Patient And Innovation Level Measures: A Review

Scope and Methodology

Discuss about the Patient and Innovation Level Measures.

Optimal healthcare formulation, implementation and effective regulation are important for the conduction of remedial practices. Efficacious practices also leads to increased patient satisfaction. There are different factors prevailing that hinders both quality of healthcare and alteration in the satisfaction level of the patient. Some of the factors that prevents quality health management are incompetent practices, cost affordability, inaccessible healthcare resources, mismanagement, antique resources, unskilled and inexperienced healthcare professionals and ineffective implementation of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. These factors affect the satisfaction levels of the patients in terms of learning, understanding and decision-making (Kelley, Kraft-Todd, Schapira, Kossowsky, & Riess, 2014).

The literature reviewed in this paper has undertaken a detailed analysis on these factors and extent of their effects on quality health care and satisfaction among patients.

The outline of this research paper determines the scope and methodology undertaken, affect of different factors on patient satisfaction and quality healthcare practices for the regulation of effective care with the help of evidence-based analysis.

The scope of this analysis targets the healthcare professionals or practitioners for the instillation of evidence based resources for optimal undertaking of future practices. In order to conduct the analysis secondary source of research methodology has been undertaken with the help of different research paper, scholarly articles and peer literature has been used that are published after the year 2012.

Patient satisfaction is an essential component for the enhancement in the quality development of the healthcare facilities and services. Such surveys acts as a feedback for any healthcare setting for the determination of different factors that carries capacity of turning into prevailing issues against the effective practices. Furthermore, such surveys determine gaps in existing practices as well One of the essential requirement of such surveys is maintenance of heterogeneity during selecting the samples for the survey (Al-Abri & Al-Balushi, 2014).

A study conducted by Mosadeghrad (2014) explained quality healthcare as an essential and multidisciplinary term that requires optimal implementation of medical science, updated technology, inter and intrapersonal disposition along with patient-oriented undertaking of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Exploratory interviews of multidisciplinary healthcare professionals determined that personal factors of both professional and patient determines the effectiveness of the treatment. Furthermore, undertaking of conceptual framework supported with national laws will definitely help in the cooperation and collaboration between the professionals and patients (Mosadeghrad, 2014).

Mosadeghrad (2014) conducted another study determining the factors on which the quality medical services are based on. A survey conducted on different healthcare professionals of the various institutions determined that different factors such as access of resources, cooperation and collaboration between professionals and patients, optimal and resourceful planning, awareness and training, efficacious communication, severity of the condition of the patient, legislation, motivation and professional competence are some of the factors that affects the optimal implementation of the treatment (Mosadeghrad, 2014).

Quality Healthcare

Another study conducted on quality service determines that the healthcare industry has strengthened its procedures and protocols for the effective implementation and regulation of the services for quality satisfaction by the patients. But much progress is not happening due to lack in quality provisioning, lack of technology, antique remedial and medication practices, lack of effective skills and communication, unreliability, unresponsiveness and affirmation on optimal treatment are some of the prevalent barriers to effective treatment and care (Wangari, Anyango, O., & Wanjau, 2013).

A study determines that existing healthcare system is experiencing certain lags in terms of depleting and antique resources that are unable to meet the soaring demands. Extensive increase in the population since past has led to generation of this lag. Upgradation to updated technology and sustainable development are essential step to minimize the extent of lag (Faezipour & Ferreira, 2013).

The engagement of the patient and his family during the conduction of remedial treatment is essential especially when the patient is suffering from terminal conditions. This engagement can be in terms of partnership, effective and critical decision-making, awareness, consultation and others. Such engagement ensures deeper understanding of the implemented treatment in terms of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, legislation and policy regulated (Carman, et al., 2013).

A study conducted by Holden et al. (2013) determined Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) model as an effective model that determines the extent of the relationship between the healthcare system and the interests and safety of the patient. Furthermore, this system ensures a disciplined and quality implementation and regulation of the practices. The gap in the optimal implementation is the lack in the engagement of the patient during different activities undertaken for the optimal treatment especially when a patient is suffering from certain terminal conditions that leads to imbalance and trauma at emotional level (Holden, et al., 2013).

Nurses are considered as pivot among all other healthcare professionals for the treatment of patient. These nurse must be supplemented with appropriate information of the patient including case history, existing condition and treatment. This paper undertook qualitative analysis to determine and acknowledge different factors of nursing such as competiveness, autonomous practicing, adequate knowledge and training, patient-oriented care and collaborative and cooperative relationships with other professionals and patients. Autonomy of decision-making during critical conditions is an essential gap prevailing the effective imparting of the treatment (Kieft, de Brouwer, Francke, & Delnoij, 2014).

