1.The “line organizational structure” is one of the most commonly used kinds of organizational structures which are being used by the majority of the business organizations of the present times for the process of the effective management of the workplace (Vries and Poll 2016). It is significant to note that this particular structure of organization or the workplace evolved because of the need felt by the various organizations for a much simpler as well as effective organizational structure that would not only be much more easier to manage but at the same time to follow as well. The major benefits associated with the implementation of this particular organizational structure within the framework of any business organization is the fact that it was very easy to follow and also the flow of information is much easier to manage, the decision making process is very fast, authority can be established in a much effective manner, flexibility and others (Vries and Poll 2016). The drawbacks of the implementation of this particular organizational structure are the burden on the managers and the members of the higher management teams is very high, if the management team of the organization is not performing well then it might become a serious issue within the framework of such a organizational structure and others (Vries and Poll 2016).
2.The concept of functional information system is used by the various organizations to support the diverse departments as well as the functional areas of their organizations like the marketing, accounting, human resources, finance and others (Banerjee and Srivastava 2017). The basic idea behind the use of such an integrated system is to enhance the effectiveness as well as efficiency of the concerned organization and at the same time to ensure that all the entities of the concerned organization are not working in synchronicity but also in the best possible manner (Banerjee and Srivastava 2017). The major benefit which the use of such a system provides within the framework of the modern day business world is the fact that they ensure that the members of the diverse departments of the organization are working not in synchronicity but at the same time as per the requirements of the organization. Thus, it can be said that the effective use of this particular concept not only increases the performance of the organization but also its efficiency as well. The drawback of the use of this particular system can be said to be fact that the use of this particular system requires active collaboration on the part of all the departments of a particular organization and it is seen that most of the time this is not the case (Mi?kiewicz 2017). In such scenarios the use of this particular system instead of adding value to the organization can hurt the prospects of the concerned organization in a significant manner as well.
3.The enterprise information system is the kind of system which helps in the process of the enhancement of the performance level of the enterprises and to achieve this particular purpose the various enterprises generally take the help of the policy of integration (Paul and Anand 2015). The use of such a system thus requires an integration of not only all the departments as well as teams of the concerned enterprise but at the same time the integration of the data or the information which the organization has collected like the results of the market research, surveys, competition analysis and others (Paul and Anand 2015). This particular system is slightly different from the functional information system because of the fact that the functional information system depended solely on the integration of the different departments of the organization whereas the enterprise information system depends on the integration of not only the different data and other information but the different departments as well. The major value that the use of this particular system provides to the various organizations is the fact that they not only help the various organizations to provide much better quality products or services to the customers or the end users but at the same time enhance the efficiency or the effectiveness of the concerned organization in a significant manner as well (Kalpakjian, VijaiSekar and Schmid 2014).
4.The functional view of organizations is mainly concerned with the integration of the various departments of the concerned organization so as to enhance the efficiency as well as the effectiveness of the organization (He and Xu 2014). The process view of organizations, on the other hand, requires the integration of three main processes of the modern day business organizations, namely, the optimization of the design related process, the effective building of it and also its boosting (He and Xu 2014). To put the same in a much better manner it can be said that it is concerned with the effective management of the input information, its processing and its output. The process view of organizations is important particularly from the viewpoint of the modern day business world because of the fact that the prospects of the present organizations depend on the effectiveness with which they are being able to process the input information which has been provided to them and at the same time to generate meaning output information from the same (Gerber et al. 2016).
5.The “three way match” is a process which is being used by the majority of the business organizations of the present times for the process of the procurement of the raw materials which are needed for the manufacture of the products or the services offered by them by the customers (Laudon and Laudon 2016). This process consists of three stages, namely, the analysis of the purchase orders, invoices and finally the order slips or the packing slips. A close analysis of these three slips or receipts renders various kinds of benefits to the diverse organizations like they considerably improve the efficiency of the procurement system or the policy used by the concerned organization for the procurement of the raw materials, they also help the concerned organization to save a considerable amount of money, the preparation of the auditing process is much enhanced and others (Laudon and Laudon 2016). It is a reflection of these benefits offered by the concerned system that the majority of the business enterprises of the present times are increasingly taking the help of this particular process. However, at the same time it needs to be mentioned that the effectiveness of the process under discussion here depends on the extent to which the organizations are being able to process the three entities involved in the process.
