Discuss About The Health And Safety Management Occupational.
In Canada, a noise criterion level (Lc) has been set which is the legitimate noise level that can be permitted in a workplace for eight hours’ shift. In Canada, the level is set in order to determine noise exposures. Therefore, in this way he Lc ensures that the continuous noise exposure is not causing any major damage or harm to the workers as well as the community. In a manufacturing unit, there are number of sources for causing noise pollution apart from the manufacturing equipment. These sources can range from the usage of power generators, emergency vehicle whistles which can consequent in hearing loss. The workers have the full right to recognize the potentially harmful elements in their workplace, to evaluate the extent of danger associated with it and take effective measures to sketch a solution to the problems. However, there are certain terms and conditions associated with this. In Canada, to ensure that the noise exposure is not exceeding so as to cause health damage, a noise measurement has been set which is 85dB(A) for many jurisdictions, 90dB(A) for Quebec and 87dB(A) for Canadian federal jurisdictions (Woodhull, Carande-Kulis & Biddle, 2016). Safe noise levels are mainly dependent on two things, one being the level of noise produced the other is the rate of exposure of the workers to it. It is clearly stated in the guidelines that no worker should be made to be exposed to more than 140 dB of noise for a prolonged period of time. A noise dosimeter is used to gauge the noise level as per the Occupational Safety and Health (Woodhull, Carande-Kulis& Biddle, 2016). These are the measurements by which organizations ensure that they are not exposing the workers to extreme noise levels. However the workers cannot complain in a legitimate manner about noise level if the measurements comply with the one set by OSH 85dB(A), 90dB(A) and 87dB(A). This is the standard exposure limit as allowed by the law and any sound which crosses 85Db can result in acute loss of hearing and serious damage to the ears.
Generally in the well-reputed firms and industry that deals with the production of sound, the employers conduct a scrutiny in the areas which are most dangerously exposed to harm. In case the employers fail to do so, the workers have the full right to file a complaint or report the ‘nearv misses, that are cases of accidents which could had a serious impact on the workers. Ths will require implementation of new policies and strict penalties for not adhering by the rules and regulations. However, recent studies have published about the severity of noise exposure of 85dB over 8 hours as a potential threat to ear, the effect is generally long-term. OHS has set the noise level as a part of risk management system and keeping in consideration total health management and employee productivity of an organization. A sound alarm on the part of the workers is not legitimate when the noise levels are not posing as a direct threat to the harmony of the workplace. The manufacturing units have the full permission to produce noise within the above mentioned stipulated limit. The organizations need to possess a well-written statement regarding the compliance of rules and regulations within the organizations and each and every worker should be aware of the fact in order to know about their position. In case, the workers are feeling uncomfortable he/she can wear hearing aid made of formable wadding acoustical fibres, or reusable plastic ear plugs, taking other controlling measures like implanting barriers around the machines. These control measures are legitimate since no workers can be forced to adjust themselves to uncomfortable working environments which cause physical discomfiture. The workers can only file a complaint when the organizations are generating noise above the prescribed level. The role of a health and safety representative is of utmost necessity over here for supervising over and working actively to make sure that the workers are not damaging their health in the workplace. Some of their fundamental responsibilities are to check whether the new workers are abiding by the workplace rules regarding health and safety, conducting a survey to collect data regarding the problems that the workers are facing regarding noise level and listing various health issue that can emerge as a result of noise exposure (Lay et al., 2016). The workers should also go through regular hearing tests to make sure that workers’ health is not being compromised with in the manufacturing unit.
In order to file a complaint, primarily the workers need to carry out a frequency analysis which will be evident or record for measuring noise level. In that case a thorough risk assessment process would be executed with safety specialists visiting the organization and understand the operational processes. The noise survey would be necessary to carry out a thorough examination of the entire unit and identifying the number of employees who are most likely to get exposed to the harmful zone. The survey can either measure the sound level at selected units or the entire plant. A number of measurements can be carried out to obtain accurate measurements during the noise survey. In these circumstances they would detect the degree of possible harm, frequency of noise and its exposure to the workers and to find out if there are any possible ways to keep it at bay. If the results indicate that the employees are dangerously exposed to noise which is exceeding the pre-set noise exposure limit then the team will formally inform both the employers and employees about the extent of truthfulness in their complaints regarding excessive noise level in their workplace (Lay et al., 2016).
