Cloud services are considered to be attractive to various business as it flexible and cost-effective. But the adaptation of this technology results in various security issues (van den Nouwelant et al., 2015). Criminals also consider cloud services as an attack on various targets which can easily bring a large amount of data. The first step in increasing security is to properly understand the various elements of the attack. Another benefit which can be obtained is that it helps to defend against a new type of attack if and only if past attacks are known. After that another step can be taken for managing cloud services the s to easily quantify and access the given the risk. Smart city can be considered as a well-know term which can be used for providing a description of the compound system which is integrated to operate in various urban regions. Smart cities are considered as an organization with its citizen as employees (Hooper, Giles-Corti & Knuiman, 2014). There is a growing demand for smart cities in the near future which can easily forecast and manage the urban flows. Urban development and growth of cities have turned these cities towards various technology. Smart cities in Australian cities make use of different ICT (Information and Communication Technology). Cities are now changing digital cities into smart cities which are considered to be more technology oriented.
In the coming pages of the report, an idea has been provided regarding the implementation of the Australian Smart national plan in Singapore. After that, a discussion has been a government plan which is used for deploying Smart Wi-Fi. The smart plan for the device will check the fact citizen are identified properly both physically and electronically. A discussion has been provided on the fact that digital identity will help in maintaining privacy. The last section of the report deals with security and privacy issue of digital identity regarding the operating environment of the device.
Cities are now changing digital cities or intelligent cities which are making use of technology (Young & Grant, 2015). A city is termed as a smart city when various elements are properly instrumented, self-repairing, learning. Section of the infrastructure and various facilities are connected and optimized by making use of ICT to easily deliver services to the citizen. Challenges involved in various phases like planning, the operation of cities are more encouraging for a large number of process. Professional across various domains like constructing, information technology is required for proper understanding of stakeholders and the method used for engaging them. The information system has become very relevant in an urban environment which creates opportunities for capturing information (Yigitcanlar et al., 2017). Water is considered to be an essential element for a living and various people around the globe are wasting it. Water needs to be transported efficiently and an intelligent system should be there which will help in ensuring the quality of water. Currently used pipes in Singapore is not as much as intelligent as treat faults in pipes. Smart cities are making use of sensory-based technology.
All the category of people will be affected by the implementation of a Smart Sensor Network plan. It will benefit a large number of people of the society. Smart sensors at a various location like a bus stop and rubbish bins will help them in carrying out their day to day activities in the much easier way. With the help of sensor implementation, people can easily schedule their day to day in a better way like keeping track of the time schedule of buses on their mobile phone.
With the help of growth technology, the city can be administering to find out faults before any kind of loss. To have a peaceful and healthy living the environment should be monitored on a regular interval. When an individual has a good quality of air he can easily live a blissful life (Uribe-Pérez et al., 2016). Sensors should be implemented at a different location like parks and other places which are used for monitoring air quality and weather. Any kind of upcoming epidemics can be easily calculated with the help of combining data from various sensors. In many cases, it is seen that smart sensors can easily safeguard one’s life and can also act like a guardian. A major problem is encountered in proper data analysis and its transmission by different nodes and post analysis of data. IoT makes use of data which is used for collection and analysis. Sensors placed at different region of city can be easily connected to cloud and it can be done through large number of ways. Data processing would in the cloud can be done with the help of certain rules and protocols. Wi-Fi is considered as the default medium which is used for establishing a connection. It generally carriers almost half of the internet traffic and almost 10 times traffic than cellular. It can be considered to be crucial factor which is used for development more specially in certain regions like cities and business which has been increasing in last few years (Scarborough et al., 2015). The new era of smart cities has been creating connectivity which is easily accessible and reliable. Urban setting has resulted in certain number of challenges which is used for completing the thing used for broader network and internet. In most of the cases Wi-Fi is encountered as a method which is used for connecting internet and advancement of Wi-Fi-based technology which has been kept on promises. Wi-Fi users easily ensure the fact that they have optimal connected experience regarding the device location. Old design of building is mainly dependent on various things like fixed lines and copper cables (Hua, Oliphant & Hu, 2016). Currently the Wi-Fi technology have replaced various kinds of wireless development. Wi-Fi certified technology have grown which has resulted in accommodation of all kinds of all kinds of function that ranges from multimedia entertainment to Wi-Fi calling (Pettit et al., 2015). Connectivity which is developed or provided by the help of emerging Wi-Fi frequency below 1 GHz has been properly developed to the given range. The reach of signal will be easily developed by materials to range signal from more materials. It is particular well-suited for application which comes up with low data in think control and home sensors. It is considered to be more suitable for places for smart home devices and various application which does not require any kind of constant speed connection. This type of devices is located in harder places to reach like kitchens or bedroom. At the other side, 60 GHz band makes easy transfer of data to some physical obstruction (Calder, 2016). This is considered to be a best option which can be used for replacing the various cables lines within the rooms for everything that ranges from home entertainment to home computer networks which require high bandwidth connectivity (Kumar, 2015). In between there are two frequency band that is 2.4 and 5 GHz bandwidth which are considered to be common for use in multimedia and internet connection.
