all through the year |
|
Nomination Committee |
a. Provides amendments to the constitution of board |
|
Remuneration Committee Report |
a. Details regarding the committee members b. Key issues and activities that are undertaken |
Conclusion and strength:
The corporate governance report provides the commitment and accountability as well as the transparency of reporting to shareholders (Kim, Kim and Qian 2018). The corporate governance report offers wide range of information on how the organization performed against the accountabilities. The overall quality of reporting of SCA Governance is good.
Reporting Critique:
Reporting characteristics that drive PWC Risk Management framework element:
Extensiveness and Accessibility:
Risk and Risk Management is the section in which SCA reports its risk management. The risk management can be accessed easily thorough the content page (Saeidi et al. 2015). The risk management of SCA provides as four page updates to offers its readers with the easily understandable tables that provides explanations relating to the risk faced and how they are administered.
SCA has extensively communicated the risk faced by the business and uncertainties in its operations (Lu et al. 2014). The table below provides the breadth of the reporting that is associated with the SCA business strategy;
|
Depth of reporting |
Communication |
Description of focus |
|
Strategic objective |
Qualitative |
Area of emphasis on the organizations business model |
|
Risk description |
Qualitative |
Qualitative business risk description |
|
Movement |
Qualitative |
Management perception on how to pre-mitigate the risks |
|
Probable Impact |
Qualitative |
Qualitative description of impact |
|
Mitigations |
Qualitative |
Mitigation of SCA risk addressed in the report |
Apart from the description of risk management strategies the shortfall that has been identified is the movement metric reporting. The year on year comparison also lacks in this respects.
Conclusion and Strength:
SCA communication relating to the risk administration is outlined clearly and it is addressed inside the annual report (Flammer 2015). The table provides an outlines of the business principles risks and uncertainties to its readers comprehensively. The quality of reporting for SCA risk is good.
Reporting Critique:
Reporting characteristics that drive PWC Remuneration framework element:
SCA provides communication on how the company’s senior management are rewarded. This includes;
Extensiveness and Accessibility:
The remuneration of the senior executive plans and policies are communicated elaborately all through the remuneration committee reports (Trumpp and Guenther 2017). The reference to the remuneration committee report can be easily access through the contents page.
Remuneration Committee Report comprises of the following;
Comprehensiveness:
The remuneration report of SCA is in agreement with the objectives stated by the PWC element of remuneration (Lin, Chang and Dang 2015). The details are enumerated below;
The remuneration charts of SCA offers the estimations of probable future value and rewards for the executive directors of the company with potential split among the numerous elements of different performance scenarios namely the fixed, on-target and maximum (Tricker and Tricker 2015).
Conclusion and Strength:
The remuneration policies and performance of the SCA is clearly explained inside the remuneration committee report. The report significantly provides the depth of reporting on how the senior executives are reported. The overall quality of SCA remuneration reporting is good.
Reporting Critique:
Reporting characteristics that drive PWC Financial Assets framework element:
Extensiveness and Accessibility:
In contrast to the other framework of the PWC framework the information relating to financial assets is considered to be difficult to access and it is reported in spares (Armstrong et al. 2015). The first time information relating to financial assets is provided in context of the financial instrument that is referred inside the notes section in page 66 of the report. For an international firm, it is necessary to provide an extensive information on the financial assets and policies such as debts and other financial instrument that is used.
Comprehensiveness:
The financial instrument notes provide the details regarding the organizations treasury policy that looks to reduce the financial risks and make sure that appropriate level of liquidity of the company’s operations and strategic objectives (Du Plessis, Hargovan and Harris 2018). They also explain that there are derivative financial instruments that is used and no trading or speculative business transactions are taken in the financial instrument.
There is no such reporting of currency risks or targets indicators of the past performance is provided of the financial assets.
Conclusion and strength:
SCA financial assets are communicated poorly and are measured inside the financial statement and notes and more widely inside the document. The company has placed less focus on reporting of performance of assets and plays a vital part in the establishing the health of the organization. The overall quality of the reporting of asset information is ugly.
Reporting Critique:
Reporting characteristics that drive PWC Environmental framework element:
Extensiveness and Accessibility:
Explanation relating to the physical assets measurement techniques that is used in the SCA annual report is accessed easily by referring to the accounting policies on the content page (Ioannou and Serafeim 2017). The accounting policies on page 93 places primary emphasis on the yearly amended standards and the interpretation, recognition of assets and financial supporting computations.
