Occupational Health And Safety In Manufacturing Companies

Literature Review and Research

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The company should be a ‘mock’ company from one of the following sectors:-
• Oil or chemical production
• Construction
• Manufacturing

For those lacking industrial experience, youtube provides a number of ‘factory tour’ type videos that provide an overview of the equipment and processes used that could form the basis of your mock company. 

i. Review your chosen case study company, with respect to the details of the company processed, their activities in relation to H&S and their current Health and Safety Policy Statement / Management System
ii. Review the requirements of OHSAS 18001 and associated legislation which affects your chosen company
iii. Review possible methods for undertaking Initial Status Reviews

Koza (2012) commented on the fact that the health and safety policies within an organization are essential to ensure the safety of the employees.  It is seen statically that the better will be these policies, the more the employees will be safe in the organization. Within the manufacturing organization health and safety measures are essential at every step to ensure whether all the machineries are working well and the employees are maintaining hygiene factors within it (Simons, Leroy and Savage, 2011). According to the opinion of Kuo (2013) the health and safety measures provides information, training and instruction to the employees regarding carrying out tasks without facing any hazard. It can be said that the occupational health and safety measures are taken to prevent the employees from facing industrial hazards.

Requirements of OHSAS 18001 and Associated Legislation

According to the opinion of Landesman (2012) Occupants Manufacturing is totally an ethical based company that deals with the manufacturing of steels that is used by the several construction companies. The management system of Occupants Manufacturing is strict enough and it sticks to the industrial health and safety statements to the maximum extent (Gordon, Mendenhall and O’Connor, 2013). The goals of this organization are to provide the workers with a safe environment as well as in providing personal equipments that will be helping in safeguarding the employees to the maximum extent. Perry (2013) commented on the essential fact that proper trainings are also given to the employees to make sure of their personal safe guards. The current safety measurements take into account a proper dressing while manufacturing the steel.

As mentioned by Rainer (2013) safety goggles, fire proof clothes along with gloves and ear plugs are need to be given to the employees in order to safeguard them from industrial accidents. Moreover, the machineries are oiled and frequently checked regarding their operations and also are maintained time to time. In addition to this, Reveley (2011) also commented that before giving employment to the workers, initially the employers had to undergo medical tests for color blindness, asthma, hear diseases etc. that are associated with manufacturing sector. This is because; these diseases if present cannot be employees in the manufacturing sector as it will be violating the Health and Safety measures. Simons, Leroy and Savage (2011) also commented that within the organization, diverse culture prevails, so it is the responsibility of the management team to stayed complied with the rules and regulations of the organization. Periodic reviews of the working culture of the organization are also done to ensure the safety within the workplace.

Badri, Gbodossou and Nadeau (2012)  presumed that in order to develop the OHSAS 18001 and associated legislation within the company various requirements required. Following table demonstrates the key requirements for establishing an OHSAS 18001and associated legislation for the Occupants Manufacturing –

Requirements	Description
General Requirements	For developing the OHSAS 18001 need to develop the occupational health and safety management system. Apart from that, the management of the Occupants Manufacturing has to implement the occupational health and safety management system (Gordon, Mendenhall and O’Connor, 2013). Moreover, the company has to maintain the occupational health and safety management system and also improve the occupational health and safety management system (Chalupka, 2012).
Policy Requirements	For developing the OHSAS 18001 within the business process of Occupants Manufacturing, organisation has to define the health and safety policy with proper documentation and implement the entire policy within their organisational process (Devkota and Buerck, 2012).
Planning Requirements	For planning of the operational process, organisation have to identify the OHSAS 18001 hazards as well as assess the risk. Apart from that, need to develop the procedure of examining and assessing the risk (Donnelly, 2012). Moreover, Occupants Manufacturing have to establish the process as well as procedure for identifying the legal and non-legal requirements of OHSAS 18001for the application of operational process (Simons, Leroy and Savage, 2011).
Implementation Requirement	For implementation, need to ask to the top management for appropriate OHSAS 18001 and its associated legal requirement (Fisenne, 2012).
Checking Requirements	Monitoring and controlling is the key aspects of fulfilling criteria of operational process for any organisation. Therefore, Occupants Manufacturing has to develop the monitoring procedure as well as measurement options (Friedman, Savage and Goes, 2012).
Review Requirements	In order to implement the OHSAS 18001, need to review through examining the inputs and outputs (Gordon, Mendenhall and O’Connor, 2013).

Gordon, Mendenhall and O’Connor (2013) argued that initial status review is the first and most important stage for management system. Through the initial status review, management of the Occupants Manufacturing is able to understand the entire operation in terms of influencing the decision scope (Simons, Leroy and Savage, 2011). It is also serve the manufacturing baseline for the occupational management performance within the business process of Occupants Manufacturing In order to undertake the Initial Status Review (ISR) methodology of health and safety performance is required off all the participants (Hall, 2012). Apart from that, the baseline of the architecture regarding future performance as well as standards also has to be measured by the following (Kotlas, 2011). The consultant of the occupants company has to employ the ADAS model and aim to evaluate the overall impacts.