In the last few years, understanding the need for the internet is considered to be vital for various day to day work and has increased a lot. Security concern and issues related to privacy have been raised in different regions of the world (Hu, Wu & Shih, 2015). Various privacy experts have increased the issues of public Wi-Fi system at various places like metro, malls and other places. Some concern is still there for various cities which are planning to easily take advantage of Wi-Fi (Shatkin, 2014). The major kind of issue can be from the problem of connectivity that is 4.5 billion every day. Various connected cities need to address factors which will improve broadband availability and connection.
The use of wireless area networks has been increased in last few years like education institutes, public places and business. 802.11 makes use of mechanism which can give security to data which is transmitted. With the passage of time the number of application related to wireless technology has been increased. People can easily access the internet from location like airport and hotels. Some kind of privacy issues comes into action when it comes to the use of public hotspot. If a customer wants to create a website, then that individual needs to provide some data to the developer. This ultimately leads to some kind of security issues as attack can be done by the help of those details. Unauthorized access is considered to be main problem as there are no other regulation to act on individual.
All the category of people will be affected by the proposed Government Smart Wi-Fi Network. With the help of this plan, people can easily people of the city can easily internet irrespective of their location. The plan will help people to carry out day to day activities like checking mail and notification at any location.
Wi-Fi is required seamless connection of future which is done band of arrays for wireless spectrum. Apart from this, cities and business are coming with a challenge to a limited wireless access (Chiu, 2018). It is done by widespread deployment and connection to web-based location or device. To provide protection of user data and information Australian government focus on retaining people data. It is all about informing people about the kind of data which is collected from them along with ensuring the fact that it is stored properly. In a matter of ISP provider giving free service, it can lead to information of people when they log on with their email address (Ho, 2017). Under the Act, various data protection principles should comply with various data controllers. Along with it needs to be sure that the given information is easily given in a lawful way. It is used in such a way that the given data is adequate and relevant in nature. Similar to mobile phones, Wi-Fi devices come up identifier which can be used for tracking purpose can easily result in various kinds of security issues. Tracking by making use of Wi-Fi Hotspot can easily result in third-party damage like stalking (Rakovic et al., 2016). For making use of service various services need personal information which is provided by the help of advertisement and other third parties services. E-commerce and other bodies generally depend on internet-based services for the movement of data (Denkovski et al., 2015). The flow of data across the borders generally allows various people to easily access the global value or range and quality of services which is provided. It also aims in providing various kinds of benefits to individual and business which allow the digital economy to easily grow.
While using public Wi-Fi four steps can be easily taken for securing data.
Virtual Private Network (VPN) can be considered as the best way of securing traffic. When a connection is established between the mobile device and public Wi-Fi all the internet traffic is sent from the computer by making use of an encrypted tunnel which is provided at the end point (Maier & Verikoukis, 2014). The traffic can be used for securing any kind of eavesdroppers which is there in public network. There are some kinds of software available which can be used in a mobile phone which starts automatically when a connection is established with Wi-Fi hotspot.