6.A Bill of Materials basically represents the different raw materials that would be needed by a particular organization for the manufacture of the different products or the services that are being offered by them to the customers (Hollnagel 2017). The concept of product routing, on the other hand, represents the different processes or the stages or mechanisms that are involved in the process of the manufacture of a particular product or service (Crone, Hawken and Horner 2015). It is significant to note that people generally confuse the two systems and thinks that they are a conglomeration but in reality they are totally different. The Bill of Materials is concerned with the aspect of materials whereas the product routing is concerned with the mechanism or the stages that are used for the manufacture of the same product or the service (Crone, Hawken and Horner 2015).
7.In the present times it is seen that the various organizations are taking the help of the modern forms of information storage like the electronic ones and others (Robson 2015). This is seen as a mechanism to overcome the traditional forms of storage system like paper based methods or the manual methods. It is significant to note that these traditional systems are not only very time consuming but at the same time they take up a lot of the resources of the concerned organizations as well which could have been used in a much better manner for the other processes of the business (Robson 2015). In addition to these, it is also seen that these records tend to be ineffective because of the human errors and are generally not easily accessible when they are needed because of the fact that the concerned organization would have to search through the entire paper works for the specific document that they are looking for (Pearlson, Saunders and Galletta 2016). These in short are some of the drawbacks of the usage of the manual systems of data or information recording. This problem could be easily overcome through the usage enterprise system which takes the help of computers and other modern form of data storage and thereby reduces the above mentioned issues that the organizations face with the usage of the manual methods (Pearlson, Saunders and Galletta 2016).
8.The Made to Order is a strategy which is being followed by the various business organizations which requires them to take into effective consideration the demands and the needs of the customers in the most effective for the process of the manufacture of the products or the services offered by them to the customers (Banerjee and Srivastava 2017). The Made to Design strategy, on the other hand, requires to various business enterprises to take the help of the recent innovative ideas and integrate them with the design of the products or the services offered by them to the customers (Banerjee and Srivastava 2017). The effective use of both of these strategies has helped various organizations to provide the kind of products or services to the customers have been much appreciated by them. However, there are various disadvantages associated with the usage of these strategies as well. For example, the products manufactured on the basis of these two strategies take into consideration the interests and the demands of only a particular segment of the population and not the whole and this in turn affects the prospects of the concerned organization in a significant manner (Laudon and Laudon 2015).
9.Globalization is considered to be the most important factor which has changed the business world in a significant manner. The process has not only opened up new business markets for the organizations wherein they can offer the surplus products or the services offered by them to the customers but at the same time the organization can take the help of the resources of the concerned business market like labor, technology and others for the process of their business (Evrard 2017). In addition to these, there are other benefits as well which encourage the business enterprises to take the help of this particular process like the opportunity to earn more revenue, having a much larger customer base and others (Evrard 2017). Thus, majority of the business enterprises respond in a positive manner towards the use of this process for the conduct of their business in different business markets.
10.The concept of product view generally refers to the vision or the mission of a particular product which is being launched by an organization. Furthermore, the organization has a different view of the products since they have manufactured or designed it from the perspective of profitability and the market research data that they have collected (Arasu et al. 2016). However, the customers or the buyers have a different view of the same product since it is actually being experienced by them. It is a reflection of this particular fact that the concept that a particular product can have several views has gained prominence. In other words, view can be seen as the perspective with which a particular product is being designed or manufactured by an organization (Arasu et al. 2016). This particular fact is being used by the organizations to integrate the demands and the needs of the customers so as to have a higher chance of earning more profit.