Task 1: Literature Review and Research

Safety Policy is an appropriate method for undertaking the Initial Status Review that states the terms of management approach to safety and health. Need to maintain the procedure for communicating and implementing at all the levels for organization (Gordon, Mendenhall and O’Connor, 2013).

During the everyday work at Occupants Manufacturing, the organization is always trying to diminish accidents as well as risks in the workplace. Under such circumstances, enhancement of safety and health elements in addition to management system is an indispensable aspect (Sullivan, 2012). However, it is essential to be acquainted with what the preliminary safety and health status of the organization is prior to going for OHSA1 18001. In this section of the study, the safety and health activities of Occupants Manufacturing is assessed with considering several aspects of safety as well as health (Simons, Leroy and Savage, 2011). The review is done through pressing the check mark for all the questions under 16 various aspects. For each of these questions, there are three options, such as ‘Yes’, ‘No’ and ‘Partly’. Answer to each question as ‘Yes’ is assigned to 1 mark. Similarly, 1/2 point will be assigned for ‘Partly’ and 0 points for ‘No’ answer (Yamamoto, 2013). After the completion of all 10 subparts, the total score will be checked using a checklist.

Initial Status Review [ISR]
Name of the organization	Occupants Manufacturing
Date
Time
Reviewed by
Section 1: Safety Policy
Particulars	Yes	No	Partly
Occupants Manufacturing has proper safety policy [written format]	*
Senior management has signed the safety policy	*
Occupational health and safety have been dealt with care			*
Management of the organization motivated employees to follow health and safety rules			*
Total Score	3

Initial Status Review [ISR]
Name of the organization	Occupants Manufacturing
Date
Time
Reviewed by
Section 2: Safety Organisation
Particulars	Yes	No	Partly
Occupants Manufacturing has clear safety organization chart	*
Responsibility of OH&S members are clearly defined		*
Management is solely responsible for OH&S issues		*
OH&S rules and regulations are clearly explained towards employees			*
Total Score	1and 1/2

Initial Status Review [ISR]
Name of the organization	Occupants Manufacturing
Date
Time
Reviewed by
Section 3: Safety Committee
Particulars	Yes	No	Partly
Occupants Manufacturing has defined safety committee	*
Duties of safety committee have been clearly identified	*
The safety committee has reviewed past incidents			*
There are other groups that dealt with safety issues			*
Total Score	3

Initial Status Review [ISR]
Name of the organization	Occupants Manufacturing
Date
Time
Reviewed by
Section 4: Safety Training
Particulars	Yes	No	Partly
Proper training has been provided towards every employee	*
Specified OH&S training has been provided towards supervisor	*
Safety committee also has the proper training	*
OH&S related information has been mentioned in workplace	*
Total Score	4

Initial Status Review [ISR]
Name of the organization	Occupants Manufacturing
Date
Time
Reviewed by
Section 5: Promotion of health and safety awareness
Particulars	Yes	No	Partly
Proper promotional plan has been implemented	*
OH&S poster are displayed at workplace	*
Both safety committee as well as management are actively involved in the promotional campaign			*
Employees are actively involved in the promotional campaign			*
Total Score	3

Initial Status Review [ISR]
Name of the organization	Occupants Manufacturing
Date
Time
Reviewed by
Section 6: In house safety rules
Particulars	Yes	No	Partly
Basic safety rules are explained towards all employees	*
Employees have the proper idea about safety rules	*
Specific rules for complex jobs are also established			*
Safety rules are enforced appropriately			*
Total Score	3

Initial Status Review [ISR]
Name of the organization	Occupants Manufacturing
Date
Time
Reviewed by
Section 7: Assessment of job related hazards
Particulars	Yes	No	Partly
Organization has followed risk assessment methods to identify hazards	*
Organization has implemented preventive measure for identified risk	*
Organization has established safety methods statements			*
Proper implementation methods have been followed			*
Total Score	3

Initial Status Review [ISR]
Name of the organization	Occupants Manufacturing
Date
Time
Reviewed by
Section 8: Personal Protection Program
Particulars	Yes	No	Partly
Various local as well as international health and safety standards have been followed	*
Personal protective instrument have been provided towards every employee	*
Proper training has been provided towards the employee to deal with protective instrument			*
All the protective instruments are preserved appropriately			*
Total Score	3

Initial Status Review [ISR]
Name of the organization	Occupants Manufacturing
Date
Time
Reviewed by
Section 9: Protection of occupational health
Particulars	Yes	No	Partly
Organization has followed proper plan to protect occupational health			*
Occupational health check up standards have been provided towards employee			*
Noise control is considered as one of the important part to protect occupational health	*
Lighting, air pollution, etc are considered as important part to protect occupational health			*
Total Score	2 and ½