The user should not perform any kind of FTP (File transfer protocol) over the given Wi-Fi. It can be easily avoided by making use of other protocols which transfer the data in an unsecured way
A very common kind of attack generally requires a hacker which is needed for setting up a public hotspot not in their own site of the hotspot. It is considered to be very much similar to various issues in the business case (Sivaraman et al., 2015). The issues are all about the browsing activity are easily routed with the help of the attacker’s network which can help in monitoring. To easily overcome this problem, the proper name of the hotspot from the business is required in the monitoring traffic. To eathe sily avoid this problem, the proper name from the SSID hotspot is required. Along with one point should be taken into account that two access points come up with the same name.
Digital identity is also known as identity 2.0 has grown a lot in the last few years. It makes use of emerging technology like Open ID, Microsoft window space. It helps in keeping a knowledge regarding the servers of Facebook to have an idea regarding users all over the people. Digital identity management is the very important thing which helps us in defining ourselves in the digital world (Zeng, Pathak & Mohapatra, 2016). Everyone around the world come up with a digital identity and it affects the people in the direct or indirect way. All action is built in a digital world that is specifically our identity in the global profile. Traditional digital management system helps in identifying the current digital age. It ultimately helps in identification of privacy which helps in identifying management system. Identity risk analysis helps in getting an idea regarding the probability in a particular transaction. Proper designing and choosing of privacy protection identity management system help in having an idea regarding the founding principles. In current principles, two principles are used for two core information privacy concern are used like observability and linkability (Demetriou et al., 2017). In observability their possibility in which an individual can easily gain information. The observer may look for parties to easily communicating and service providing the communication. In linkability there come up with potential which can be used for linking data with the individual as well as the potential difference between the given data set. It can be easily used for further analysis. Proper controllability generally requires maintaining separate context which can be used for accumulation of sensitive data. Identity information is generally required for keeping a track of information (Hexmoor, 2016). The most well-known principles in Fair Information principles have been adopted by the Australian Government. The principles are widely used for collection and personal use of information (Zou et al., 2018). Identity management system generally needs seven fair information practices principles which are instructive in nature like:
Openness: The current system requires personal data which is known publicly along with a description system for the main purpose. It also elaborates on the use of personal data which is provided in the given system.
Individual participation: Right should be given an individual to easily view the various kinds of information collected about them (Feher, 2015). Apart from this, there should be possibly any kind of way which is used for any kind of correction and removal of data.
Limitation of Collection: Certain limits should be there for the proper collection of personal data. Personal data should be collected in an awful and proper method.
Data Quality: Personal data should be similar to giving purpose for which it is collected and used many times. It should comprise three parameters like accurate, timely and complete in nature.
Finality: The proper use and disclosure of given personal data should be limited in nature. Personal data should be used for the purpose of given time of collection (Feher, 2016). It should not be disclosed without the consent of individual or legal authority.
Security: Personal data should be protected by proper kind of security safeguard against loss of risk, unauthorized kind of access, destruction or modification and any kind of disclosure.
Accountability: The personnel involved in keeping the personal data should be mainly accountable for easily complying with various practices.
There is a large number of methods which can be easily used for the protection of the digital identity of an individual.
Credit and identity monitoring: Credit card monitoring generally requires some of the services which can be used for saving a breach. Identity monitoring breach generally requires proper monitoring of credit card plus monitoring of dark web of information (Grassi, Garcia & Fenton, 2017). Some of the monitoring issues generally help an individual to over problem when an individual is exposed to resolve various kinds of issues or problems. Credit card monitoring service can be considered as a well-known method which can be used for protection of data.
Password: The best way to solve for password issues can be the use of password manager like Dash lane, Norton Identity Safe. With the help of a password manager, one can easily create a master password which is used for accessing all the password (Hooper, Giles-Corti & Knuiman, 2014). It will merely auto-fill forms from website allowing a citizen to copy/ paste the thing as per requirement. Password manager generally generates and manages a different 16-digit complex password given for each requirement. It generally stores the secret kind of information which is required for making a full-featured digital wallet. It helps in copy and pasting values along with strong encryption. Generally, two kinds of time are required for creating a complex password that one for less secure sites and the second one is for sites which must be secure in nature.