The OHS work violations is a serious grievance and is therefore a yearly review which is important for highlighting areas on developing new strategies to avoid potential threats to the organization and its members. The magnificence that OHS rules and regulations contain makes it difficult for the workers to hold any serious. Any complaint can only be registered from the workers’ end if they have evidence to prove that the organization is falling short of meeting the OHS regulations and requirements. In that case the company needs to provide a hefty penalty and employees can adhere to reasonably practicable, as it is termed by Labor Program in Canada for the purpose of taking necessary precaution at the face of workplace hazards and impeding injuries or accidents. To make a valid complaint the employees must have a thorough knowledge of OH&S policies, have attended safety and precautionary training measures and know the best response to unsafe conditions or scenarios in their workplace. It is only in this manner that the employers can make a valid standpoint. If the organization has a record of retaining papers that document their strict adherence to workplace safety and rules, the employees can in no way prove that the manufacturing unit is violating the basic norms of sound levels in the workplace, placing a major risk at employees’ health and safety.
The presence of toxic and chemical elements in workplace is of major importance because under WHS regulations and policies, these substances can exert hazardous effects on the workers. Corrosive, chemically reactive and explosives are harmful for the health of the workers. Therefore WHS Regulations appoint a specific team of people to supervise the presence of these chemicals in an organization and negotiate the risk factors. However, I am well-acquainted with the dangers of the Electronics, Computer and Transportationfactory where one of my associates works. One of the potential chemical and toxic agent that are emitted out of these factories is cadmium which is immensely high on toxicity and can be harmful to life forms on earth when comes is direct contamination (Reese, 2015).
Route of Entry: the entry of this chemical is for the purpose of electroplating, producing paint pigments, batteries, coating operations, phosphor coating and baking enamels. A per data, the usage of cadmium has been doubled up in the factories by 5-10% making room for further growth within these factories (Ahmad et al., 2015).
Types of Toxicity Involved: Cadmium contains carcinogen and can cause medical conditions like cadmium blues, respiratory tract problems and dizziness. Carcinogenity also results in cancer on long-term inhaling (Ahmad et al., 2015).
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Effects |
Symptoms and Severity |
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Renal Effects |
1. Cadmium damages kidney, renal cancer, renal cortical necrosis which has symptoms of hematuria, flank pain and severe fever. 2. Renal tubular dysfunction causing fatigue, muscle weakness, stunted growth in children and osteomalacia. 3. microproteinuria which is a side-effect of cadmium exposure which indicates a severe kidney damage. |
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Skeleton Effects |
1. Exposure to Cadmium can result in bone disease called Itai-Itai disease with symptoms like anemia and brittle bones and death. 2. It can also cause a reduced mineral density in bones complicating the symptoms further |
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Respiratory Effects |
1. Breathing problems and lung diseases. 2. Dizziness due to lack of oxygen and headache are common. 3. Lung cancer due to long exposure |
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Miscellaneous |
1. Cadmium exposure can result in stunted growth in children 2. Can result in yellowing of teeth and ansomia characterized by hay fever with allergies and influenza. |
Reference List:
Ahmad, P., Sarwat, M., Bhat, N. A., Wani, M. R., Kazi, A. G., & Tran, L. S. P. (2015). Alleviation of cadmium toxicity in Brassica juncea L.(Czern. & Coss.) by calcium application involves various physiological and biochemical strategies. PloS one, 10(1), e0114571.
Lay, A. M., Saunders, R., Lifshen, M., Breslin, C., LaMontagne, A., Tompa, E., & Smith, P. (2016). Individual, occupational, and workplace correlates of occupational health and safety vulnerability in a sample of Canadian workers. American journal of industrial medicine, 59(2), 119-128.
Reese, C. D. (2015). Occupational health and safety management: a practical approach. CRC press.
Woodhull, D., Carande-Kulis, V. G., & Biddle, E. A. (2016). The Business Case for Occupational Safety, Health, Environment and Beyond Steve Newell, and Reepa ShrofF. In Occupational Health and Safety (pp. 69-92). Routledge.
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