Initial Status Review [ISR]
Name of the organization	Occupants Manufacturing
Date
Time
Reviewed by
Section 10: Safety audit and safety review
Particulars	Yes	No	Partly
Safety audit has been executed on frequent interval	*
To audit safety and health aspects, independent auditor has been employed			*
Results of the safety and health review has been publicly explained			*
An action plan is established to address the identified issue	*
Total Score	3

Initial Status Review [ISR]
Name of the organization	Occupants Manufacturing
Date
Time
Reviewed by
Total Score	29

Occupants manufacturing policy for health and safety ensures that the key objective of the company is to focus on the proper health and safety of the employees and also their working environment (Young, 2012). The company focuses and manages the activities in a prudent way so that it can avert the unwanted risks of the healthy and safety of its employees and also its customers who might have been affected by the operation of the company (Zanko and Dawson, 2011). It believes in training of the employees of its concern and understands the need of instructing them so that they are able to carry out their works in a proficient way and also safely. The employees of the company are given information and knowledge so that they are capable enough to carry out their tasks without hampering their safety and also the safety of the others (Simons, Leroy and Savage, 2011). Application of the company policy on health and safety will be the key consideration by the management of the company. There should equal priority given to all the three factors of health, safety and environment along with the production and operation of the company. The employee’s efforts will be valued as the primary business success. It is the policy of the company to do everything that is logical enough to protect the health and safety of the employees and others that might be hampered by the omissions and activities of the. The company focuses to prevent accidents and bad health of the employees which may rise at work from their activities and also to safeguard the property of the company.

Task 2: Initial Status Review

Occupants Manufacturing will comply with all the safety and health legislation applicable to OHSAS1 18001 and also aspire for the continuous improvement of the safety management system and health care. The company objectives are:

1. To render a healthy and safe working environment and avert accidents and situations that of work concerning ill health.
2. To be a factor to the efficient and safe operation of the company works so as to maintain safe work premises, equipments and plant, and averting accidents and destruction of the property.
3. To ensure that the while designing, manufacturing and transporting of the company’s products the activities shall be handled so that it can avoid the risk to its employees and customers who might be hurt by the operations.
4. The managers and employees will be given enough supervision, instructions, training and information to make sure that they are capable enough to undertake their tasks which may include the specific and general responsibilities under the company’s safety and health management system (Zanko and Dawson, 2011).
5. The company will do its best to discard the anticipated hazards so that it can avert incidents which involves plant or personnel and if they occur then the company management has process implemented to prevent the reoccurrence of the same. To carry this out an effective system of accident reporting and investigation will be implemented.
6. Occupants will carry Risk Assessments top ascertain the issues and discard and if appropriate than control it. The company will limit its exposure to substances which are hazardous to the health of the employees as a priority. It will also look at the safe handling of the materials and appropriate safety measures like, masks, gloves, suits, etc are worn or not (Simons, Leroy and Savage, 2011).
7. The company will conform to all the statutory and approved requirements and codes of practice and will take necessary measures to give and maintain requirements for safety, health and environment care (Zanko and Dawson, 2011).
8. Health in training, safety and accident prevention is imparted to all employees.

From the above mentioned initial status review results, it is become clear that Occupants manufacturing has partially fulfilled the occupational health and safety management aspect (Zanko and Dawson, 2011). Since, the organization is aiming to obtain OHSAS 18001 certification; the organization has to address the areas in which it scores ½ or 0 points. As per the OHSAS 18001, any organization should have to follow the below mentioned structure.

(Source: Badri, Gbodossou and Nadeau, 2012, pp 196)

Conclusion:

The use of Initial Status Review within the developing of health and safety management system within the business operation of Occupants Manufacturing helps in managing the current state of company’s health and safety management system (Hasle and Zwetsloot, 2011). Moreover, initial status review will also allow the Occupants Manufacturing for examining the current situation under the government department and relevant personnel. According to the OHSAS 18001, following is the appropriate structure that matched with the legislation.

Initial Status Review step is very much important because it helps in identifying the potential or actual impacts regarding health and safety (Gordon, Mendenhall and O’Connor, 2013). However, this process allows to control the overall planning. The entire risk assessment comes under the planning. The risk assessment that comes under planning are general risks, fire risks

 It is also one of the key important aspects of assessing existing occupational safety and health performance. Hanlon and Ring (2012) cited that results or the outcome of the system or any operational process is the aspects of improving business and facilitate the planning for future development. Moreover, initial status review within the developing framework of health and safety management system of Occupants Manufacturing also allowed in producing the unbiased information (Hubble and Dothard, 2013). This help effectively for organizing the current health and safety responsibility take the account of duty of care for the employees at the workplace of Occupants Manufacturing (Simons, Leroy and Savage, 2011).

Reference List

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