Phishing and Social Engineering: Phishing fraud generally requires the involvement of a fraudster to give the information (Young & Grant, 2015). A fraudster can easily ask for personal information by phone or email linked with attachment. The best to get defense from this kind of attack is to educate an individual on regular basis.
Back up of important data on regular basis: Whenever a ransomware attack takes place; victims can easily get an idea that they could have protected themselves by keeping a back up of data (Yigitcanlar et al., 2017). Now if an attacker gets the access to a system then the additional kind of data can be easily restored from backup. Important data should be backup regularly by IT providers for ensuring that all the vital information is stored securely in the data centers.
Conclusion:
From the above discussion, it can be easily concluded that this report is all about Implementation of smart plan. Australian State Government plan has recently reviewed Singapore government plan and has decided to implement their own Smart State plan. The smart state plan mainly comprises of network smart sensors and camera at various places like a bus stop, rubbish bins in CBD. It helps in easy monitoring the behavior of citizen along with addressing the street crime. In the above pages of the report, four aspects have been discussed in details like smart sensors, Wi-Fi hotspot, digital identity and security and privacy controls. The personal and ethical implication of privacy for Government smart sensors has been discussed in details. In this, three important aspects like the category of people affected, changes in behavior, changes in individual behavior has been discussed. After that Government plan for deployment of Wi-Fi hotspots which mainly ensures a series of networks is deployed throughout the city. After that personal and ethical implication of privacy for given government plan has been discussed in detail. In this section, a list of implication for storing vital information on a mobile device has been discussed in details. Smart state plan will provide the citizen with different services which can be used in both ways that electronically and physically. A proper justification has been regarding the fact that Smart state plan will help in maintaining privacy on a mobile phone during the visit of an individual. In the end, a list of list of steps has been provided which can easily ensure the security and privacy of digital identity when mobile devices will operate in such an environment. Along with this advantage and disadvantage of each and every step has been discussed. A list of steps has been discussed which can be used for maintaining the security of digital identity has been discussed in details like monitoring of credit card, password, phishing and social engineering and back up of important data has been discussed in details.
References:
Calder, K. E. (2016). Singapore: Smart city, smart state. Brookings Institution Press.
Chiu, S. W. K. (2018). City states in the global economy: Industrial restructuring in Hong Kong and Singapore. Routledge.
Demetriou, S., Zhang, N., Lee, Y., Wang, X., Gunter, C. A., Zhou, X., & Grace, M. (2017, July). HanGuard: SDN-driven protection of smart home WiFi devices from malicious mobile apps. In Proceedings of the 10th ACM Conference on Security and Privacy in Wireless and Mobile Networks (pp. 122-133). ACM.
Denkovski, D., Rakovic, V., Ichkov, A., Atanasovski, V., & Gavrilovska, L. (2015, September). REM-facilitated Smart-WiFi. In Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN), 2015 IEEE International Symposium on (pp. 277-278). IEEE.
Feher, K. (2015). Corporate Digital Identity: Key Factors of Policy and Business.
Feher, K. (2016). Digital identity: The transparency of the self. In Applied Psychology: Proceedings of the 2015 Asian Congress of Applied Psychology (ACAP 2015) (pp. 132-143).
Grassi, P. A., Garcia, M. E., & Fenton, J. L. (2017). Digital identity guidelines. NIST Special Publication, 800, 63-3.
Hexmoor, H. (2016, January). Compelling use cases for the internet of things. In Proceedings on the International Conference on Internet Computing (ICOMP) (p. 20). The Steering Committee of The World Congress in Computer Science, Computer Engineering and Applied Computing (WorldComp).
Ho, E. (2017). Smart subjects for a Smart Nation? Governing (smart) mentalities in Singapore. Urban Studies, 54(13), 3101-3118.
Hooper, P., Giles-Corti, B., & Knuiman, M. (2014). Evaluating the implementation and active living impacts of a state government planning policy designed to create walkable neighborhoods in Perth, Western Australia. American Journal of Health Promotion, 28(3_suppl), S5-S18.
Hu, M. C., Wu, C. Y., & Shih, T. (2015). Creating a new socio-technical regime in China: Evidence from the Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-City. Futures, 70, 1-12.
