Discuss about the Managing New Global Division of Labour.
This essay will attempt to explain thecontemporary international division of labour and show how it affects patterns of distribution and production within and between developed and developing countries.The distribution of tasks is the separation of a work process into some tasks with each task carried out by a separate person, or group.The carrying out of the distribution of jobs is important since every person has different levels of specialisation forvariousfunctions, hence one is assigned to perform a task they are best suited to and can give the best quality results.
The new global division of labour refers tothe instance where the worker and sometimes countries choose to be experts in the production of goods and their distribution depending on their ability and talent.The purpose of this study is to show how the division of labours is either affecting developing and progressing nations patterns of production and distribution positively or negatively especially the economy.The essay will show the positive and negative ways the new international division of labour affects the patterns of production between and within developed and developing countries.
The contemporary international division of work is changing production and distributionin the following ways both in and between developed and developing nations. These forms include; it ensures that the finding of the right person for a particular job hence this providesexcellent quality of work It leads to thedevelopment of international business between developing and developed nations this leads to a lot of advantages to both countries. First of all, it leads to theemploymentof people hence reducing the rate of unemployment.It has resulted in better quality of products for the consumers in both developed and developing nations hence they get the best quality for their money.They do not have to settle for what is in the market since now almost all products have specialised factories to produce the best goods to compete.(Gorlich, 2009)
Industrialisation, more industries are being set up across the world so that productsare produced to keep up with demand for goods. With thedivision of labour, there is an assurance that there will be employees to fill in the different posts as required.although as more industries are being set up it will lead to pollution of the environment and exhaustionof resources used as raw materials hence it will reduce the speed of manufacture of the required goods.(Gorlich, 2009)
It has resulted in better relations between nations as they exchange ideas and trade in goods produced by individual countries. By improving relations and reducing tensions in the world, it will guarantee peace all over the world leading to an improvement of the world’s general economy with time all countries across the world will have economies of developed countries. Hence positively affecting the production and distribution of goods produced due to the division of labour.
Increased the rate of immigration between countries.It is a factbecause different people from different countries are specialised in different areas hence they move to countries which will best suit their expertise and guarantee their employment. As more people move between nations, this will lead to an improvement of production of goods since more specialised workers are employed, and the distribution of goods will meet the demand of the market
It has resulted in outsourcing; this is where large companies set up offices and industries in other countries especially in developing nations where they can get cheap labour and have high-quality production. It has led to a boost in output of goods since they can employ more workers at a lower cost as compared as to when it would have been in developed nations. By outsourcing, it has led to theimprovementin the economy of developing countries due to increased employment but has resulted in unemployment rates to rise in developed countries as more industries prefer to outsource more of their jobs. It, however, has adverse effects on the developing nations since sometimes the workers are overworked and exploited by these companies at times even employ young employees to keep up with production.(Gorlich, 2009)
Division of labour leads to a feeling of monotony among workers as one has to to do the job they are specialised for over and over without any change which leads to mental fatigue over time. It willresult in loss of quality of employment with time if the employees are not getting mental stimulation due to being too bored at work, hence causing deterioration ofproduction over time.
There is aloss of sense of responsibility for the qualityof their work since no one creates a complete product. When the value of the product deteriorates due to thedivision of labour, the workers cannot take responsibility to fix it since they see it as not their fault or they are not specialised to perform the task hence due to this the workers don’t take responsibility leading to individualism.(Starosta & Charnock, 2016)
With the new international division of labour, it has resulted in a need for more specialised and educated workers to fill up the jobs of different expertise required. The need has led to theimprovement of education in all parts of the world since more courses are being set up to train the people on various types of jobs and expertise. The setting up of schools will lead to a literate population who can perform the given jobs hence the production of goods will be positively affected. In developing nations it will positively influence the community since the populous will get employment and with time these countries economies will be improved, and over time they will be independent of the developed nations. The education factor will also improve relations between the developed half and developing countries as the developed countries will help the other states set up training centres that will provide good quality education and training that is upto thelevelof the standards of employees.