Community settings play an importance role of diminishing the gap between the healthcare professionals, safeguard interventions and patients. These community settings helps in reducing the prevailing factors that acts as barrier to effective remedial treatment. Comprehensive approach is required by the healthcare professional for the treatment of chronic ailments. This study has been undertaken with the help of qualitative analysis on the extent of the managerial practices conducted on community setting workers, patients, primary care workers, multidisciplinary and multiagency teams and others (Collinsworth, Vulimiri, Snead, & Walton, 2014).

Intervention

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has determined the relationship between different factors that determines effective managerial care to the patients by the healthcare professionals. This analysis has determined that cost-effectiveness is one of the important factors determining appraisal of effective treatment. Most of the decisions undertaken by NICE and patients are based on the cost affordability of different aspects of treatment (Dakin, et al., 2015).

Assessment of pain is one of the major issues faced by the healthcare professionals that prohibit them from understanding the extent of pain experienced by the patient. This leads to ineffective implementation of the non-pharmacological interventions as per the requirement by the patient. Furthermore, these interventions are influenced by personal and professional experiences of the healthcare professionals handling the patient. This leads to a huge gap in the regulation of the required treatment by the patient (Gélinas, Arbour, Michaud, Robar, & Côté, 2013).

A peer reviewed study determines that in the evidence-based practices, the two importance gaps that prohibits effective implementation are lack of acknowledgement towards construct hypotheses which influence success and measures that assists these constructs. These gaps can be filled with the help of a multilevel framework addressing outcomes such as fidelity, penetration, adoption, sustainability, cost implemented and reviews of measures and validity of such measures (Chaudoir, Dugan, & Barr, 2013).

A recent study postulates that any sort of feedback from the patient must not be considered to determine the extent and quality of the treatment provided. Different concerns has been provided by the critics on determining that the satisfaction level may hindered by the extent of happiness irrespective of the interventions undertaken. Another concern determines that if the feedback and intervention results are not congruent then the feedback must not contain any weightage. Furthermore, another concern determined that patient experience may be based on priori desires. If weightage to experience is given priority healthcare management may undergo out of the way for the fulfillment of these priori desires (Manary, Boulding, Staelin, & Glickman, 2013).

An analysis conducted on the importance of palliative care determines that it is one of the instrumental aspects in diminishing the effects of degrading factors on effective implementation of remedial treatment. Palliative care undertakes both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for the optimal treatment of the patient in distress. Palliative care provides effective treatment to both patient and associated family members with the help of different healthcare professional. Ineffective regulation and communication ate two prominent barriers to palliative care by mid professionals and assistants (Lovatt, et al., 2015).

Community Settings

According to a study, this has been estimated non-pharmacological interventions such as therapies, hypnoses, massages and others play an important role in providing optimal treatment to the patients in critical conditions. Many people are now opting community settings and taking help of health carers for effective and patient-oriented treatment. This has been determined that more than 60% of people suffering from schizophrenia prefers non-pharmacological interventions irrespective of pharmacological ones. The gap with this study was the smaller sample size for the analysis and requires redo of experiment with large sample size (Chen, Liu, Zhang, & Lu, 2016).

Conclusion

A long debate has been occurring since decades on determining the satisfaction level among patients and its role in determining the extent of the quality care. Besides this, cost affordability is an important aspect on which most of the factor depends. Furthermore, optimal settlement and regulation of community settings is required in accordance with updated technology and implementation of interventions. Prevailing issues can be diminished with the help of effective legislation providing optimal resource to impart pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Such legislation must provide strategic planning for the formulation and regulation of effective practices and protection of rights of the people suffering from critical conditions. Furthermore, the review has determined that satisfaction level is a crucial factor for the assessment of the healthcare practices, yet it should not be considered as a sole analyzer as the satisfaction level may get altered by certain influences. Development is a continual process for this sector yet requires optimal measures to be undertaken to fulfill the existing lags. These research paper taken for the review lacks in determining the how to update technology, resources, enhancement in the existing condition of healthcare professionals and inputs on other safeguard interventions.

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Faezipour, M., & Ferreira, S. (2013). A system dynamics perspective of patient satisfaction in healthcare. Procedia Computer Science, , 148-156.

Gélinas, C., Arbour, C., Michaud, C., Robar, L., & Côté, J. (2013). Patients and ICU nurses’ perspectives of non?pharmacological interventions for pain management. . Nursing in critical care, , 307-318.

Holden, R. J., Carayon, P., Gurses, A. P., Hoonakker, P., Hundt, A. S., Ozok, A. A., & Rivera-Rodriguez, A. J. (2013). SEIPS 2.0: a human factors framework for studying and improving the work of healthcare professionals and patients. . Ergonomics,, 1669-1686.

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Lovatt, M., Nanton, V., Roberts, J., Ingleton, C., Noble, B., Pitt, E., & Munday, D. (2015). The provision of emotional labour by health care assistants caring for dying cancer patients in the community: A qualitative study into the experiences of health care assistants and bereaved family carers. . International journal of nursing studies,, 271-279.

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