Discuss about the Planning and Developing of Organization Structure.
An effective information system is the significant part of the hotel industries as a business system. It main roles and responsibilities are to enhance the process involved in managing, performing and strategically planning organization operations[1]. Moreover, an information system improves the intangible features of business services and enhances quality and services through innovation and improvement.
A hotel is a complex system because it involves several operations that themselves have the entire attribute within the system. Thus it has been suggested that hotel industries needs to incorporate integrated information system in its organization that helps to communicate among the all department in better manner[2]. A hotel can comprises of check in check out system, selling accommodation services, providing and preparing food and beverage services, human resource management, finance department and others, therefore implementation of the integrated system helps the organization to communicate with the all department in vital and successful manner. Integrated information system that functions within the hotel industries as a business system enabling it to effectively communicate with the front office department and provide the all information associated with the customers in vital manner. Use of integrated information system in hotel is ensuring that all functions such as food and drinks, accommodation and other hotel services run effectively and smoothly. Integrated management system also manage the reservation, registration, day end process, guest history, reports, housekeeping and other and it will helps the organization to solve its issues in better manner.
As in the study it has been seen that organization has not enough time during the check out and the result is that the hotels losing small items such as pillows, electric items, towels and others. Moreover, hotels charges the amount is based on a total which includes food and beverage services, room changes, outlet charges as well as damages from the guest during checkout. Thus, these all work within the hotel industries have done in better manner with help of the implementation of integrated software system[3]. Flow of the data of integrated information system is blustered in below using DFD diagram.
During check in time, integrated system is stored the client name with room numbers and all expenses done by the client is stored in system in better manner. Thus, during the checkout time, the front department enters the client room number in its software system and all the expenses shows in form of reports in its system in better and fast manner. So that it helps the organization to solve its current issues in better manner3. Apart from that, when the housekeeping enters the room then they update the information of the room in the information system and if any damages done by the client is stored in the software system. So that in checkout time, the front department is easily calculated the customers expense. Thus in this manner they can solved their issues in better and effective manner.
An organization is characterized various departments that work in collaborative manner to lead the organization towards successfully achieving its objectives[4]. The organization can be looked upon as an association of the individuals and these departments in order to achieve profits. Thus the different departments within a manufacturing organization like BMW can be listed as follows:
So, if the functions of the different departments are carefully analyzed, it can be said that they are interrelated to each other since information from one department is required by the other to achieve harmony in operation and achieve efficiency.
Starting from the Research and department in context to BMW, it can be said that this department plays an important role in the innovation process. It helps the company to launch new products and services into the market[5]. In this context it is also important that the new products and services being launched and introduced by the business organization need to be capable of meeting the specific needs of the customers in the target market segment. So, in this context it can be said that the knowledge and information about the specific needs and preferences of the customers in the target market segment can be provided to the research and department by the sales department and this is mainly because the sales department is the one that comes in direct contact with the customers and the market (Schroeder and Kardoff, 2010)[6]. Thus, information from sales team flows to the R&D department on the basis of which the product i.e. new model of car id designed by BMW.
On the other hand the research and development after designing the model with every detail and specifications of the new model pass on the information to the production department that is responsible for developing the idea into a physical product. So, without the information from the research and development department, the production department would not be able to design and build new product that can be introduced in the market.
The production department after receiving the detailed information from the R&D department decides upon the material specifications that would be required for producing the new product. Thus it emphasizes upon planning for the materials like plastic, metals, rubber, leather and other technical equipments that can prove to be useful in designing and developing the new product6. The detailed information is then sent to the purchase department that is responsible for contracting the suppliers to get the required materials delivered so that production can be initiated as early as possible.
Purchase department is responsible for the purchase of raw materials together with controlling the cost of good by efficiently selecting the suppliers that can deliver the right products at the right place at the right cost and in the right quantity and at the right time. Again before placing the purchase order, the purchase department passes on the information to the inventory management in order to analyze and gain an idea of what materials are present in the inventory and what materials need to be purchased from the supplier.
The inventory department that is responsible for maintaining the stock of the materials after receiving the requirements from the purchase department emphasizes upon checking its stick to analyze whether the materials required are present in the stock or purchase order need to be placed. After carefully investigating the stock, the inventory department clearly passes on the information to the purchase department about the present stock and the stock that need to be purchased from the suppliers. After receiving the information from the inventory department, the purchase department places the order to their regular supplier or newly appointed supplier with clear details of percentage credit and percentage cash together with credit time and quantity and the time by which the stock is required at the production site[7]. The same information is also passed on to the production department and also the inventory department.
The suppliers after receiving the order delivers the material to production site that is again first stored in the inventory where the stock is updated and then issued to the production department for beginning the production. The production department after receiving the materials initiates the production to design and develop the physical product as has been planned by the research and development department7.
In the mean time, the research and development together with the production department also pass on the information about detailed specifications, technical details and unique selling proposition to the sakes and the marketing department. Thus, by receiving the information where the sales department strive towards designing and planning the sales strategy, the marketing departments strive towards planning the advertising and promotional campaigns for the product to make the market and the customers aware of the product.
On the other hand, it is a known fact that each and every step that is taken by the company, be it research and development, market research, purchase of raw materials, sales planning, advertising and sales promotion, fund is required that is issued by the finance department. So, in each and every context, information with proper budget is supplied to the finance department so that required funds are allocated ad supplied to carry out the processes. Finance department plays an important role in the success of the business since it takes care of financial deficit and surplus on the part of the company[8].
Moreover, manpower is the major resource that is required for success of the organization and HR debarment is responsible for efficiently managing the human resource of the organization by maintaining the remuneration details and the employee details that is again supplied to the finance department to supply proper remuneration and incentives.
Again, all the databases of the different departments is managed and maintained by the IT department so that data and information can easily accessible by the entire department as and when required.
References
Baum, Tom. 2011. Hospitality Management. 1st ed. Los Angeles, [Calif.]: SAGE.
Drucker, Peter Ferdinand, and Joseph A Maciariello. 2008. Management. 1st ed. New-York: Collins Business.
Holzbaur, Ulrich D. 2011. Management. 1st ed. Ludwigshafen (Rhein): Kiehl.
Lussier, Robert N, and John R Hendon. 2016. Human Resource Management. 1st ed. Los Angeles [u.a.]: SAGE.
O’Brien, James A, and George M Marakas. 2011. Management Information Systems. 1st ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Pressman, Roger. 2014. Software Engineering. 1st ed. New York: Mcgraw-Hill.
Schroeder, Betty L, and Alan D Kardoff. 2010. Management. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: International Association of Administrative Professionals and Prentice Hall.
Dale, Ernest. 2010. Planning And Developing The Company Organization Structure. 3rd ed. Ann Arbor, Mich.: Xerox University Microfilms.
Chestnut, William R, and Peter King. 2010. Production Management. 3rd ed. Melbourne: Oxford University Press.
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