It has led to competition between nations in the developing and developed countriesto produce and distribute products that they are specialised.With this healthy competition, it has caused improvement of thequality of goods and services offered by all these countries to come out on top.It has also significantly improved thedistribution of these products to the market when they are in demand. Competition is good between developing nations since they will focus on improving their economies and in the end, the population will benefit.(Starosta & Charnock, 2016)
It has led to dependence. This where a country is depended upon wholly to produce one particular product.It has both constructive and adverse consequences on the countries. The positive side is that it will lead to good relations between countries who trade since they equally depend on each other for their speciality. The downsideis that it can result in dangerous situations in times of war where the country depend upon on for an outstanding product holds the others, hostage, since they need the said product, hence it leaves others vulnerable when there is no alternative producer of a product.(Gorlich, 2009)
Another disadvantage of theinternational division of labour is that when one aspect of production is stuck or stops it will affect the rest of production and distribution of a product. When this happens due to thedivision of labour, it will be hard to fix a problem since everyone has a different area of specialisation hence cannot help out to fix what they do not know.(Starosta & Charnock, 2016)
Has led to a drop of dependence on developed nations by developing states as they can now access services and products previously produced primarily by developed countries from other developing countries due to the international division of labour.The independence is good for the developing countries as it will promote harmony between each other hence they help each other out by producing these products without needing a second party to help out the process.(Starosta & Charnock, 2016)
There is an improvement in production and distribution of goods since the right person for a task will be employed due to the division of labour. There will be no shortage of employees since there is a whole world to get specialised workers due to globalisation. It will ensure that assigned tasks are performed to the best quality because the employees assigned will be doing what they are talented in or are experts. Utilising a person’s talents is good since they will be doing a job that they want not need.
It has led to saving time in theproduction of goods and their distribution to the market being quick to meet the demand from consumers. The reason is that there is an allocation of tasksto different areas because of expertise hence one does not have to perform two tasks at the same time.There will be additional time to concentrate on the task they are specialised in hence it will significantly improve production and distribution.
Because most jobsneed to be carried out in a right way,they send the jobs to developing nations, to where the labour is cheap and efficient, it has led to a rise in innovations from these countries.The reasonis thatthere is a need for such innovations and inventions to make theperformance of these different tasks easier and efficient. It will lead to improvement in the countries in general by these factors, and thus after a while, these developing nations will start producing particular goods on their own to trade with without help from the developed countries. It will increase competition with the developed countries and in general improving their economy and in extension political stability.
Developing countries benefit from thedivision of labour in the sense that the more skilled they are at producing goods for distribution in the market, they will be able to quickly secure funding and loans from the developed countries to help out in the building and development of countries. With this aid it will lead to an improvement in the goods that these countries have specialised in theproduction and hence the distribution of the assets will significantly improve.
Both developing countries and developed ones will be at a significant advantage because with the division of labour the products on demand will be produced in high numbers because of the specialised production and efficient distribution on countries who choose to carry out these tasks since they are experts in this area. With the increased production of goods, it will lead to affordable products in the market which are of superior quality. With the manufacture of goods increased being cheap there will be a larger market for the products produced.
When there is an international division of labour, there will be overspecializationby individual countries on production of goods especially developing nations which mostly specialise in essential products. When they overspend on this, and there is a stop in output due to different factors like inclement weather, it will affect their income and economy in general. Hence it will affect production of goods as they recover from the losses incurred
Some countries especially the developing nation sometimes specialise in themanufacture of products which have little market value and do not serve to improve their economic growth hence they do not benefit as much from production and distribution and division of labour no matter how good their product are.
In conclusion, the contemporary allocation of work has both constructive and adverse effects on the production and dissemination patterns of production in both developing and developed nations, but they are mostly positive results. With specialisation of labour to suit different tasks, it will lead to an economic improvement in general for all countries. The division of labour has caused countries to improve the quality of their products,which will result in improvement of the world in general.
Reference List
Gorlich, D. (2009). Managing the New Global Division of Labour — Global Economic Symposium. Global-economic-symposium.org. Retrieved 16 March 2017, from https://www.global-economic-symposium.org/knowledgebase/the-global-economy/the-post-crisis-global-division-of-labor/proposals/background-solutions-managing-the-new-global-division-of-labour
Starosta, G. & Charnock, G. (2016). The New International Division of Labour: Global Transformation and Uneven Development. Academia.edu.
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