Comprehensiveness:
The SCA reporting of property, plant and equipment is viewed as extensive. The below stated points are communicated below for each assets types;
The reporting however lacks the reporting of the depreciation rates that is used based on the scrap or the re-sale value.
Conclusion and strength:
The company has significantly communicated details to support its computation of fixed assets. Overall quality of the SCA physical asset information is considered as good for the readers.
Reporting Critique:
Reporting characteristics that drives the PWC customer framework element:
Extensiveness and Accessibility:
There is not such specific mentioning of customers within the Annual report of SCA. The company has provided a country wise segment information representing customers in the market and this is easily accessible (Berger, Imbierowicz and Rauch 2016.). Major part of customer’s information is provided based on geographical basis.
Comprehensiveness:
Widely speaking, the comprehensiveness of the geographic segments is viewed to be extensive. The below listed are the key quantitative performance measures;
|
Customer based geographic revenue expansion |
Revenue growth analysis provided a. Yearly change in net sales b. Percentage of the overall SCA revenue |
Conclusion & Strength:
The presentation of the customer specific information is not included into the annual report, however the report provides a significant details of the geographical trends, locations and outlook for the customers. The overall presentation of the SCA customer reporting can be considered as bad.
Reporting critique:
Reporting characteristics that drives the PWC “People and Culture” framework element:
Extensiveness and Accessibility:
Under the operations segment of the SCA report, that can be easily accessed through the contents page there are number of measures highlighted by SCA regarding the People & Culture performance component (ArAs 2016). This comprises of;
Comprehensiveness:
The breadth of the people and culture reporting is considered to extensive as the information provided is both the quantitative and qualitative that is associated with the performance of SCA (Davies 2016). The company provides that 20% of the women are involved in the senior management. The company has reported the gender ratios with 18% share of women in the group.
Conclusion and strength:
The reporting of SCA people and culture information is termed as good. The quality of information has depth and it is in the direction of the performance and values that are created through their numerous policies.
Reporting Critique:
Reporting characteristics that drives the PWC “Innovation G & S” framework element:
Extensiveness and Accessibility:
SCA push towards being the global leader is markedly expressed inside the company’s business performance strategy and it is extensively communicated all through the document however there is no such specific reference to the innovations that is made by the company in the contents page.
Comprehensiveness:
The innovations section of the chief executive strategic review is the most comprehensiveness and consolidated reporting of SCA innovation performance (Cheng, Ioannou and Serafeim 2014). The company however at no stage providers any budgeting or the target information to lend support in their reporting of innovation performance. There is no such reporting of innovation in the internal system and procedures.
Conclusion and strength:
SCA innovations towards the goods and service is lacks the coverage of measurement against the business performance. There is no such focus is placed on the long run or midterm business targets. The company has though expressed innovations strategically but the quality of reporting is ugly.
Reporting Critique:
Reporting characteristics that drives the PWC “Innovation G & S” framework element:
Extensiveness and Accessibility:
The company has surprisingly reported very little on the brand recognition and has no such reporting of the intellectual property assets. The only reference that is made is the by addressing under the “value building” is related to the company strong development of the brand among the customers and shareholders (Larcker and Tayan 2015). The information is not easily accessible to the readers.
Comprehensiveness:
The SCA research and development and intellectual property strategy does not takes into the consideration any performance related information (De Villiers, Rinaldi and Unerman 2014). It has not reported any specific protection to the intellectual property and building competitive advantage through patent and technology.
Conclusion:
The overall quality of reporting for SCA Brands and Intellectual Assets is considered to be Ugly.
Reporting Critique:
Reporting characteristics that drives the PWC “Processes & Supply” framework element:
Internal processes and supply chain attributes:
Extensiveness & Accessibility:
The company has included very minimum amount of process and supply chain information (Papa, Peters and Schacht 2016). The company has not addressed any clear supply chain information. In respect to the internal procedure of SCA internal procedure the company has not reported any substance related to processes and supply chain.
Comprehensiveness:
SCA did not reported any form of process and supply chain performance however some elements were present in the annual report that would provide value to the readers;
Conclusion & Strength:
The SCA process and supply chain reporting is considered as ugly since the company has not included in the annual report to increase the organizations value and reporting to users.
Reporting characteristics that drives the PWC “Operational Performance” framework element:
Extensiveness and Accessibility:
The organizations performance indicators offer higher level of overview regarding the operational performance of the SCA (Lueg et al. 2016). While the PWC framework reference details provides the details metrics on the cost information that were more suited to the internal management report as opposed to the public nature of the yearly report studied.