Hua, Y., Oliphant, M., & Hu, E. J. (2016). Development of renewable energy in Australia and China: A comparison of policies and status. Renewable Energy, 85, 1044-1051.
Kumar, T. V. (2015). E-governance for smart cities. In E-governance for smart cities (pp. 1-43). Springer, Singapore.
Maier, M., & Verikoukis, C. (2014, July). Inside smart FiWi-HetNets and the explosion of mobile data traffic. In Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON), 2014 16th International Conference on (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
Pettit, C. J., Klosterman, R. E., Delaney, P., Whitehead, A. L., Kujala, H., Bromage, A., & Nino-Ruiz, M. (2015). The online what if? Planning support system: A land suitability application in Western Australia. Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy, 8(2), 93-112.
Rakovic, V., Denkovski, D., Atanasovski, V., & Gavrilovska, L. (2016, May). Radio resource management based on radio environmental maps: Case of Smart-WiFi. In Telecommunications (ICT), 2016 23rd International Conference on (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
Scarborough, H., Sahin, O., Porter, M., & Stewart, R. (2015). Long-term water supply planning in an Australian coastal city: Dams or desalination?. Desalination, 358, 61-68.
Shatkin, G. (2014). Reinterpreting the Meaning of the ‘S ingapore Model’: State Capitalism and Urban Planning. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 38(1), 116-137.
Sivaraman, V., Gharakheili, H. H., Vishwanath, A., Boreli, R., & Mehani, O. (2015, October). Network-level security and privacy control for smart-home IoT devices. In Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob), 2015 IEEE 11th International Conference on (pp. 163-167). IEEE.
Uribe-Pérez, N., Hernández, L., de la Vega, D., & Angulo, I. (2016). State of the art and trends review of smart metering in electricity grids. Applied Sciences, 6(3), 68.
van den Nouwelant, R., Davison, G., Gurran, N., Pinnegar, S., & Randolph, B. (2015). Delivering affordable housing through the planning system in urban renewal contexts: converging government roles in Queensland, South Australia and New South Wales. Australian Planner, 52(2), 77-89.
Yigitcanlar, T., Edvardsson, I. R., Johannesson, H., Kamruzzaman, M., Ioppolo, G., & Pancholi, S. (2017). Knowledge-based development dynamics in less favoured regions: insights from Australian and Icelandic university towns. European Planning Studies, 25(12), 2272-2292.
Young, R., & Grant, J. (2015). Is strategy implemented by projects? Disturbing evidence in the State of NSW. International Journal of Project Management, 33(1), 15-28.
Zeng, Y., Pathak, P. H., & Mohapatra, P. (2016, April). WiWho: wifi-based person identification in smart spaces. In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks (p. 4). IEEE Press.
Zou, H., Zhou, Y., Jiang, H., Chien, S. C., Xie, L., & Spanos, C. J. (2018). WinLight: A WiFi-based occupancy-driven lighting control system for smart building. Energy and Buildings, 158, 924-938.
Essay Writing Service Features
Our Experience
No matter how complex your assignment is, we can find the right professional for your specific task. Contact Essay is an essay writing company that hires only the smartest minds to help you with your projects. Our expertise allows us to provide students with high-quality academic writing, editing & proofreading services.
Free Features
Free revision policy
$10Free bibliography & reference
$8Free title page
$8Free formatting
$8How Our Essay Writing Service Works
First, you will need to complete an order form. It's not difficult but, in case there is anything you find not to be clear, you may always call us so that we can guide you through it. On the order form, you will need to include some basic information concerning your order: subject, topic, number of pages, etc. We also encourage our clients to upload any relevant information or sources that will help.
Complete the order form
Once we have all the information and instructions that we need, we select the most suitable writer for your assignment. While everything seems to be clear, the writer, who has complete knowledge of the subject, may need clarification from you. It is at that point that you would receive a call or email from us.
Writer’s assignment
As soon as the writer has finished, it will be delivered both to the website and to your email address so that you will not miss it. If your deadline is close at hand, we will place a call to you to make sure that you receive the paper on time.
Completing the order and download