11.The acronym SAP is used to mean “Systems, Applications and Products implementation”. From the organizational perspective the SAP environment refers to the entities which defines the organization and is important for the dispensation of the duties of the organization and at the same time the concerned organization needs to take them into consideration during the process of change (Krugman 2017). For example, WiFi system used by a particular organization can belong to this particular genre. The Master SAP environment, on the other hand can refer to the various production data and others that the organization would have to take into effective consideration during the process of change to create a refresh SAP environment (Krugman 2017). The Transactional SAP environment refers to the use of transaction systems as well as data in an effective manner which could help the concerned organization during the time of the change (Krugman 2017).
12.The four major components of the ERP system are financial accounting, customer relationship management, manufacturing data and sales data (Gerber et al. 2016). The financial accounting helps the concerned organization to calculate in an effective manner the financial undertakings of the concerned organization and also the amount of investments, revenue and others of the organization for the concerned fiscal year (Gerber et al. 2016). The customer relationship management, on the other hand, helps the concerned organization to establish as well as maintain a healthy relationship with the customers of the concerned organization (Paul and Anand 2015). The manufacturing data provides the concerned organization about the cost, the processes used for manufacturing, raw materials and other information related to the manufacturing process (Paul and Anand 2015). Finally, the sales data provides the information to the concerned company about the progress or the decline that they are making and at the same the strategies that they need to make to improve their sales volume.
References
Arasu, A., Babcock, B., Babu, S., Cieslewicz, J., Datar, M., Ito, K., Motwani, R., Srivastava, U. and Widom, J., 2016. Stream: The stanford data stream management system. In Data Stream Management (pp. 317-336). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Banerjee, S. and Srivastava, D., 2017. Innovation, Organisational Structure, and Culture: Its Impact and Linkage on Organization-A Review. International Journal of Civic Engagement and Social Change (IJCESC), 4(1), pp.1-22.
Crone, D.A., Hawken, L.S. and Horner, R.H., 2015. Building positive behavior support systems in schools: Functional behavioral assessment. guilford Publications.
De Vries, H. and Van der Poll, H.M., 2016. The influence of Lean thinking on organisational structure and behaviour in the discrete manufacturing industry. Journal of Contemporary Management, 13(1), pp.55-89.
Evrard, A.Y., 2017. Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalisation. Macat Library.
Gerber, N., Tschümperlin, C., Mohd-Noor, N. and Hofer, S., 2016. Towards enterprise application integration principles for facility management software in hospitals. In IFMA’s World Workplace Conference & Expo 2016, San Diego, California, United States, 05–07 Oct, 2016 (pp. 19-26). International Facilities Management Association.
He, W. and Da Xu, L., 2014. Integration of distributed enterprise applications: A survey. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 10(1), pp.35-42.
Hollnagel, E., 2017. FRAM: the functional resonance analysis method: modelling complex socio-technical systems. CRC Press.
Kalpakjian, S., Vijai Sekar, K.S. and Schmid, S.R., 2014. Manufacturing engineering and technology. Pearson.
Krugman, P., 2017. Crises: The price of globalisation?. In Economics of Globalisation (pp. 31-50). Routledge.
Laudon, K.C. and Laudon, J.P., 2015. Management information systems (Vol. 8). Prentice Hall.
Laudon, K.C. and Laudon, J.P., 2016. Management information system. Pearson Education India.
Mi?kiewicz, R., 2017. Organisational structure in the process of integration on the example of iron and steel industry enterprises in Poland. Difin.
Paul, R. and Anand, S., 2015. Optimization of layered manufacturing process for reducing form errors with minimal support structures. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 36, pp.231-243.
Pearlson, K.E., Saunders, C.S. and Galletta, D.F., 2016. Managing and Using Information Systems, Binder Ready Version: A Strategic Approach. John Wiley & Sons.
Robson, W., 2015. Strategic management and information systems. Pearson Higher Ed.
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