Comprehensiveness:
SCA provides significant details relating to the nature of the performance and some of them is stated below
|
Comment |
Performance of the KPI inside the reporting period |
|
2016 Target |
The target is used to measure the performance |
|
Remuneration link |
The performance indicators provides the computation of the annual bonus plan |
Conclusion and Strength:
It can be stated that SCA has not provided in depth reporting as prescribed by the PWC framework but the operational performance reporting of the company was good.
Reporting Critique:
Reporting characteristics that drives the PWC “Economic Performance” framework element:
Communication of economic performance that includes, financial statements, income statement, consolidated balance sheet and free cash flows.
Extensiveness and Accessibility:
SCA financial performance has been reported in the annual report and it is easily accessible within the yearly report. The company vital performance metrics has been communicated in the page 8 that draws the attention of the readers with additional details in the financial statement sections (Council 2015). To support the financial performance each accounts of company is provided in the notes section and scattered throughout the report.
Comprehensiveness:
Each of the financial performance statements provides a comparative understanding of current and previous year performance that allows the readers to understand the trends in performance (Yermack 2017). To offer more granular view an insight into the financial performance statement is constructed that includes the next additional information;
Conclusion and strength:
The economic performance of the SCA has been evidently stated and prominent with the annual report (Soltani and Maupetit 2015). It provides the readers to gain a significant understanding into the business performance that is supported by complementary the financial notes. The overall quality of SCA reporting is of economic health is considered as good.
Reporting Critique:
Reporting Characteristics that drive “Social framework element:
Extensiveness & Accessibility:
SCA reporting of the social element creates an effect as the portion of the broader corporate social responsibility report.
Comprehensiveness:
SCA has reported four areas of environmental performance which includes
Conclusion and strength:
The company has included the elements of social performance in its corporate responsibility report to state the commitment of the organizations towards the social performance and its transparency. While the measures are reported but it is not reported against the target benchmarks. This provides the readers with the little measures and the overall quality of social performance information is bad.
Reporting Characteristics that drive “Environmental” element:
Analysis and Accessibility:
Identical to the social framework element, SCA reporting relating to its environmental impact in included as the portion of the broader corporate social responsibility report in page 130 of the annual report (Christensen et al. 2015). The most significant aspects of the environmental reporting is the environmental attributes is the full one page carbon footprint information relating to the emission of carbon that were incurred and related to the commentary.
Comprehensiveness:
The organization reports on the five main areas of its environmental performance
Conclusion and Strength:
The report provides a depth in reporting of each product segment that contributes to the overall fuel emission of the company. The environmental reporting is held as the element that is used to improve the segmental reporting and the overall quality of the reporting of CSA is good and provides a better value to the reader.
Reporting Critique:
Reporting Characteristics that drive “Segmental” element:
SCA segmental performance are comprehensively stated in the annual report based on geographical reporting and business units which places emphasis on the internal value creation and operating performance.
Analysis & Accessibility:
The product segment of SCA is comprehensively communicated both in terms of qualitative and quantitative all through the annual report (Trotman, Carson and Gibbins 2015). Performance relating to each segment is evidently presented in the annual report in the very first section of the report.
Comprehensiveness:
Each segmental sector review encompasses the following information:
|
Depth of reporting |
Description of focus |
|
Performance indicators |
Growth in revenue Growth in profitability Segmental revenue growth |
|
Performance |
Annual segmental performance |
|
Geographic trends |
Underlying overall growth drivers |
Conclusion and Strength:
The details that has been provided by CSA in each of the product segment is referred as very extensive. It offers its readers with the good mix of the historical context, performance targets, relevance to the organizations performance and future outlook to the readers to create value. The quality of segmental reporting information is considered as good.
The concept of materiality can be defined as the understanding of the information that requires to be disclosure as the omission or the misstatement of information which would misinform the stakeholder namely the investors (Downs 2017). CSA has addressed what its investors is required to know in the two following ways;
The approach undertake has created a better reader oriented focus and has streamlined the information to increase the comprehension.
References:
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Balakrishnan, K., Watts, R. and Zuo, L., 2016. The effect of accounting conservatism on corporate investment during the global financial crisis. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 43(5-6), pp.513-542.
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Du Plessis, J.J., Hargovan, A. and Harris, J., 2018. Principles of contemporary corporate governance. Cambridge University Press.
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